https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcNtaWNP96M
Scientific Management Theory one of the theory of Organisation....in Odia medium https://youtu.be/4g86m0feQpo
https://youtu.be/ojtI22FGTYI
Public administration involves managing and administering public/government affairs. It has evolved over time from traditional public administration to development administration and new public administration. Traditional public administration focused on efficiency and following rules, while development administration emphasizes goals, participation, decentralization and planning for change. New public administration rejects being value-neutral and instead focuses on social equity, being client-oriented, and qualitative transformation through decentralization. The key functions of public administration include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting.
The Nature and Scope of Public Administration powerpointJenoAntonioAwid
Public administration refers to the implementation of government policy to serve the public through cooperative efforts. It involves applying laws systematically to achieve common goals. The nature of public administration can be viewed as integral, including all activities from top to bottom in an organization, or managerial, focusing only on managerial activities. The scope of public administration includes both the POSDCoRB view of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting, as well as considering the subject matter and techniques required for different activities.
1) Public administration is a complex field that can be defined from political, legal, managerial, and occupational perspectives. It involves implementing public policy and law.
2) It draws from various academic disciplines like political science, law, and management. Public administration also includes many occupational fields that are part of government work.
3) While the practice of administration is old, public administration emerged as a scholarly discipline in the late 19th century, notably with Woodrow Wilson's 1887 article on the study of administration. It continues to reform in response to political and academic influences.
This document provides an introduction and overview of public administration. It defines public administration as the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline. It presents several definitions of public administration from different scholars. It also outlines some key characteristics of public administration, including that it involves cooperative group efforts in a public setting and covers all three branches of government. Finally, it discusses the scope and importance of public administration as the base of government and an instrument for executing laws and managing public policy objectives.
Woodrow Wilson is considered the father of public administration for formally recognizing it as a discipline in 1887. He argued for separating politics from administration, establishing the dichotomy between the two. During 1927-1937, public administration developed as an independent discipline influenced by POSDCORB and a focus on principles of administration. Starting in 1938, these views faced criticism and challenges as administration was recognized as inherently political. From 1948-1970, public administration experienced a crisis of identity as its foundations were questioned. After 1971, new perspectives emerged focused on public policy and incorporating knowledge from other social sciences.
This document discusses the behavioral approach in political science. It began as a post-World War II protest movement against traditional approaches. Key exponents like Charles Merriam advocated studying political phenomena through observation and measurable data to make the field more scientific and value-free. The behavioral approach focuses on the political behaviors of individuals and groups within political systems. It aims to understand political events by analyzing observable human behavior rather than values or outcomes. However, critics argue that political science cannot be entirely value-free and human behavior is not static.
Public administration involves the implementation of government policies and operations, including planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling government work. It has evolved over time from focusing on separating politics and administration, to emphasizing principles of administration and efficiency, to considering human factors and incorporating other social sciences. Public administration is significant as the key instrument of government to maintain order and protect citizens. It also enables development, supports modern welfare states by providing public services, and is an important subject of academic study.
Public administration involves managing and administering public/government affairs. It has evolved over time from traditional public administration to development administration and new public administration. Traditional public administration focused on efficiency and following rules, while development administration emphasizes goals, participation, decentralization and planning for change. New public administration rejects being value-neutral and instead focuses on social equity, being client-oriented, and qualitative transformation through decentralization. The key functions of public administration include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting.
The Nature and Scope of Public Administration powerpointJenoAntonioAwid
Public administration refers to the implementation of government policy to serve the public through cooperative efforts. It involves applying laws systematically to achieve common goals. The nature of public administration can be viewed as integral, including all activities from top to bottom in an organization, or managerial, focusing only on managerial activities. The scope of public administration includes both the POSDCoRB view of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting, as well as considering the subject matter and techniques required for different activities.
1) Public administration is a complex field that can be defined from political, legal, managerial, and occupational perspectives. It involves implementing public policy and law.
2) It draws from various academic disciplines like political science, law, and management. Public administration also includes many occupational fields that are part of government work.
3) While the practice of administration is old, public administration emerged as a scholarly discipline in the late 19th century, notably with Woodrow Wilson's 1887 article on the study of administration. It continues to reform in response to political and academic influences.
This document provides an introduction and overview of public administration. It defines public administration as the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline. It presents several definitions of public administration from different scholars. It also outlines some key characteristics of public administration, including that it involves cooperative group efforts in a public setting and covers all three branches of government. Finally, it discusses the scope and importance of public administration as the base of government and an instrument for executing laws and managing public policy objectives.
Woodrow Wilson is considered the father of public administration for formally recognizing it as a discipline in 1887. He argued for separating politics from administration, establishing the dichotomy between the two. During 1927-1937, public administration developed as an independent discipline influenced by POSDCORB and a focus on principles of administration. Starting in 1938, these views faced criticism and challenges as administration was recognized as inherently political. From 1948-1970, public administration experienced a crisis of identity as its foundations were questioned. After 1971, new perspectives emerged focused on public policy and incorporating knowledge from other social sciences.
This document discusses the behavioral approach in political science. It began as a post-World War II protest movement against traditional approaches. Key exponents like Charles Merriam advocated studying political phenomena through observation and measurable data to make the field more scientific and value-free. The behavioral approach focuses on the political behaviors of individuals and groups within political systems. It aims to understand political events by analyzing observable human behavior rather than values or outcomes. However, critics argue that political science cannot be entirely value-free and human behavior is not static.
Public administration involves the implementation of government policies and operations, including planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling government work. It has evolved over time from focusing on separating politics and administration, to emphasizing principles of administration and efficiency, to considering human factors and incorporating other social sciences. Public administration is significant as the key instrument of government to maintain order and protect citizens. It also enables development, supports modern welfare states by providing public services, and is an important subject of academic study.
Public administration versus Private administrationabad_er
Public administration involves organizing resources to achieve government goals and provide public services. It focuses on managing state affairs. Private administration works for economic gain in organizations, prioritizing the interests of employees and clients. The main distinctions between public and private administration are their spheres of operation (state vs market), purposes (public service vs profit), funding sources (taxation vs profit), and accountability (public vs owners).
Development administration emerged in the 1960s to help implement policies and plans for nation-building and socio-economic progress in developing countries. It aims to strengthen administrative machinery to facilitate defined programs of social and economic progress by making change attractive to populations. Key elements include planned and coordinated efforts, a goal-oriented and people-centered approach, and creating management capacities. Problems include a lack of experienced administrators and modern techniques as well as procedural delays and poor implementation. The nature of development has changed from a 19th century focus on individualism and economic growth to a post-WWII emphasis on state-led development and goals like poverty reduction, self-reliance, and resource mobilization.
This chapter discusses the definitions and scope of public administration. It defines public administration as a cooperative group effort carried out by government agencies to achieve public goals and deliver services. The chapter outlines differences between public and private administration, noting that public administration operates within a political system and aims to benefit communities rather than generate profit. It also discusses public administration as an academic discipline, profession, and art.
This document summarizes Fred W. Riggs' theory of comparative public administration. Riggs developed typologies to classify societies, including agrarian, industrial, and prismatic societies. He argued developing societies exhibit characteristics of both traditional and modern structures, described as "prismatic" or having "overlapping." Key aspects of prismatic societies include heterogeneity, formalism, and overlapping functions between traditional and modern institutions. Riggs' theory provided a framework for understanding the interaction between administrative systems and broader social, economic, and cultural contexts in developing nations.
Difference btween public and private administrationFermila Yousaf
Public administration involves carrying out laws and policies set by governments to serve the public interest. It aims to fulfill public policy through official processes and organizations. Private administration is the management of private business enterprises by individuals or groups to earn a profit through non-political activities like planning, organizing, and implementing business policies and programs. The two differ in that public administration operates in a governmental setting while private administration is a business process, but they both require similar skills in areas like planning, budgeting, and controlling.
The document summarizes the evolution of the field of public administration from traditional to modern phases. It discusses key thinkers and developments that shaped the field, including Woodrow Wilson's politics-administration dichotomy, Frank Goodnow's examination of the dichotomy, and Leonard White's influential early textbook. It also outlines Max Weber's analysis of bureaucratic organizations and principles of bureaucracy. The summary traces the historical roots and changing paradigms that have influenced public administration theory and practice over time.
The document summarizes the six paradigms of public administration:
1) Politics/Administration Dichotomy (1900-1926) which distinguished between politics and administration
2) Principles of Administration (1927-1937) which focused on universal principles
3) Challenge to Paradigm (1938-1950) which questioned the dichotomy and principles
4) Public Administration as Political Science (1950-1970) which saw it as a subfield of political science
5) Public Administration as Management (1956-1970) with a focus on techniques
6) Emergence of Governance (1990-present) which emphasizes joint governance roles. It also discusses new paradigms like reinventing government and e-g
The document discusses the emergence of New Public Administration (NPA) in the late 1960s from the Minnowbrook Conference in 1968. The NPA rejected classical theories of public administration and advocated for social equity in addition to efficiency and effectiveness. It also questioned the relevance of traditional public administration and argued for more focus on social purposes and values rather than just economic factors. The NPA called for more client-oriented, participatory, and decentralized approaches with less bureaucracy. While social equity has gained more acceptance since NPA, it still struggles to be viewed equally alongside other core values of public administration like economy, efficiency, and effectiveness.
David Easton's Concept of Decline of Political TheoryRima Doot
David Easton argued that political theory was in decline for several reasons:
1) Historicism - Theorists were too focused on history and past events rather than analyzing current issues and how to address problems. They lacked a positive or creative outlook.
2) Moral relativism - Theorists took a relativistic view and did not attempt to determine absolute truths. They accepted prevailing ideas without critique.
3) Hyper-factualism - Theories were based too heavily on facts without a strong theoretical foundation. Theorists focused only on easily researchable problems rather than developing new perspectives.
4) Positivism - New political ideologies in the 19th-20th century took the
Approaches to the study of Public AdministrationBhargav Dangar
The document outlines several approaches to studying public administration, including the normative approach which focuses on what administration should be, the empirical approach which analyzes actual administrative situations, and the philosophical, legal, historical, case method, institutional/structural, and behavioural approaches. The legal approach uses laws framed by society in countries like France, Germany, and Belgium. The case method reconstructs administrative realities through narratives of real events.
The document discusses several key aspects of Plato's political philosophy and ideal state as presented in works like The Republic. It explains that Plato's state is ruled by "philosopher kings" who are free from materialism and illusions. It has a system of functional specialization and strict state-controlled education. Plato believed justice could be achieved through communism of property and family, with children considered national property. His ideal state is criticized for being utopian, promoting dictatorship, and restricting individual liberty.
The document discusses different views of public administration as both a field of practice and study. As a field of practice, public administration involves carrying out governmental functions like enacting laws and policies. As a field of study, it uses empirical research and social science methods to advance knowledge. Public administration is considered an applied discipline that prepares individuals for careers in public service. It is viewed as both an art that involves creativity and leadership, and a science with theories to explain phenomena in the field. Several definitions of public administration are provided that emphasize its role in implementing policies and delivering services to the public.
Public Administration Role Scope and DefinationKamil Sayed
This document provides an overview of key principles of public administration through a slide show presentation. It defines public administration and discusses its nature and scope. Public administration aims to advance government policies and functions through management processes. It also examines major schools of thought in public administration and the role of bureaucracy. In developing countries, the major functions of bureaucracy are to ensure policy continuity, uphold rule of law, facilitate economic development and poverty alleviation, and promote cultural cohesion and national integration. The challenge is to reform public institutions to make them more efficient, citizen-centered, and able to support good governance.
Good Governance : Origin, concepts and componentsNayana Renukumar
The presentation speaks about the origin of Good Governance, its major definitions, key components and strategies. The presentations also dwells upon the Good Governance scenario in India as well that in the state of Andhra Pradesh
This document provides an introduction to the course "Introduction to Public Administration" (PAD202) at the National Open University of Nigeria. It outlines the main contents of the course, which are organized into 3 modules covering various units and topics related to public administration. The first module covers the meaning and concepts of public administration, as well as its evolution and ecology. The second module examines public administration as an art or science and discusses its growth, importance, scope and functions. The third module compares private and public administration and analyzes the relationship between public administration and politics, in addition to various theories of public administration.
The document discusses the evolution of public administration from ancient to modern times. It covers the following key points:
- Public administration has existed in all societies to advance general welfare through activities like taxation, financial management, and administering justice. The idea of serving the public interest can be seen as far back as the Code of Hammurabi.
- Notable developments included China establishing the first centralized bureaucracy in the 2nd century BC and merit-based civil service exams. In the late 19th century, Woodrow Wilson distinguished between politics and an apolitical administration.
- The field of public administration evolved from an art to being studied scientifically. Scholars like Max Weber analyzed bureaucratic models while challenges in
This document discusses the concept of sovereignty. It begins with an introduction that sovereignty became a central idea in modern political science and is derived from the Latin word "superanus" meaning supremacy. It then provides definitions of sovereignty from various scholars and outlines the key characteristics including permanence, universality, exclusiveness, inalienability, indivisibility, absoluteness and originality. The document also discusses the different kinds of sovereignty such as internal, external, nominal/real, legal, political, de jure, and de facto. It concludes with an explanation of John Austin's monistic theory of sovereignty and criticisms of this theory.
This document discusses different types of administrative accountability in public administration:
1. Traditional accountability focuses on compliance with legal and administrative rules, with accountability to superiors and external controllers.
2. Managerial accountability emphasizes efficiency and economy, encouraging cost reduction. It holds administrators accountable for efficient operations.
3. Program accountability assesses whether programs achieve intended objectives effectively and economically. It examines comprehensive performance using standards of effectiveness, efficiency and economy.
4. Process accountability emphasizes agreed upon procedures and methods rather than direct outcomes. It involves providers and recipients agreeing to processes in advance and holding each other accountable to the agreement.
Public administration is the implementation of government policies and programs to serve the public interest. It involves activities like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting. While public administration aims to serve the public interest, private administration in businesses aims to generate profit. Public administration has evolved over phases from emphasizing a dichotomy between politics and administration, to focusing on universal principles of administration, to facing criticism and developing interdisciplinary linkages with fields like political science and management. It is now considered an independent academic discipline.
Public administration versus Private administrationabad_er
Public administration involves organizing resources to achieve government goals and provide public services. It focuses on managing state affairs. Private administration works for economic gain in organizations, prioritizing the interests of employees and clients. The main distinctions between public and private administration are their spheres of operation (state vs market), purposes (public service vs profit), funding sources (taxation vs profit), and accountability (public vs owners).
Development administration emerged in the 1960s to help implement policies and plans for nation-building and socio-economic progress in developing countries. It aims to strengthen administrative machinery to facilitate defined programs of social and economic progress by making change attractive to populations. Key elements include planned and coordinated efforts, a goal-oriented and people-centered approach, and creating management capacities. Problems include a lack of experienced administrators and modern techniques as well as procedural delays and poor implementation. The nature of development has changed from a 19th century focus on individualism and economic growth to a post-WWII emphasis on state-led development and goals like poverty reduction, self-reliance, and resource mobilization.
This chapter discusses the definitions and scope of public administration. It defines public administration as a cooperative group effort carried out by government agencies to achieve public goals and deliver services. The chapter outlines differences between public and private administration, noting that public administration operates within a political system and aims to benefit communities rather than generate profit. It also discusses public administration as an academic discipline, profession, and art.
This document summarizes Fred W. Riggs' theory of comparative public administration. Riggs developed typologies to classify societies, including agrarian, industrial, and prismatic societies. He argued developing societies exhibit characteristics of both traditional and modern structures, described as "prismatic" or having "overlapping." Key aspects of prismatic societies include heterogeneity, formalism, and overlapping functions between traditional and modern institutions. Riggs' theory provided a framework for understanding the interaction between administrative systems and broader social, economic, and cultural contexts in developing nations.
Difference btween public and private administrationFermila Yousaf
Public administration involves carrying out laws and policies set by governments to serve the public interest. It aims to fulfill public policy through official processes and organizations. Private administration is the management of private business enterprises by individuals or groups to earn a profit through non-political activities like planning, organizing, and implementing business policies and programs. The two differ in that public administration operates in a governmental setting while private administration is a business process, but they both require similar skills in areas like planning, budgeting, and controlling.
The document summarizes the evolution of the field of public administration from traditional to modern phases. It discusses key thinkers and developments that shaped the field, including Woodrow Wilson's politics-administration dichotomy, Frank Goodnow's examination of the dichotomy, and Leonard White's influential early textbook. It also outlines Max Weber's analysis of bureaucratic organizations and principles of bureaucracy. The summary traces the historical roots and changing paradigms that have influenced public administration theory and practice over time.
The document summarizes the six paradigms of public administration:
1) Politics/Administration Dichotomy (1900-1926) which distinguished between politics and administration
2) Principles of Administration (1927-1937) which focused on universal principles
3) Challenge to Paradigm (1938-1950) which questioned the dichotomy and principles
4) Public Administration as Political Science (1950-1970) which saw it as a subfield of political science
5) Public Administration as Management (1956-1970) with a focus on techniques
6) Emergence of Governance (1990-present) which emphasizes joint governance roles. It also discusses new paradigms like reinventing government and e-g
The document discusses the emergence of New Public Administration (NPA) in the late 1960s from the Minnowbrook Conference in 1968. The NPA rejected classical theories of public administration and advocated for social equity in addition to efficiency and effectiveness. It also questioned the relevance of traditional public administration and argued for more focus on social purposes and values rather than just economic factors. The NPA called for more client-oriented, participatory, and decentralized approaches with less bureaucracy. While social equity has gained more acceptance since NPA, it still struggles to be viewed equally alongside other core values of public administration like economy, efficiency, and effectiveness.
David Easton's Concept of Decline of Political TheoryRima Doot
David Easton argued that political theory was in decline for several reasons:
1) Historicism - Theorists were too focused on history and past events rather than analyzing current issues and how to address problems. They lacked a positive or creative outlook.
2) Moral relativism - Theorists took a relativistic view and did not attempt to determine absolute truths. They accepted prevailing ideas without critique.
3) Hyper-factualism - Theories were based too heavily on facts without a strong theoretical foundation. Theorists focused only on easily researchable problems rather than developing new perspectives.
4) Positivism - New political ideologies in the 19th-20th century took the
Approaches to the study of Public AdministrationBhargav Dangar
The document outlines several approaches to studying public administration, including the normative approach which focuses on what administration should be, the empirical approach which analyzes actual administrative situations, and the philosophical, legal, historical, case method, institutional/structural, and behavioural approaches. The legal approach uses laws framed by society in countries like France, Germany, and Belgium. The case method reconstructs administrative realities through narratives of real events.
The document discusses several key aspects of Plato's political philosophy and ideal state as presented in works like The Republic. It explains that Plato's state is ruled by "philosopher kings" who are free from materialism and illusions. It has a system of functional specialization and strict state-controlled education. Plato believed justice could be achieved through communism of property and family, with children considered national property. His ideal state is criticized for being utopian, promoting dictatorship, and restricting individual liberty.
The document discusses different views of public administration as both a field of practice and study. As a field of practice, public administration involves carrying out governmental functions like enacting laws and policies. As a field of study, it uses empirical research and social science methods to advance knowledge. Public administration is considered an applied discipline that prepares individuals for careers in public service. It is viewed as both an art that involves creativity and leadership, and a science with theories to explain phenomena in the field. Several definitions of public administration are provided that emphasize its role in implementing policies and delivering services to the public.
Public Administration Role Scope and DefinationKamil Sayed
This document provides an overview of key principles of public administration through a slide show presentation. It defines public administration and discusses its nature and scope. Public administration aims to advance government policies and functions through management processes. It also examines major schools of thought in public administration and the role of bureaucracy. In developing countries, the major functions of bureaucracy are to ensure policy continuity, uphold rule of law, facilitate economic development and poverty alleviation, and promote cultural cohesion and national integration. The challenge is to reform public institutions to make them more efficient, citizen-centered, and able to support good governance.
Good Governance : Origin, concepts and componentsNayana Renukumar
The presentation speaks about the origin of Good Governance, its major definitions, key components and strategies. The presentations also dwells upon the Good Governance scenario in India as well that in the state of Andhra Pradesh
This document provides an introduction to the course "Introduction to Public Administration" (PAD202) at the National Open University of Nigeria. It outlines the main contents of the course, which are organized into 3 modules covering various units and topics related to public administration. The first module covers the meaning and concepts of public administration, as well as its evolution and ecology. The second module examines public administration as an art or science and discusses its growth, importance, scope and functions. The third module compares private and public administration and analyzes the relationship between public administration and politics, in addition to various theories of public administration.
The document discusses the evolution of public administration from ancient to modern times. It covers the following key points:
- Public administration has existed in all societies to advance general welfare through activities like taxation, financial management, and administering justice. The idea of serving the public interest can be seen as far back as the Code of Hammurabi.
- Notable developments included China establishing the first centralized bureaucracy in the 2nd century BC and merit-based civil service exams. In the late 19th century, Woodrow Wilson distinguished between politics and an apolitical administration.
- The field of public administration evolved from an art to being studied scientifically. Scholars like Max Weber analyzed bureaucratic models while challenges in
This document discusses the concept of sovereignty. It begins with an introduction that sovereignty became a central idea in modern political science and is derived from the Latin word "superanus" meaning supremacy. It then provides definitions of sovereignty from various scholars and outlines the key characteristics including permanence, universality, exclusiveness, inalienability, indivisibility, absoluteness and originality. The document also discusses the different kinds of sovereignty such as internal, external, nominal/real, legal, political, de jure, and de facto. It concludes with an explanation of John Austin's monistic theory of sovereignty and criticisms of this theory.
This document discusses different types of administrative accountability in public administration:
1. Traditional accountability focuses on compliance with legal and administrative rules, with accountability to superiors and external controllers.
2. Managerial accountability emphasizes efficiency and economy, encouraging cost reduction. It holds administrators accountable for efficient operations.
3. Program accountability assesses whether programs achieve intended objectives effectively and economically. It examines comprehensive performance using standards of effectiveness, efficiency and economy.
4. Process accountability emphasizes agreed upon procedures and methods rather than direct outcomes. It involves providers and recipients agreeing to processes in advance and holding each other accountable to the agreement.
Public administration is the implementation of government policies and programs to serve the public interest. It involves activities like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting. While public administration aims to serve the public interest, private administration in businesses aims to generate profit. Public administration has evolved over phases from emphasizing a dichotomy between politics and administration, to focusing on universal principles of administration, to facing criticism and developing interdisciplinary linkages with fields like political science and management. It is now considered an independent academic discipline.
Public administration is the implementation and execution of government policy and law. It exists within a political system to achieve the goals and objectives set by political leaders. Public administration focuses on the public bureaucracy and consists of the day-to-day operations of the government. It involves coordinating people and resources to get work done and services provided to the public. Public administration encompasses the executive, administrative, and operational aspects of government.
Definition & Concepts of Public Administrationwaseemcdo
The document discusses definitions of public administration from various scholars. It begins by discussing definitions of administration in general, then focuses on definitions of public administration specifically. The most comprehensive definition provided is from Rosenbloom and Kravchuk: public administration is the use of managerial, political, and legal theories and processes to fulfill legislative, executive, and judicial mandates for the provision of governmental regulatory and service functions. Key differences between public and private administration discussed include the separation of powers in government, the obligation of public administrators to serve the public interest, the lack of free markets in the public sector, and the concept of sovereignty.
Concepts in the Study of Public Administration.pptxMarcelVelasco1
Public administration is the implementation of government policy and provision of services to the public. It involves both managerial activities like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting, as well as substantive areas of administration around issues like defense, education and public health. Public administration is significant as it provides important government services, implements laws and policies, facilitates development and national integration, and promotes public safety. It is a distinct academic discipline concerned with both the subject matter of policy areas and management techniques used in government.
This document discusses definitions and perspectives on the scope of public administration. It provides definitions from early theorists like Woodrow Wilson and Leonard White, which focused on functions and actions. Later definitions emphasized public administration as a science and art that carries out public policy and realizes citizen aspirations. The document also outlines three perspectives on the scope of public administration - the narrow "POSDCORB" perspective focusing on executive functions, a broad subject matter view, and a prevailing integrated view.
An introduction to public adminstration 185 halKhairul Iksan
The document discusses the changing nature of public administration over time. It outlines 5 phases of evolution:
1) 1887-1926: Establishment as an independent discipline separate from political science with Woodrow Wilson's foundational work. Focus on the dichotomy between politics and administration.
2) 1927-1937: Development of principles of public administration and a policy perspective.
3) 1938-1947: Period of behaviorialism and development as a social science.
4) 1948-1970: Crisis of identity and challenges to the dichotomy view.
5) 1971-onwards: Emergence of new public administration focused on public policy and management.
Public administration involves the execution of government policy and operations across all three branches of government. It aims to realize the goals and aspirations of citizens through non-political public bureaucracy. Public administration can be viewed broadly as all government activities or more narrowly as the managerial functions of top administrators. It is a tool for implementing policies and providing services to the public. The study of public administration helps explain the role and functions of government as well as prepare students for work in public service.
This document discusses the definitions, scope, and distinctions between public and business administration. It provides several definitions of public administration that focus on it being the execution of public law and the management of state affairs. The scope of public administration is examined, including concerns around promoting democratic values, policy sensitivity, implementation capability, and understanding social realities. Key distinctions between public and business administration are outlined, such as their different purposes (general welfare vs. profit), constraints (adherence to law vs. flexibility), and complexity of operations.
There are three types of sediments based on their origin: clastic, chemical, and biological. Clastic sediments are the most common and are made up of rock fragments
Public administration refers to the implementation of government policies and programs to serve the public. It involves the management of public programs and agencies. The document outlines several definitions of public administration provided by different scholars. It discusses the key functions of public administration such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting.
The document also examines different aspects of public administration including administrative theories, applied administration, organizational behavior, and public personnel administration. It explores the scope of public administration in maintaining government operations and facilitating development. Comparative public administration and the differences between traditional and development administration are also summarized
Administration_Vs_Management for free download the ppt of Android applicationsShrutiPanda12
Administration deals with setting policies and objectives at the highest levels of an organization, while management involves implementing those policies through coordination and direction of organizational components. There is no clear distinction in practice, as managers take on both administrative and management functions. Public administration differs from private administration in that it operates within a political framework, aims to serve social good over profit, is subject to legal constraints and accountability, handles large-scale operations, and provides essential public services.
This document provides an overview of public administration as a field of study. It defines public administration as the implementation and management of government policies and affairs. It discusses the integral and managerial views of public administration. It also outlines the traditional and modern scopes of public administration. Finally, it examines the six paradigms of public administration that have emerged over time, including the politics-administration dichotomy, principles of administration, public administration as political science, public administration as management, public administration itself, and the emergence of governance.
Administration involves setting policies, objectives, and plans for an organization, while management focuses on implementing those plans and coordinating organizational activities. Practically, managers perform both administrative and management functions, with higher-level managers spending more time on administration and lower-level managers focusing more on operational management. Public administration differs from private administration in that it operates within a legal and political framework, aims to serve public needs rather than profit, and is accountable to the public. It also typically involves larger-scale operations and provides essential services.
This document outlines the key topics to be covered in a Foundations of Public Administration course for BPA students. The course will use lectures, student presentations, open discussions, quizzes and a final exam to address four main questions over four meetings: what is public administration, who are public administrators, why public administration matters, and what are the issues and challenges. Key topics to be covered include the nature, scope and theories of public administration, administrative processes and techniques, human resources management, fiscal administration, regulatory functions, and issues related to accountability, ethics and economic development. Assessment will be based on attendance, quizzes, reports, projects and the final exam.
The document provides an overview of public policy as a field of study. It discusses that policy science emerged as a discipline in the post-World War II era in response to the growing complexity of governance. While early studies focused on political theory or specific institutions, policy science aimed to blend empirical examination with normative questions around justice and social development. The document also examines definitions of public policy by various scholars and notes it is a complex, dynamic process involving goals, decisions by multiple actors, and both action and non-action by governments.
This document discusses key concepts in Philippine politics and governance. It defines politics in several ways, such as the activity of governing, public affairs, compromise and consensus, and power. Governance is introduced as broader than government, involving other sectors beyond just public institutions. Good governance has eight indicators: participation, rule of law, effectiveness, transparency, responsiveness, equity, consensus orientation, and accountability. The roles of government are also outlined, such as maintaining peace, protecting citizens, and promoting well-being.
Public admisistration1introductiontopa 120114190930-phpapp02Sartajbhat158
it is an introduction in public administration which will give the basic idea of public administration to the learners...it will develop interest in public administration of the students
Woodrow Wilson established the field of public administration with the goal of determining what government can and should do most efficiently. Since then, the goals and methods of public administration have changed, transforming from a bureaucratic system to one focused on transparency, efficiency, and social equity. This has refined the image of the public servant from the era of traditional public administration to the new public administration. To analyze this transition, the key differences between traditional and new public administration must be clarified.
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
2. WHAT IS ADMINISTRATION?
The word ‘administer’ is derived from the Latin word
administere, which means to care for or to look after
people, to manage affairs. Administration may be defined as
“group activity which involves cooperation and
coordination for the purpose of achieving desired goals or
objectives”.
Broadly speaking, the term administration appears to bear
at least four different meanings or different senses
depending upon the context in which it is used:
(1) As a Discipline: The name of a branch of learning or
intellectual discipline as taught and studied in colleges and
universities.
(3) As a Process: The sum total of activities undertaken to
implement Public Policy or policies to produce some
services or goods.
3. Noted below are definitions by a few
famous writers.
L.D. White
“The art of administration is the direction, co-
ordination and control of many persons to
achieve some purpose or objective”.
Luther Gullick
“Administration has to do with getting things
done, with the accomplishment of defined
objectives”.
4. What is Public Administration?
(Public = Government usually).
Is the study of the management of the public
agencies that carry out/implement public
policies to achieve the public interest.
Public administration is "centrally
concerned with the organization of
government policies and programs as well as
the behaviour of officials (usually non-
elected) formally responsible for their
conduct".
5. Definitions of Public Administration
“Public Administration is a detailed and systematic
application of law.” by Prof. Woodrow Wilson
“Public Administration consists of all those
operations having for their purpose the fulfillment
of public policy as declared by authority.” by L. D.
White.
“By Public Administration is meant the activities
of the executive branches of the national, state, &
local governments.” by Simon.
“Public Administration is the art and science of
management as applied to the affairs of the state.”
(Waldo)
6. Political Definitions of Public
Administration
Public administration is implementing the
public interest.
The public interest is the universal label in
which political actors wrap the policies and
programs that they advocate.
The public interest is a commonly accepted
good.
The rise of administrative discretion in the face
of legislative vagueness means that the job of the
anonymous administrator is to define the public
interest.
7. Legal Definitions of Public
Administration
Because public administration is what a state
does, it is both created and bound by an
instrument of the law.
Public administration is the law in action.
Public administration is inherently the execution
of a public law.
Every application of a general law is necessarily
an act of administration.
In the United States, the Constitution of 1787 is
the law of the land. All legislation must conform.
8. Managerial Definitions of
Public Administration
Public administration is a management
specialty.
Top managers make the big decisions and are
responsible for the overall success of the
organization.
Public administrators are found in middle
management, the group responsible for the execution
and interpretation of top management policies and
the day-to-day operation of an organizational unit.
9. Importance of Public
Administration
the basis of government (contributing in
social fairness).
Important role in the life of the people.
Executing policies, regulations, and
programs in the country or city.
Providing public goods and services
(such as water).
10. NATURE OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
There are two views regarding the Nature of Public
Administration, that is, Integral and Managerial.
According to the integral view, ‘administration’ is
the sum total of all the activities – manual, clerical,
managerial, etc., which are undertaken to realise
the objectives of the organisation. In this view all
the acts of officials of the government from the
Attendant to the Secretaries to the government and
Head of the State constitute Public Administration.
Henri Fayol and L.D. White are the supporters of
this view.
11. According to the managerial view of
administration, the managerial activities of
people who are involved in planning, organising,
commanding, coordinating and controlling
constitute Public Administration. This view
regards administration as getting things done
and not doing things. Luther Gullick, Herbert
Simon, Smithburg and Thompson are the
supporters of this view. The managerial view
excludes Public Administration from non-
managerial activities such as manual, clerical and
technical activities.
12. SCOPE OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
By the scope of Public Administration, we mean
the major concerns of Public Administration as
an activity and as a discipline.
Scope of Public Administration as an activity
Broadly speaking, Public Administration
embraces all the activities of the government.
Hence as an activity the scope of public
administration is no less than the scope of state
activity. Public administration covers every area
and activity within the ambit public policy.
Thus, the scope of public administration is very
wide in modern state.
13. Scope of Public Administration as a Discipline
The scope of public administration as a discipline, that is
subject of studies, comprises of the following:
The POSDCoRB view
Several writers have defined the scope of public
administration in varying terms. Gullick sums up the
scope of the subject by the letters of the word POSDCoRB
which denote: Planning, Organisation, Staffing, Directing,
Co-ordinating reporting the Budgeting.
Planning means the working out in broad outline the things
to be done, the methods to be adopted to accomplish the
purpose.
Organisation means the establishment of the formal
structure of authority through which the work is sub-
divided, arranged, defined and coordinated.
14. Staffing means the recruitment and training of the
personnel and their conditions of work.
Directing means making decisions and issuing orders and
instructions.
Coordinating means inter-relating the work of various
divisions, sections and other parts of the organisation.
Reporting means informing the superiors within the
agency to whom the executive is responsible about what is
going on.
Budgeting means fiscal planning, control and accounting.
According to Gullick the POSDCoRB activities are
common to all organisations. They are the common
problems of management which are found in different
agencies regardless of the nature of the work they do.
15. The Subject Matter View
We all know that public administration deals
not only with the processes but also with the
substantive matters of administration, such as
Defence, Law and Order, Education, Public
Health, Agriculture, Public Works, Social
Security, Justice, Welfare, etc. These services
require not only POSDCoRB techniques but
also have important specialised techniques of
their own which are not covered by POSDCoRB
techniques.
16. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
ADMINISTRATION
Public administration is governmental
administration concerned with achieving state
purposes, determined by the state. Private
administration, on the other hand is, concerned
with administration of private business
organisation and is distinct from public
administration.
17. DISTINCTION BETWEEN PUBLIC
AND PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION
According to Simon, the distinction between
public and private administration relates mainly
to three points:
Public administration is bureaucratic whereas
private administration is business like;
Public administration is political where as
private administration is non-political; and
Public administration is characterised by red-
tape where as private administration is free from
it.
18. The more important distinguishing features of Public
administration may be described under the following
sub-heads:
Political Direction: Public administration is political,
while private administration is non-political, public
administration takes place in a political context.
Absence of profit motive: The absence of profit motive
from the Public administration is another feature,
which distinguishes it from the private administration.
The primary purpose of governmental organisation is
to provide services to the people and promote social
good.
Prestige: Public administrators who serve in the
Government enjoy high status and prestige in
comparison to their counterparts in private enterprises
especially developing countries.
19. Similarities between Public and
Private Administration
Both public and business administration rely on
common skills, techniques and procedures.
In personnel management, the private organisations
have been influenced greatly by the practices of public
organisations.
There is a similar type of hierarchy and management
systems, both in public and private sectors. Both have
same kind of organisation structure, superior –
subordinate relationships, etc.
Both Pubic and private administration carries on
continuous efforts to improve their internal working
and also for efficient delivery of services to people or
customers.
20. Evolution of public administration
Developmental phases
Phase I: The Politics/Administration
Dichotomy (1887- 1926)
Phase II: The Principles of Administration
(1927-1937)
Phase III: Criticism and Challenges (1938-
1950
Phase IV: Crisis of Identity (1950-1970)
PhaseV: Public Administration as an
Independent Discipline (1970 Onwards)
21. Phase-I:The Politics/Adminis tration
Dichotomy (1887-1926)
Woodrow Wilson was the first scholar who
mainly set the tone for the early study of Public
Administration through his essay entitled „The
Study of Administration‟ appeared in 1887 in
which he emphasized the necessity of developing
the scientific foundations of the discipline. He
originated the ‗politics/administration
dichotomy‘- the distinction between political
activity and administrative activity in public
organization by observing that it ―is getting
harder to run a constitution than to frame one.
22. PhaseII:The Principles of Administration
(1927-1937)
▪ During this phase, scholars believed that Public
administration is a separate activity with its own well
marked field and principles. In 1927,W.F.Willoughby‘s
book „Principles of Public Administration‟ was published
in which he asserted that ―in administration there are
certain fundamental principles of general application
analogous to those characterizing any science.‖ They could
be discovered and administrators would be expert in their
work if they learned how to apply these principles.
Further, they propounded the famous concept of
POSDCORB – final expression of these principles.
Resultantly, Public Administration touched its zenith and
this phase is regarded as a golden era in the evolution of the
discipline.
23. PhaseIII: Criticismand Challenges
(1937-1950)
In the very next year (1938),the
mainstream Public Administration was
challenged with the publication of Chester
I. Barnard‘s „The Functions of the
Executive‟. The challenge came basically in
two forms: first, rejection of the idea of
politics administration dichotomy and
second, principles of public administration
lacking in scientific validity
24. PhaseIV:Crisis of Identity
(1948–1970)
The discipline was in quandary and suffered from the
crisis of identity due to the abandonment of politics-
administration dichotomy and the principles of public
administration. So the scholars of public
administration reacted to this crisis by reestablishing
the linkages of Public Administration first with
Political Science and then with the Management.
Speaking in terms of Political Science, it can be said
that most of the writings on Public Administration in
the 1950‘s spoke of the field as an emphasis,‘ and
area of interest‘ or even as a synonym‘ of Political
Science.
25. PhaseV:Public Administration as an
Independent Discipline(1970Onwards)
However, even when the discipline of Public
Administration was at its lowest ebb, it was sowing
the seeds of its own renaissance. Couple of factors,
complimentary to each other, contributed in this
process. The first was the development of
interdisciplinary programs focusing upon policy
science. In this regard three distinct inter
theoretical linkages – a) politics-administration
union, b) Economics-administration confluence,
and c) organization theory-administration
intermixing -- can be identified.
26. The second was the emergence of New Public
Administration (NPA) – an outcome of first
Minnowbrook Conference held in 1968 sponsored
by Dwight Waldo -which put more emphasis on
values replacing the traditional goals of efficiency
and effectiveness.
The overall focus of NPA movement was to make
administration less generic and more public, less
descriptive and more prescriptive, less institution-
oriented and more client-oriented, less neutral and
more normative, but it should be no less scientific all
the time.
All these developments led to the rise of an
independent field of public administration