Radio News- legal and ethical
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This document discusses legal and ethical codes in UK radio news broadcasting. It explains that Ofcom is the independent regulator for UK communications industries including radio. Ofcom regulates the radio industry and issues the Broadcasting Code which sets out rules for broadcast content. The code covers issues like violence, offensive language, privacy, and impartiality. It also discusses BBC editorial values and guidelines which reflect principles of democracy, individual liberty, and mutual respect. Students are tasked with learning about these codes and values, and justifying reasons for upholding standards in broadcasting.
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This document provides an overview of the radio industry, including the different types of radio stations and their funding models. It discusses commercial radio stations that are funded through advertising, public service broadcasting stations like the BBC that are funded by television licenses, and non-profit community stations. It also describes some of the major job roles in radio, such as presenters, producers, and sound engineers. Finally, it briefly outlines some of the professional bodies and new technologies that have impacted the radio industry.
Radio news-reporting-lecture-
Protesters in Buenos Aires are planning another march this evening to call for the mayor's resignation over a nightclub fire that killed over 180 people last week. Reporter Kenneth Galano is at City Hall covering the protests and has interviewed spokesman Peter Pan, who expressed disgust at the government's actions. The fire was one of Argentina's worst disasters.
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Radio broadcasting involves the transmission of audio signals through radio waves to reach a wide audience. There are two main types of signals: analog audio and digital audio. The main types of radio broadcasting are AM and FM. AM uses amplitude modulation to encode the signal while FM uses frequency modulation. Radio broadcasting can also be commercial, non-commercial educational, public, or non-profit varieties like community radio and campus radio.
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Presentation1
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is an independent body established in 1912 to classify films shown in UK cinemas. Local authorities can overrule BBFC classifications but rarely do. In 1985 the BBFC also became responsible for classifying videos and DVDs. The British Video Association represents UK video publishers and rights owners. The Film Distributors' Association is the UK trade body for film distributors that release films to cinemas. Ofcom regulates TV, radio, telecoms and wireless transmissions in the UK. Trading Standards aims to protect consumers and encourage honest business. The Press Complaints Commission enforces the Editors' Code of Practice for newspapers and magazines.
Radio more depth - lesson 1
The document provides information on radio consumption habits, the history and platforms of radio, types of radio stations, and statistics on radio listening and revenue. It notes that while radio listening peaks in the mornings, 16-24 year olds spend more equal time listening to radio, streaming music, and personal digital audio. The BBC made cuts to specific radio programs and services between 2013-2016, with the largest percentage decreases for Radio 1Xtra, Radio 4 Extra, and decreases generally in the 1-7% range for other services.
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Ofcom is the regulatory authority for broadcasting, telecommunications, and postal communications in the UK. Its roles include regulating TV and radio to ensure appropriate censorship, protecting consumers from scams and bad practices, overseeing the postal service and wireless devices, and considering complaints about broadcast content. Ofcom regulates industries like BBC, ITV, and telecommunications providers. It carries out research to ensure the public is protected from issues in media and reduces fake news. The Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO) regulates newspapers and magazines in the UK, holding them accountable to the Editors' Code and investigating complaints about breaches.
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The document discusses ethics in the TV industry and focuses on the ethical standards and guidelines of the BBC. It explains that the BBC's charter establishes its core purpose to serve the public interest. The BBC also has detailed editorial guidelines that provide principles and practices for producers to act ethically and ensure impartiality, accuracy, and fairness. These guidelines address issues like privacy, bias, and complaints. If complaints arise, the BBC's Editorial Standards Committee will investigate violations of its ethical code.
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The document provides an overview of rules and regulations for broadcasting in the United States. It discusses the history of broadcasting legislation from the 1910 Wireless Ship Act to modern laws. Key rationales for broadcast regulation are the scarcity of frequencies and broadcasting's pervasive presence. The roles of the FCC, Congress, courts, and other entities in establishing and enforcing broadcasting policy are described. The FCC regulates licensing, content, ownership and more. Advertising and content standards aim to prevent obscenity, deception, and protect privacy and children.
Tasknine
This document discusses legal and ethical issues related to broadcasting content on television in the UK. It outlines several key points:
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2) UK law regarding defamation, privacy, contempt of court, copyright, and other intellectual property rights must be considered when broadcasting any content.
3) Several regulatory bodies oversee different aspects of UK media, including Ofcom which regulates television and radio broadcasts and enforces the watershed. Ofcom operates under the Communications Act of 2003.
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This document discusses various ethics codes and informal controls that guide media professionals in different industries, including print, broadcasting, film, advertising, and public relations. It outlines codes from organizations like the Society of Professional Journalists, National Association of Broadcasters, and Motion Picture Association of America. The document also discusses how organizational policies and outside pressures can influence media content.
Regulation and Black Mirror part 1
The document discusses Channel 4's public service remit as defined by the 2003 Communications Act, which states that Channel 4 must provide programming that demonstrates innovation, appeals to a culturally diverse audience, is educational, and has a distinctive character. It asks how the show Black Mirror fits this remit by being innovative in form and making social commentary. It also asks why Black Mirror was suited to Channel 4 rather than other channels, considering elements like representation, genre, and how it aligns with Channel 4's mandate.
Chapter 8
The document discusses various aspects of radio programming, including:
1) It describes the different types of programming radio stations use such as local programming, prerecorded/syndicated programming, and different music and talk formats.
2) It discusses factors that go into creating a radio format successfully such as identifying the target audience, analyzing the competition, and using tools like format wheels and programming software.
3) It provides an overview of how radio stations schedule their dayparts and the different elements that make up their programming throughout the day including commercials, promotions, and music or talk segments.
Ofcom
OFCOM is the regulatory authority for broadcasting, telecommunications, and postal industries in the United Kingdom. It was established in 2002 and began operations in 2003, consolidating the responsibilities of five previously separate regulatory bodies. OFCOM oversees areas like licensing, codes and policies, complaints, and protecting the radio spectrum. Each year it publishes an annual plan outlining its goals and rules for the coming year.
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The document provides an overview of media in the United Kingdom, including television, radio, newspapers, magazines and regulations. It discusses the main public broadcaster BBC and largest commercial stations ITV and Channel 4. It also summarizes regulations set by OFCOM and advertising standards bodies. Independent producers have grown significantly since regulations requiring stations to source a portion of content externally.
2. legal and ethics introduction
Media companies must adhere to both legal and ethical constraints when producing content. Legally, they must comply with laws around copyright, discrimination, obscenity, data protection and libel. Ethically, they should avoid offending audiences, ensure privacy and consent, and represent groups respectfully. The News of the World phone hacking scandal showed how failing to follow these led to legal issues. Regulations aim to maintain viewer trust by ensuring truth and transparency around productions.
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The document summarizes several regulatory and professional bodies within the UK creative media sector, including the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), Pan European Game Information (PEGI), Film Distributors Association, Video Standards Council (VSC), Office of Communications (Ofcom), Trading Standards Institute, Press Complaints Commission (PCC), and Advertising Standards Authority (ASA). It provides a brief overview of each organization's role and responsibilities in classifying, rating, and regulating various forms of media in the UK.
Task 3 regulatory bodies (1)
The document summarizes several regulatory and professional bodies within the UK creative media sector, including the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), Pan European Game Information (PEGI), Film Distributors Association, Video Standards Council (VSC), Office of Communications (Ofcom), Trading Standards Institute, Press Complaints Commission (PCC), and Advertising Standards Authority (ASA). It provides a brief overview of each organization's role and responsibilities in classifying, rating, and regulating various forms of media in the UK.
Reality TV Broadcasting
Ofcom is the regulator for UK communications industries including television, radio, and wireless services. It has responsibilities to apply protections for audiences from offensive, harmful, or unfair material and to protect privacy. The Broadcasting Code sets standards audiences should expect from broadcasters regarding appropriate scheduling, protection from harmful content, accuracy and impartiality in news. The Code covers harm, offence, impartiality, sponsorship, voting, and scheduling.
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This document discusses various aspects of radio programming including:
1. The need for radio stations to have freedom in choosing their own programming formats and content to serve their local communities.
2. Regulations in other countries, like Canada, that require a certain percentage of content be from domestic/local artists and musicians.
3. The different types of radio programming like local content, syndicated content, music, and talk formats.
4. How radio stations develop their formats and target audiences through audience analysis and testing different content.
Regulatory bodies
The document discusses advertising regulation and self-regulatory bodies in India. It outlines several organizations that manage advertising standards, including the News Broadcaster Association (NBA) and Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI). The Indian Broadcasting Federation (IBF) is the apex organization for television broadcasters and consists of over 250 TV channels. The NBA represents private news broadcasters and presents a unified voice to the government on issues concerning the industry.
Ofcom
Ofcom is the communications regulator in the UK that regulates TV, radio, telecoms, and wireless devices to ensure consumers get the best services and are protected from scams. It operates under the Communications Act of 2003 and its main duties are to further the interests of citizens and consumers. Ofcom deals with responsibilities like complaints, licensing, protections, and consultations related to broadcasting. It defines the watershed as being between 8pm-5:30am, when more adult content can air, and has strict rules around protecting viewers under 18 from offensive language, drug depictions, and inappropriate content in pre-watershed trailers. The watershed time has changed in the past due to complaints about certain programs.
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The document discusses careers in the film industry. It identifies key roles such as management, creative, editorial, technical, research, financial, organizational, and administrative. Each role requires different skillsets and knowledge. The document instructs researching a specific career path and a professional in that field. It provides questions to evaluate one's own skills, knowledge, and experience compared to requirements for the chosen career. The assignment is to write a report analyzing the film industry evolution, comparing career roles and their skillsets/knowledge, reviewing a practitioner, and evaluating one's preparation for their chosen career path.
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2) Evaluate how technological changes and convergence of skills have created both new opportunities and threats within the media industry by offering examples of emerging careers.
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Radio News- legal and ethical
- 1. Legal and Ethical Codes in Radio News
- 2. Learning Aims: • MUST be able to describe what ofcom do and how their codes affect radio news broadcasts • SHOULD be able to illustrate how ofcom maintain standards using broadcasting codes. • COULD justify reasons for upholding BBC values and ofcom codes
- 3. Ofcom “Independent regulator and competition authority for the UK communications industries.” http://www.ofcom.org.uk/
- 4. Ofcom is the independent regulator for the UK communications industries. They have responsibilities across television, radio, telecommunications and wireless communications services. They regulate the UK radio industry whilst giving help and advice to the listeners.
- 5. The Ofcom Broadcasting Code The Broadcasting Code applies to all of your broadcast material. These rules state what broadcasters can and cannot do.
- 6. Decency and Obscenity Issues of decency and obscenity in particular can be dependent on context. A song lyric which would pass unnoticed at 11.00pm might generate outrage and serious complaints at 11.00am, and Ofcom recognises this.
- 7. To give you a scenario: Eminem has released a new single which contains explicit lyrics and lyrical content of a violent nature. As a radio station regulated by Ofcom we have to abide by their broadcasting Code. Within this code are a number of sections.
- 8. Here is an example from the section Protecting the under Eighteens Violence and dangerous behaviour 1.11 Violence, its after-effects and descriptions of violence, whether verbal or physical, must be appropriately limited in programmes broadcast before the watershed or when children are particularly likely to be listening and must also be justified by the context. Offensive language 1.15 Offensive language must not be used in programmes made for younger children except in the most exceptional circumstances. http://www.ofcom.org.uk/tv/ifi/codes/bcode/pro tectingu18/
- 9. In Pairs • Take a look at one of these sections and answer the questions on the forum entitled “OFCOM forum” • Click on the section relating to the section you have been given. • Religion • Privacy • Offensive Language • Crime, disorder, hatred and Abuse • Due Impartiality and Due Accuracy • Elections and Referendums • Fairness • Harm and Offence • Equal Opportunities
- 10. You have been given a new code to look at Judge the reasons for using that code and the impact it has on audiences and wider society. • Religion • Privacy • Offensive Language • Crime, disorder, hatred and Abuse • Due Impartiality and Due Accuracy • Elections and Referendums • Fairness • Harm and Offence • Equal Opportunities
- 11. TASK: Make notes about OFCOM codes in preparation for your assignment • Use the codes to explain what news broadcasters can and can’t do • Use the notes from the forum • Use your brief to guide your note taking • Consider legal and ethical justifications for using the codes.
- 12. BBC Editorial Guidelines The Editorial Guidelines are the BBC's values and standards. http://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguideline s/guidelines/ Activity: In groups of four or five look at one of the scenarios and the corresponding section of the BBC’s editorial values (on Moodle link under radio). Discuss the ethical and legal reasons for using BBC’s editorial values.
- 13. Defend reasons for the BBC’s editorial guidelines based on the following points: • democracy. • the rule of law. • individual liberty. • mutual respect for and tolerance of those with different faiths and beliefs and for those without faith • How do these guidelines reflect the values of our society?
- 14. TASK: Continue making notes about • Legal and Ethical issues • OFCOM codes • Consider legal and ethical justifications for using the codes. • BBC editorial values
- 15. Learning Aims: • MUST be able to describe what ofcom do and how their codes affect radio news broadcasts • SHOULD be able to illustrate how ofcom maintain standards using broadcasting codes. • COULD justify reasons for upholding BBC values and ofcom codes