New technology called Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy® (ENB) that uses virtual bronchoscopy and real time 3-dimensional CT images that enable me to localize these peripheral lung nodules for diagnosis and treatment. This outpatient procedure is minimally invasive and therefore has a small risk of pneumothorax (2-3%) and its published diagnostic yield rates range from 67% - 86%
Bronchial Thermoplasty (BT) Novel Treatment for Patients with Severe AsthmaBassel Ericsoussi, MD
Do our Asthma Patients Know What They Are Missing?Now, A Revolutionary Procedure Can Help Them Lead A Fuller Life.
Bronchial Thermoplasty (BT) Novel Treatment For Patients With Severe Asthma
New technology called Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy® (ENB) that uses virtual bronchoscopy and real time 3-dimensional CT images that enable me to localize these peripheral lung nodules for diagnosis and treatment. This outpatient procedure is minimally invasive and therefore has a small risk of pneumothorax (2-3%) and its published diagnostic yield rates range from 67% - 86%
Bronchial Thermoplasty (BT) Novel Treatment for Patients with Severe AsthmaBassel Ericsoussi, MD
Do our Asthma Patients Know What They Are Missing?Now, A Revolutionary Procedure Can Help Them Lead A Fuller Life.
Bronchial Thermoplasty (BT) Novel Treatment For Patients With Severe Asthma
Lung Ultrasound in Critical Care and Resuscitation: Daniel LichtensteinSMACC Conference
Daniel Lichtenstein wants to make his past your future. Join him on a journey through the history of lung ultrasound in critical care and resuscitation.
The scene is over 20 years ago in the desert of Mauritania. It is a noisy environment full of trucks and planes and motorbikes whipping up sand in a frenzy. You are attending a chest trauma and suspect a pneumothorax. However, in this chaotic environment, chest auscultation with a stethoscope is futile. Daniel describes a visual approach with a portable ultrasound in what was possibly the first extra-hospital ultrasound use.
Daniel also has a passion for in-hospital point of care. This stems from a time he “borrowed” an ultrasound machine from the radiology department and reached a critical diagnosis. His journey with lung ultrasound in critical care and resuscitation was born.
The usefulness of point of care ultrasound in critical care is far reaching. It is used for subclavian catheter insertion, searching for abdominal blood, and assessing the optic nerve or inferior vena cava. It is even used for assessing the “forbidden” area – the lungs.
The use of ultrasound is now ubiquitous; however, this has not always been the case. During its rise to prominence there was a trench war going on and its proponents had to fight claims of ridiculousness!
Daniel will highlight the utility of lung ultrasound in critical care, highlighting how proper use of the technology provides a holistic care approach to your patients. He will discuss multiple protocols he has been a part of developing and use them as an example of the philosophy of ultrasound.
The ultrasound revolution is certainly happening, but the work that made it possible happened long ago!
Lung Ultrasound in Critical Care and Resuscitation: Daniel LichtensteinSMACC Conference
Daniel Lichtenstein wants to make his past your future. Join him on a journey through the history of lung ultrasound in critical care and resuscitation.
The scene is over 20 years ago in the desert of Mauritania. It is a noisy environment full of trucks and planes and motorbikes whipping up sand in a frenzy. You are attending a chest trauma and suspect a pneumothorax. However, in this chaotic environment, chest auscultation with a stethoscope is futile. Daniel describes a visual approach with a portable ultrasound in what was possibly the first extra-hospital ultrasound use.
Daniel also has a passion for in-hospital point of care. This stems from a time he “borrowed” an ultrasound machine from the radiology department and reached a critical diagnosis. His journey with lung ultrasound in critical care and resuscitation was born.
The usefulness of point of care ultrasound in critical care is far reaching. It is used for subclavian catheter insertion, searching for abdominal blood, and assessing the optic nerve or inferior vena cava. It is even used for assessing the “forbidden” area – the lungs.
The use of ultrasound is now ubiquitous; however, this has not always been the case. During its rise to prominence there was a trench war going on and its proponents had to fight claims of ridiculousness!
Daniel will highlight the utility of lung ultrasound in critical care, highlighting how proper use of the technology provides a holistic care approach to your patients. He will discuss multiple protocols he has been a part of developing and use them as an example of the philosophy of ultrasound.
The ultrasound revolution is certainly happening, but the work that made it possible happened long ago!
Teaching by stories, anecdotes and historical facts sept 25 2018Bhaswat Chakraborty
Many difficult principles in science and humanities can be taught best by a story (of its discovery), by an anecdote or some historical facts about them.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign- International.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Sepsis is a major cause of mortality , and its early identification and management is necessary to prevent adverse outcomes.
In this document , the important recommendations mentioned in the international sepsis guidelines ( 2021 ) is included.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia - Clinical presentation .pdfJim Jacob Roy
CML is a myeloproliferative neoplasm with a characteristic chromosomal abnormality , the Philadelphia chromosome.
The clinical presentation of CML is described in this document.
Leptospirosis - clinical manifestations and diagnosis.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Leptospirosis is a commonly encountered infection , especially in tropical regions.
In this document , the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of leptospirosis is described.
The modified FAINE'S criteria is also described at the end.
Mucormycosis - etiology , pathogenesis & clinical manifestations.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Mucormycosis is a serious fungal infection. It got attention during the COVID 19 pandemic as many cases of mucormycosis were reported.
In this document , the etiologic agents of mucormycosis ; its pathogenesis and the various clinical syndromes are described.
Proteinuria - Mechanisms , Causes and Approach.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Proteinuria can occur due to various reasons.
The normal urinary excretion of protein is less than 150 mg / day.
If the daily excretion rate is > 3.5 g / day , it is termed as nephrotic range proteinuria.
In this document , I have described about the mechanisms of proteinuria , the methods to measure urinary protein and the various causes of proteinuria.
Subacute Thyroiditis - Clinical Features & Management.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Thyroiditis is not an uncommon disorder. It may be acute , subacute or chronic.
Subacute thyroiditis is very often misdiagnosed as pharyngitis. Patients can have thyrotoxic or hypothyroid features during the various phases of this disorder.
In this document , I have described in detail regarding subacute thyroiditis.
Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens & Integrase inhibitors.pdfJim Jacob Roy
HIV was once an incurable disease. Now we have effective medications against the virus and modalities to detect and treat the opportunistic infections in HIV patients.
This document describes the ART (antiretroviral therapy) regimens approved in India.
Integrase inhibitors, which have become an integral part of ART , is also described.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
This quiz was conducted on October 15 , 2022 at Govt. Medical college , Kottayam during the KUHS Interzone Fest. The quiz was attended by 8 teams ( winners from the zonal events ) and the team from Govt. Medical College Kollam emerged victorious.
This is a Quiz conducted at Govt.Medical College in the 3rd week of June .The Quiz is about environment ,I have not included any question on plants .Hope you will enjoy this set..
A General Quiz with a bit of Medical FlavourJim Jacob Roy
This Quiz ,titled "The Alphabets" is a General Quiz with a bit of Medical Flavour - It is the Inaugural Quiz of "Tesseract" ,the Quiz Club of Kottayam Medical College...
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
8. Q1.
• The human respiratory tree may consist on an
average of 23 generations (Weibel’s Lung
Model)
• 1- 16 generations constitute the conducting
zone ,while 17-23 constitute the transitional &
respiratory zones.
• What is the 17th generation in the respiratory
tree ?
10. Q2.In the cross section of a bronchus,
what is X ?• X =
Thickness of the mucous gland layer / Thickness of
the wall between epithelium & perichondrium
11. ANSWER
• X = Reid Index
• Normal Reid Index – 0.4
12. Q3.Name these “named” connections .
• Pores of ‘X’ – Inter alveolar connections
• Canals of ‘Y’ – connections between alveoli &
bronchioles
• Channels of ‘Z’ – Interbronchiolar connections
14. Q4.
• Surfactants are the molecules secreted mainly by
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells in the lungs .
• The surfactants lower surface tension – this in
turn increase pulmonary compliance & prevent
atelectasis at the end of expiration.
• The pulmonary surfactant mixture contains both
Phospholipids & Proteins.
• Name the strongest & the chief phospholipid in
the surfactant mixture.
18. Q6.
• The Club cells or Bronchiolar exocrine cells were known as
X cells till Dec 31st,2012.
• They were named as X cells after an Austrian anatomist Y –
Y was an active member of Nazi Party & used to take
tissues from executed victims for research.
• In May 2012,the editorial boards of most of the respiratory
journals concluded that continued use of Y’s name would
be equivalent to honouring him – so they brought about
this name changing policy.
• The X cells (now Club cells) are found in the small airways ,
protect the bronchiolar epithelium & detoxifies the
harmful substances inhaled into the lungs.
• Name X & Y.
20. Q7.
• What is the functional unit of lung as per High
Resolution CT ( HRCT) Terminology ??
21. ANSWER
• Secondary Pulmonary Lobule
• Each secondary pulmonary lobule is supplied
by a terminal bronchiole and a pulmonary
artery branch. They are drained by pulmonary
veins which form in at the periphery of the
lobule and pass though the interlobular
septa.
23. Q1.
• X is a method of tapping on a surface to determine the
underlying structure & is used in clinical examination to
assess the condition of the thorax or abdomen.
• X was first used to distinguish between empty & filled
barrels of liquor & Y, an Austrian physician is said to be the
first person who introduced this technique in modern
medicine.
• But X was used by Z, a Persian polymath,as early as in 10th
century CE.
• Z is widely known for his work, ”The Canon of Medicine ”,
which was a standard medical textbook in many medival
universities.
• Identify X,Y & Z
24. ANSWER
• X – Percussion
• Y- Dr.Leopold Auenbrugger
• Z - Avicenna
27. Q3.
Identify this German
physician who was a
pioneer in
microbiology.
He is known for his role
in identifying the
specific causative
agents
of tuberculosis, cholera,
and anthrax and for
giving experimental
support for the concept
of infectious disease .
He was awarded Nobel
Prize for Medicine in
1905.
29. Q4.
• In the late 1940s & 1950s, one common technique used by
the ……… industry to reassure a worried public was to
incorporate images of physicians in their ads.
• The none-too-subtle message was that if the doctor, with all
of his expertise, chose to use a particular brand, then it must
be safe.
• RJ Reynold Company promoted the ads and their brand Camel
was advertised as the most commonly used brand by doctors.
• The response of the organized medical community was to do
nothing, because the ads showed doctors looking wise.
• RJ Reynolds Company is at present the second largest ……….
company in the US.
• About which Industry am I talking about ?
33. Q6.
• X is Charles Dickens’ first novel.
• There is a character by the name of Joe (The
Fat Boy Joe) who consumes large quantities of
food & constantly falls asleep in any situation
at any time of day.
• His sleep problem is the origin of the medical
term Y which ultimately led to the description
of Obesity Hypoventilation syndrome.
• Identify X & Y
34.
35. ANSWER
• X – Pickwick Papers
• Y – Pickwickian syndrome
36. Q7.
• This word means ,”out of place, unusual or
extraordinary”.
• It was coined by Arthur F Coca & Robert A
Cooke (both are American immunologists &
allergy specialists) who in 1923 attempted to
develop a classification for hypersensitiveness
,an abnormal level of sensitiveness for which
the mechanism was not known.
• What is the word ?
38. Q8.
• What is the active principle in the “Asthma cigarettes”
,which were popular in Germany by this name in the
mid 20th century ?
• These cigarettes consisted of powdered stramonium
leaves & their inhalation brought about some relief
from asthma.
• It caused dryness of mouth & mucous membranes and
it was regarded as one of its major side effects.
• A later study proved that the active principle in this
cigarette has got some beneficial effect on bronchial
obstruction.
• ( Image follows )
41. Q9.
• The image (next slide) is that of ……. , a British
Respiratory scientist, currently Professor of Thoracic
Medicine at the National Heart & Lung Institute, Head
of Respiratory Medicine at Imperial College and
Honorary Consultant Physician at the Royal Brompton
Hospital ,London.
• He is known for his groundbreaking research in the
molecular mechanisms responsible for Asthma & COPD
, which have helped formulate several novel treatment
strategies (under clinical trial).
• Name him.
46. Q11.
• The Mutter Museum is a medical museum located in
Philadelphia – it is a part of “The College of Physicians of
Philadelphia” .
• This museum is currently the only place where members of
the public can view slides of Einstein’s brain.
• A notable attraction of this museum is “The Foreign Body
Collection of X”.
• X is an American Laryngologist ,known as the “Father of
Endoscopy”.
• His obituary referred to him as “one of the greatest ,if not
the greatest laryngologist of all time”.
• Identify X.
49. Q12.Fill in the Blank.
• John Hutchinson ,an English surgeon designed a device (which
was as tall as an adult patient) was essentially a calibrated
bucket that was placed upside down in water.
• The volume of exhaled air from fully inflated lungs could
accurately be measured by exhaling into a tube leading into the
bucket.
• Dr. Hutchinson coined the term …………………….. when he realized
that compromise of this crucial measurement was predictive for
premature mortality.
• Because of the strong correlation between this measurement
and mortality, Hutchinson argued that it should be utilized in
actuarial predictions for life insurance policies.
• Neither the device nor its measurements were accepted by the
insurance industry and the device was used primarily in a limited
function to measure usable lung volumes in patients at
tuberculosis sanitariums.
55. Q2.
• This is a posture is adopted by
patients experiencing
respiratory distress .
• It is thought that this position
optimizes the mechanics of
respiration by taking advantage
of the accessory muscles of the
neck and upper chest to get
more air into the lungs.
• ( But a 2007 Indian study of
COPD patients found no
significant helpful effects for
this posture )
• What is this posture known as
?
57. Q3.
• Which is the abnormal pattern
of breathing characterized by progressively
deeper and sometimes faster breathing,
followed by a gradual decrease that results in
a temporary stop in breathing ?
• The pattern repeats, with each cycle usually
taking 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
59. Q4.FITB
• The inward movement of the lower rib
cage during inspiration (instead of outward as is
normal) implying a flat, but functioning,
diaphragm, often associated with COPD is known
as ………….
• COPD (more specifically emphysema) often lead
to hyperinflation of the lungs due to air trapping.
The resulting flattened diaphragm contracts
inwards instead of downwards, thereby
paradoxically pulling the inferior ribs inwards with
its movement.
63. Q6.
• ………….. a crunching, rasping sound, synchronous
with the heartbeat, heard over the precordium in
spontaneous mediastinal emphysema produced
by the heart beating against air-filled tissues.
• This sound is heard best over the left lateral
position.
• It has been described as a series of precordial
crackles that correlate with the heart beat and
not the respirations.
71. Q10.Identify this needle used for blind
biopsy of the Pleura
Outer cannula(A) of the
Needle with trocar point and
cutting window, which can be
closed with a turning action of
the inner tube (B) inner stylet.
Complete Needle assembly
with stylet needle. The needle
is in the closed position
72. ANSWER
• Abram’s Pleural Biopsy Needle
• Indications for pleural biopsy include the
following:
Recurrent pleural effusion of unknown
etiology
Pleural mass or thickening
74. ANSWER
• CT Pulmonary angiography
• It may either confirm the suspected embolism
or highlight an alternative diagnosis.
75. Q13.
• Which is the molecular test that can detect TB
bacilli from the Sputum sample by isolating
genomic material from the sample by
sonication,then amplifies it by PCR ,also
identify all the clinically relevant rifampicin
inducing mutations in the RNA polymerase
beta(rpoB) gene in the bacilli ??
• The result is obtained within 2 hours !!!!
77. Q14.
The image shows the
histological finding
in interstitial lung
disease that is
suggestive of
significant
occupational
Asbestos exposure.
They are usually
identified following a
parenchymal lung
biopsy.
What are they known
as ?
82. Q1.
• Name the long chain fatty acids found in the cell
walls of the tuberculosis causing bacteria.
• These fatty acids
lend the organism increased resistance to
chemical damage and dehydration, and prevent
the effective activity of hydrophobic antibiotics.
allow the bacterium to grow readily
inside macrophages, effectively hiding it from the
host's immune system.
98. Q9.
• Name the pathogen
well known to cause
pneumonia in
immunocompromised
individuals .
• The risk of infection
with this pathogen
increases when CD4+ T
cell levels are less than
200 cells/μL.
102. Q11.
• What is the reactive arthritis occurring in
patients with active tuberculosis known as ??
103. ANSWER
• Poncet’s arthritis
• The occurrence of polyarthritis in patients with
active tuberculosis was first reported by Antonin
Poncet in 1897 .
• In contrast to the usual tuberculous arthritis
which is monoarticular, infectious and
destructive, tuberculous rheumatism (Poncet’s
disease) is a non-destructive parainfective
polyarthritis occurring in patients with active
tuberculosis, which resolves completely on anti-
tuberculosis therapy
104. Q12.
• What is the new name of “Bronchioloalveolar
carcinoma” ?
110. Q15.
• A patient with small cell lung cancer
developed muscle weakness .
• The patient was investigated & antibodies
against presynaptic voltage-gated calcium
channels in the neuromuscular junction was
detected.
• What is the condition known as ?
114. Q17.
• The image is the X Ray
of Wrist & Forearm of a
patient with
Bronchogenic
Carcinoma.
• The patient had
Clubbing of fingers &
pain in the forearm.
• The X Ray Finding is ?
119. Q1.
• Which is the monoclonal antibody targeted
against IgE used for treating moderate to
severe allergic asthma & chronic spontaneous
urticaria ?
121. Q2.
• Which is the ultra long acting beta agonist
approved for use in COPD patients ?
• It is delivered as an aerosol formulation
through a dry powder inhaler .
123. Q3.
• Name the antitubercular drug approved by
Food & Drug Administration in 2012 –
specifically approved to treat MDR TB ?
• It is in fact the first drug to be approved for
Anti tubercular therapy in 40 years !!!
125. Q4.
• Name the Phospho diesterase 4 (PDE 4)
inhibitor that is used as an orally
administered drug for the treatment of
inflammatory conditions of the lungs such
as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) ?
127. Q5.
• Which is the first line antitubercular drug that
is active in the acidic environment also ??
128. ANSWER
• Pyrazinamide (Z)
• Pyrazinamide diffuses into M. tuberculosis, where
the enzyme pyrazinamidase converts
pyrazinamide to the active form pyrazinoic acid.
Under acidic conditions, the pyrazinoic acid that
slowly leaks out converts to the protonated
conjugate acid, which is thought to diffuse easily
back into the bacilli and accumulate. The net
effect is that more pyrazinoic acid accumulates
inside the bacillus at acid pH than at neutral pH.
129. Q6.
• This drug is used as a mucolytic agent - it
reduces mucus viscosity by splitting disulfide
bonds linking proteins present in the mucus
(mucoproteins).
• It is also used for the treatment of Paracetamol
overdose,as a nephroprotective agent,in
hemorrhagic cystitis ,to prevent the progression
of Interstitial lung disease and in some psychiatric
disorders.
• Which drug ?
131. Q7.
• This drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist
(LTRA) used for the maintenance treatment
of asthma and to relieve symptoms of
seasonal allergies .
• The drug was developed by MERCK,an American
pharmaceutical company & the first part of the
name of the drug is named after a Canadian city
(the second largest Canadian city) where the drug
was developed.
• The drug is ?
133. Q8.
• Name the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
inhibitor (EGFR) inhibitor approved by FDA on
July 2015 as a first line treatment for Non
small cell carcinomas.
136. • Q1.Which is the hereditary condition
predisposing to emphysema ?
• Alpha 1 Antitrypsin deficiency
• Q2.What are the components of Samter’s triad ?
• Asthma,Aspirin Intolerance & Nasal Polyposis
• Q3.What is the immediate management in
Tension Pneumothorax ?
• Needle Thoracostomy
137. • Q4.The gene responsible for Cystic Fibrosis is
located on ?
• Chromosome 7
• Q5.Bronchial Thermoplasty is a treatment
modality (approved by FDA in 2010) for ?
• Bronchial asthma
• Q6.The drug of choice for Pneumocystis jiroveci
pneumonia is ?
• Cotrimoxazole
138. • Q7.What is the investigation of choice for
diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ?
• Polysomnography
• Q8.Prone Position Ventilation is
recommended for ?
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
• Q9.CURB -65 is a scoring system for ?
• Community acquired Pneumonia (CAP)
139. • Q10.What is the most common cause for SVC
obstruction in young adults ?
• Lymphoma
• Q12.Which is the occupational lung disease that
mimics sarcoidosis clinically,radiologically &
histopathologically ?
• Beryllosis
• Q13.Where is the National Institute for Research
for tuberculosis located ?
• Chennai
140. • Q14.What is the pattern of inheritance of Cystic
Fibrosis ?
• Autosomal Recessive
• Q15.Bronchiectasis , Sinusitis & Situs Inversus –
this triadis found in?
• Kartagener’s Syndrome
• Q16.Which is the first anti tubercular drug to be
discovered ?
• Streptomycin
141. • Q17.Expand GOLD.
• Global Initative for Obstructive Lung Disease
• Q18.Expand LVRS
• Lung Voulme Reduction Surgery
• Q19.Expand VATS
• Video assisted Thoracoscopy
142. • Q19.The only pharmacologic therapy that
have demonstrated uniequivocally to decrease
mortality rates in patients with COPD.
• Supplemental Oxygen therapy /Long Term
Oxygen Therapy (LTOT)
• Q21.The most common cause of Chylothorax
• Trauma (Surgical)
143. • Q22.The triad of Ovarian fibroma,Pleural effusion
& ascites is called
• Meig’s Syndrome
• Q23.Name the biochemical agent used in
Positron emission tomography (PET) .
• 18 - Fluoro deoxy Glucose
• Q24.Which obstructive lung disease is considered
as a systemic disease ?
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
144. • Q23.List the 4 common indications for Lung
transplantation.
• COPD, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis,
Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency emphysema & Idiopathic
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
• Q24.List any 3 therapeutic indications for bronchoscopy.
• Foreign Body removal, Control of Hemoptysis, Dilatation
of airways partailly or completely occluded by tumours
(LASER Therapy, Cryotherapy,
Argon plasma coagulation, Electrocautery,
Balloon Bronchoplasty & Dilation ,Stent placement)
145. • Q25.List any 2 conditions where epitheloid
granulomas are seen.
• Tuberculosis,Sarcoidosis
• Q26. List any 3 drugs that can be given for
cessation of smoking.
• Bupropion,Cytisine,Varnecillin
• Q27.List 3 Non Small cell carcinomas
• Large cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma
& Adenocarcinoma
146. • Q28.Which respiratory disease was previously
called as “Consumption” because of the severe
wasting that occurred in patients ?
• Tuberculosis
• Q29.Which group of Antihypertensives worsen
Asthma ?
• Nonselective Beta Blockers
• Q30.Which group of antihypertensives is known
to produce Dry Cough ?
• ACE -inhibitors