Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person

1. Practical
Research
2
Module 1
1 2 3 4
Nature of Inquiry and
Research
Define
quantitative
research
Describe the
different
characteristics of
quantitative
research
Determine the
strengths and
weaknesses of
quantitative
research
Decide on suitable
kinds of
quantitative
research in various
fields of interest

2. Review
RESEARCH
According to Creswell (2013), research is a systematic and
objective knowledge creation. It is an investigation or
experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of
facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new
facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or
laws.

3. Review
Research method is classified into two main types:
Quantitative Qualitative
Quantitative research collects
numerical data and analyzes it using
statistical methods. The aim is to
produce objective, empirical data that
can be measured and expressed in
numerical terms.
Quantitative data is information about
quantities, and therefore numbers, and
qualitative data is descriptive, and
regards phenomenon which can be
observed but not measured, such as
language.
Qualitative research, on the other hand,
collects non-numerical data such as
words, images, and sounds. The focus is
on exploring subjective experiences,
opinions, and attitudes, often through
observation and interviews.
Qualitative research aims to produce
rich and detailed descriptions of the
phenomenon being studied, and to
uncover new insights and meanings.

4. What is Quantitative research?
Quantitative research, through the use of computational
procedures, is an objective, methodical experiential
investigation of recognizable phenomena. It is
highlighted with numerical analysis of data expecting
that the results that can be generalized to some bigger
population and describe a particular observation having
no biases.

5. Characteristics of Quantitative research
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8

6. Strengths & weaknesses of quantitative research

7. Learning Task 1: Yes or No
Directions: Write YES if the question requires for quantitative approach and NO if it does
not.
1. Are high grades in Mathematics a good indicator for employment
after graduation?
2. Were there changes in consumer behavior before and after online
selling was popularized?
3. Do online learning materials enhance the computer skills of students?
4. Are there changes in the study habits of public school students before
and after the Covid-19 pandemic?
5. Which of the four SHS tracks (Academic, Tech-Voc, Sports, Arts &
Design) is greatly affected by the Covid-19 pandemic?

8. Kinds of Quantitative Research
Descriptive
Research
Correlational
Research
Causal-comparative/
Quasi-experimental
Research
Experimental
Research
Non-
experimental
Experimental

9. Kinds of Quantitative Research
Descriptive
Research
Correlational
Research
Non-
experimental
• Describe a situation or phenomenon
• Relationship between two or more variables without
any interference from the proponent
• Researchers collect data without making changes or
introducing treatments
• Seeks to describe the current status of an identified
variable. These research projects are designed to
provide systematic information about a
phenomenon.
• Attempts to determine the extent of a relationship
between two or more variables using statistical
data. In this type of design, relationships between
and among a number of facts are sought and
interpreted.

10. Descriptive Research
EXAMPLES:
1. How many hours senior high
school students spent in playing
online games?
2. How many malnourished students
who failed in the achievement test?
3. How healthy is the food served
during lunch time in public
schools?
Descriptive
Research
• Seeks to describe the current status of an
identified variable. These research projects
are designed to provide systematic
information about a phenomenon.
EXAMPLES:
Factors affecting the Academic
Performance of Senior High School
Students
• Attendance
• Family
• Financial Support
• Working Students
• Environment

11. Correlational Research
Correlational
Research
• Attempts to determine the extent of a relationship
between two or more variables using statistical data.
In this type of design, relationships between and
among a number of facts are sought and interpreted.
1. Positive correlation –An increase in one variable leads to increase the other variable. A
decrease in one variable will also decrease in the other variable.
Example: Family income and daily allowance
2. Negative correlation – if there is an increase in one variable, the second variable will
show a decrease and vice versa.
Example: Age of a car and price of the car
3. No correlation – A chance in one variable may not necessarily see a difference in the
other variable.
Example: Number of spent in studying and height of the students

12. Correlational Research
Correlational
Research
• Attempts to determine the extent of a relationship
between two or more variables using statistical data.
In this type of design, relationships between and
among a number of facts are sought and interpreted.
Example: The relationship between playing online games and
the Grade-point Average
Online games
GPA

13. Kinds of Quantitative Research
Experimental
• This kind of research is centrally concerned with
constructing research that is high in causal (internal)
validity
• Scientific approach
• Researchers collect data with making changes or
introducing treatments.
• This kind of research is almost the same as that of
true experimental design. The only difference is the
absence of random assignment of subjects to other
conditions
• 1. randomly formed groups
• 2. manipulation of the treatment
• 3. comparisons among groups
To test the true cause and effect relationships of
variables involve in the study
Causal-comparative/
Quasi-experimental
Research
Experimental
Research

14. Causal-comparative/Quasi-experimental Research
• This kind of research is almost the same as that
of true experimental design. The only difference
is the absence of random assignment of subjects
to other conditions
Causal-comparative/
Quasi-experimental
Research
• The effect of Remedial Program to Beginners
• The effect of taking multivitamins on a students’ school absenteeism
• The effect of gender on algebra achievement
• The effect of part-time employment on the achievement of high
school students
• The effect of age on lung capacity
EXAMPLES:

15. Experimental Research
• 1. randomly formed groups
• 2. manipulation of the treatment
• 3. comparisons among groups
• To test the true cause and effect relationships
of variables involve in the study
Experimental
Research
• Independent video learning Tools: Its Effect on Academic
Performance of SHS Students.
• The effect of a new treatment plan on breast cancer
• The effect of positive reinforcement on attitude toward school
• The effect of teaching with a cooperative group strategy or a
traditional lecture approach on students’ achievement
EXAMPLES:

16. Learning Task 2: Who am i?
Directions: Study the following quantitative research titles and classify them as to which
kind of quantitative research they belong.
RESEARCH TITLE KIND OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
1. The Effect of Online Schooling to the Academic Grades of
General Academic Strand Students of Example School.
2. Learning Strategies of Grade 12 ABM Students of Calamba
Senior High School
3. “Prima Donnas” Television Drama: Its Effects to the Attitude
of Young Viewers of Barangay San Juan
4. Status of Data Connectivity of STEM Students of Cavite
Senior High School
5. A Study on the Online Truancy of Students under the New
Mode of Learning

17. Learning Task 3: it’s your time!
Directions: Give your own example of a research topic/title that
can be considered as quantitative research. Provide an
explanation as to why and how you can use quantitative
approach.