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Recent taxonomic classification of lepidoptera
1. The taxonomy of Lepidoptera has recently been updated based on new evidence from morphology and molecular data. 2. There are now 4 suborders: Zeugloptera, Aglossata, Heterobathmiina, and Glossata. Previously there were only 3 suborders. 3. Within the suborders, there have been revisions to some superfamilies and families based on relationships between groups being clarified. The new classification aims to better reflect evolutionary relationships between Lepidoptera groups.
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Recent taxonomic classification of lepidoptera
- 1. RECENT TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION OFLEPIDOPTERA KARTHIKEYAN, S (2015 800503) Ph.D., Scholar, Agricultural Entomology, TNAU, Coimbatore.
- 2. WHY RECENT? • CHANGEIS INEVITABLE PROGRESS IS OPTIONAL
- 3. PROLOGUE • Monophyly • Halfmillion extant species • 160,000 described species • On average, 1000 described/year recently – micro moths>butterflies Species diversity of Lepidoptera Extant species Described species
- 4.
- 5. Hierarchy • Unranked :Mecopterida / 'panorpoid‘ • Super order : Amphiesmenoptera (Lepidoptera + Trichoptera) • Order : Lepidoptera • Sub orders : Zeugloptera Zeugloptera : Ditrysia Aglossata : Monotrysia Heterobathmiina : Dachnonypha Glossata THEN NOW
- 6. Lepidoptera Suborder 1. Zeugloptera Sub orders 2.Aglossata 3. Heterobathmiina 4. Glossata
- 7. Zeugloptera (Micropterigoidea) • Larvaeas 'soil animals' - feed on foliose liverworts (decomposing angiosperms & fungus hyphae) • Adults - diurnal - fern spores or angiosperm pollen. • Dependence on flowering plants - secondary • Morphologically • larval head-capsule with unique lateral dorsoventral muscle • hypertrophied and angularly bent pupal mandible • molecular evidence (Wiegmann et al. 2002) Family : Micropterigidae
- 8. Lepidoptera Suborder Aglossata Sub orders Heterobathmiina Glossata • (Agathiphagoidea+ Heterobathmioidea) ? • Assemblage seem less convincing (Kristensen 1998)
- 9. Aglossata (Agathiphagoidea) • Primitivetongue moths • Family: Agathiphagidae • Kauri moths – Agathis robusta
- 10. Heterobathmiina (Heterobathmioidea) • Extantmembers - entirely dependent on angiosperms • Larvae are miners in Notophagus leaves • Adults feed on the pollen of Notophagus trees Family: Heterobathmiidae
- 11. Glossata • Each galeaelongated and medially concave • Mandibles loosing articulations with head-capsule • Epistomal sulcus disappearing • Six basal clades • Eriocranioidea, Acanthopteroctetoidea, Lophocoronoidea, Neopseustoidea (all four with just a single small family), • Exoporia (Mnesarchaeoidea + Hepialoidea) and Heteroneura (all other Glossata) • All Lepidoptera outside the Heteroneura are collectively as ‘homoneurans’
- 12. Superfamily: Hepialoidea (5families) • Family : Palaeosetidae, • Family : Prototheoridae, • Family : Neotheoridae, • Family : Anomosetidae, • Family : Hepialidae
- 13. • Superfamily Nepticuloidea •Family Nepticulidae • Family Opostegidae • Superfamily Andesianoidea • Family Andesianidae • Superfamily Adeloidea • Family Heliozelidae • Family Adelidae • Family Incurvariidae • Family Cecidosidae • Family Prodoxidae • Superfamily Palaephatoidea • Family Palaephatidae • Superfamily Tischerioidea • Family Tischeriidae
- 14. •Superfamily Tineoidea • FamilyEriocottidae • Family Psychidae • Family Tineidae •Superfamily Gracillarioidea • Family Roeslerstammiidae • Family Bucculatricidae • Family Gracillariidae Superfamily Yponomeutoidea Family Argyresthiidae Family Plutellidae Family Glyphipterigidae Family Yponomeutidae Family Ypsolophidae Family Attevidae Family Praydidae Family Heliodinidae Family Bedelliidae Family Lyonetiidae
- 15. • Superfamily Simaethistoidea •Family Simaethistidae • Superfamily Gelechioidea • Family Autostichidae • Family Lecithoceridae • Family Xyloryctidae • Family Blastobasidae • Family Oecophoridae • Family Schistonoeidae • Family Lypusidae • Family Chimabachidae • Family Peleopodidae • Family Elachistidae • Superfamily Gelechioidea Family Syringopaidae Family Coelopoetidae Family Stathmopodidae Family Epimarptidae Family Batrachedridae Family Coleophoridae Family Momphidae Family Pterolonchidae Family Scythrididae Family Cosmopterigidae Family Gelechiidae
- 16. • Superfamily Alucitoidea •Family Tineodidae • Family Alucitidae • Superfamily Pterophoroidea • Family Pterophoridae • Superfamily Carposinoidea • Family Copromorphidae • Family Carposinidae • Superfamily Schreckensteinioidea • Family Schreckensteiniidae • Superfamily Epermenioidea • Family Epermeniidae • Superfamily Urodoidea • Family Urodidae • Superfamily Immoidea • Family Immidae • Superfamily Choreutoidea • Family Choreutidae • Superfamily Galacticoidea • Family Galacticidae • Superfamily Tortricoidea • Family Tortricidae
- 17. • Superfamily Cossoidea •Family Brachodidae • Family Cossidae • Family Dudgeoneidae • Family Metarbelidae • Family Ratardidae • Family Castniidae • Family Sesiidae • Superfamily Zygaenoidea • Family Epipyropidae • Family Cyclotornidae • Family Heterogynidae • Family Lacturidae • Family Phaudidae • Family Limacodidae • Family Dalceridae • Family Megalopygidae • Family Aididae • Family Somabrachyidae • Family Himantopteridae • Family Zygaenidae
- 18. • Superfamily Whalleyanoidea •Family Whalleyanidae • Superfamily Thyridoidea • Family Thyrididae • Superfamily Hyblaeoidea • Family Hyblaeidae • Superfamily Calliduloidea • Family Callidulidae • Superfamily Hedyloidea • Family Hedylidae • Superfamily Hesperioidea • Family Hesperiidae • Superfamily Papilionoidea • Family Papilionidae • Family Pieridae • Family Riodinidae • Family Lycaenidae • Family Nymphalidae • Superfamily Pyraloidea • Family Pyralidae • Family Crambidae • Superfamily Mimallonoidea • Family Mimallonidae
- 19. • Superfamily Drepanoidea •Family Cimeliidae • Family Doidae • Family Drepanidae • Superfamily Lasiocampoidea • Family Lasiocampidae • Superfamily Bombycoidea • Family Apatelodidae • Family Eupterotidae • Family Brahmaeidae • Family Phiditiidae • Family Anthelidae • Family Carthaeidae • Family Endromidae • Family Bombycidae • Family Saturniidae • Family Sphingidae • Superfamily Geometroidea • Family Epicopeiidae • Family Sematuridae • Family Uraniidae • Family Geometridae • Superfamily Noctuoidea • Family Oenosandridae • Family Notodontidae • Family Erebidae • Family Euteliidae • Family Nolidae • Family Noctuidae
- 20. References Kristensen, N.P., Scoble,M.J., Karsholt, O. (2007). Lepidoptera phylogeny and systematics: the state of inventorying moth and butterfly diversity. Zootaxa, 1668: 699–747. Erik J. van Nieukerken, Lauri Kaila, Ian J. Kitching, Niels P. Kristensen, David C. Lees, Joël Minet, Charles Mitter, Marko Mutanen, Jerome C. Regier, Thomas J. Simonsen, Niklas Wahlberg, Shen-Horn Yen, Reza Zahiri, David Adamski, Joaquin Baixeras, Daniel Bartsch, Bengt Å. Bengtsson, John W. Brown, Sibyl Rae Bucheli, Donald R. Davis, Jurate De Prins, Willy De Prins, Marc E. Epstein, Patricia Gentili-Poole, Cees Gielis, Peter Hättenschwiler, Axel Hausmann, Jeremy D. Holloway, Axel Kallies, Ole Karsholt, Akito Y. Kawahara, Sjaak (J.C.) Koster, Mikhail V. Kozlov, J. Donald Lafontaine, Gerardo Lamas, Jean-François Landry, Sangmi Lee, Matthias Nuss, Kyu- Tek Park, Carla Penz, Jadranka Rota, Alexander Schintlmeister, B. Christian Schmidt, Jae-Cheon Sohn, M. Alma Solis, Gerhard M. Tarmann, Andrew D. Warren, Susan Weller, Roman V. Yakovlev, Vadim V. Zolotuhin, Andreas Zwick. (2011). Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148: 212- 221.