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Pest risk analysis (pra)
This document discusses pest risk analysis (PRA), which is the process of evaluating biological evidence to determine if a pest should be regulated and what measures should be taken. It involves three main steps: initiation, risk assessment, and risk management. The risk assessment estimates the likelihood of entry, establishment, and spread of a pest, as well as the potential economic consequences. It considers factors like pest biology and distribution, host availability, and climate. Based on these factors, pests are categorized and their risks are estimated on a matrix. Risk management then identifies potential measures to reduce risks to an acceptable level. PRA is mandatory for importing plants and plant materials according to Indian regulations.
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Pest risk analysis (pra)
- 1. KARTHIKEYAN, S (2015800503) Ph.D., Scholar, Agricultural Entomology, TNAU, Coimbatore.
- 2. The process ofevaluating biological or other scientific and economic evidence to determine whether a pest should be regulated and the strength of any phytosanitary measures to be taken against it
- 3. To estimatethe likelihood of successful invasion by plant pests – Entry, -Establishment, -Spread Consequences / Impact To justify phytosanitary measures on import Scientific evidence in analysis of risk in the international movement of plant products.
- 4. Initiation Riskassessment Risk management
- 6. initiated asa result of: -Identification of a pathway that presents a pest hazard (Eg. trade on new commodity) - Identification of a pest that may require phytosanitary measures - Review or revision of existing phytosanitary policies or priorities
- 7. Step 1– Pest categorisation Step 2 – Probability of entry, establishment and spread of the pest Step 3 – Assessment of potential economic consequences
- 8. Identify quarantinepests Categorise pests Prepare data sheets {Quarantine Pest Name} Species, Synonyms, Common name(s), Hosts, Plant part(s) affected, Distribution, Biology (life cycle), Epidemiology, Control & References Pest name Pest establishment in PRA area Refs Potential for significant loss Refs Quarantine pest (Yes/No) ARTHROPOD PESTS Pest 1 Feasible REF Significant REF Yes Pest 2 Feasible REF Not significant REF No PATHOGENS Pest 3 Not feasible REF Significant REF No Pest 4 Feasible REF Significant REF Yes
- 9. ◦ Likelihood thata quarantine pest will arrive in an importing country through the various pathways ◦ Be distributed in a viable form to the endangered area ◦ Dependant on production methods in the exporting country and importing country quarantine procedures ◦ - orchard ◦ - packing house ◦ - transport ◦ - on-arrival inspection
- 10. Step 1: Sourceorchard Step 2: Packinghouse Step 3: Storage and transport Step 4: On-arrival inspection Release of fruit from quarantine Fruit infestedNot infested Pest survives Pest does not survive Pest survivesPest does not survive Pest not detected Pest detected
- 11. - Host availability,abundance, distribution - Climatic suitability - Potential for pest to adapt - Reproductive strategy of the pest - Method of pest survival - Previous history of establishment - Abundance & range in country of origin - Cultural practices & control measures
- 12. ◦ Suitability ofthe environment for natural spread ◦ Presence of natural barriers ◦ The potential for movement with commodities or conveyances ◦ Intended use of the commodity ◦ Potential pest vectors & natural enemies in the PRA area
- 13. Impacts onproductivity: –Yield losses –Increased control costs –Post-harvest disinfestation Impacts on trade / market access: –Domestic –International Impacts on the environment Impacts on human health
- 14. For each pest,combine the likelihood of: - entry/establishment/ spread, and - consequence of entry/establishment/ spread: “Extreme” “High” “Moderate” “Low” “Very low”
- 15. Risk Estimation Matrixfor Australia High Negligible Very low Low Moderate High Extreme Moderate Negligible Very low Low Moderate High Extreme Low Negligible Negligible Very low Low Moderate High V. Low Negligible Negligible Negligible Very low Low Moderate E. Low Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Very low Low Likelihoodofentry, establishmentandspread Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Very low Negligible Very low Low Moderate High Extreme Consequence of entry, establishment and spread
- 16. Risk Managementmeasures may be required to reduce the risk to an acceptable level Identify Evaluate Select
- 17. Pest RiskAnalysis is mandatory for importing any plant or plant materials The Import Permit issuing authorities shall issue permits for commodities specified in Schedule-V, Schedule-VI and Schedule-VII of PQ Order, 2003 for which PRA has already been done.
- 18. Neither thecountry nor the commodity which have not covered under these schedules the import permit can not issued An Importer who intend to import a new commodity or from a country not covered under the list shall send a specific Pest Risk Analysis Request Form To Plant Protection Adviser to the GOI, Dte. of Plant Protection, Quarantine & Storage, N.H.-IV., Faridabad-121 001, Haryana.