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psy-phobic anxiety disorder.pptx
- 1. PHOBIC ANXIETY DISORDERS ✩𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘:- 𝐀𝐍𝐔𝐒𝐇𝐀 3𝐫𝐝 𝐘𝐄𝐀𝐑 𝐁.𝐒𝐂 𝐍𝐔𝐑𝐒𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐊𝐂𝐎𝐍 𝐁𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐀𝐋𝐎𝐑𝐄. ☆𝐆𝐔𝐈𝐄𝐃𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘:- 𝐊.𝐌𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐔 𝐒𝐈𝐑 𝐀𝐒𝐒𝐓.𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐅𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐎𝐑 𝐊𝐂𝐎𝐍 𝐁𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐀𝐋𝐎𝐑𝐄
- 2. « CONTENTS » • Introduction • Definition • Classification • Clinical features • Diagnostic evaluation • Management • Nursing Management • Summary
- 3. 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐨 𝐩𝐡𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐧 𝐱𝐢𝐞𝐭𝐲 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐫 » • Neurotic disorder(neurosis)is a less severe form of psychiatric disorder where,patients show either excessive or prolonged emotional reaction to any given stress. • These disorders are not caused by organic disease of the brain and,however severe,do not involve hallucinations and delusions.
- 5. • Anxiety is a normal phenomena which is characterized by a state of apprehension or uneasiness arising out of anticipation of danger. ~ 𝐃𝐄𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 ~ Anxiety
- 6. • Abnormal states in which the most striking features are mental and physical symptoms of anxiety, occurring in the absence of organic brain disease or another psychiatric disorder. Anxiety disorders
- 7. Types of anxiety disorders • Generalized anxiety disorders anxiety continuous • Phobic anxiety disorders anxiety intermittent, situational • Panic disorder anxiety intermittent, unrelated to situation • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- 8. Phobic anxiety disorders Phobic anxiety disorders are neurotic disorders – A phobia is an unreasonable fear of a specific object,activity or situation.
- 9. «DEFINITION» • Phobic anxiety disorders,the individual experiences intermittent anxiety which arises in particular circumstances,i.e.in response to the phobic object or situation.
- 11. «Classification(ICD10)» • F40.0 ~ Agoraphobia • F40.1 ~ Social phobia • F40.2 ~ Specific phobias • F40.8 ~ Other phobic anxiety disorders • F40.9 ~ Phobic anxiety disorder, unspecified.
- 12. «TYPES OF PHOBIA» • 3 Syndromes: a. Simple phobia b. Social phobia c. Agoraphobia.
- 13. a. Specific phobia • It is an irrational fear of a specific object or stimulus. • Simple phobias(specific phobia) are common in childhood.
- 14. Clinical features • Irrational and persistent fear of object or situation. • Loss of control, fainting or panic response • Anticipatory anxiety, worry • Escape or avoidance from feared situation • Impaired social or work functioning
- 15. Types of specific phobia • Animals • natural environment : Height • Blood, injections, injuries: different autonomic response; tachycardia f/b vaso vagal response, tensed muscles • Situations: flying • Dental and medical situations: phobia of illness • Phobia of choking
- 17. some specific phobias.. Terminology Meaning Acrophobia Fear of height Haematophobia Fear of sight Claustrophobia Fear of closed spaces Gamophobia Fear of marriage Insectophobia Fear of insects Zoophobia Fear of animals Micro phobia Fear of germs Brontophobia Fear of thunder Algophobia Fear of pain
- 18. b. Social Phobia • It is an irrational fear of performing activities in the presence of other people or interacting with others. • E.g. speaking in public, urinating in public rest rooms.
- 20. • Onset : 17 – 30 yrs • 1 st episode in public places without apparent reason • Special mention: Phobia of excretion Phobia of vomiting
- 21. Clinical features • Avoid social situations • Avoid making conversations • Sit in least conspicuous places • Hyperventilation, sweating • Palpitations, confusion, GI symptoms • Cold clammy hands
- 22. c. Agoraphobia • Anxiety when patients are away from home, in crowds or in situations that they cannot leave easily.
- 23. Clinical features • Situational anxiety: Characterized by panic attacks and anxious cognitions about fainting and loss of control. • Avoidance of situations which provoke anxiety • 3 common themes: distance from home crowding confinement
- 25. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATIONS • No specific diagnostic test. • Diagnosis is confirmed if ICD X criteria met. • History of anxiety when exposed to anticipated specific entity or situation.
- 26. MANAGEMENT 1. Pharmacotherapy • Benzodiazepines are the treatment of choice. • T. Alprazolam class: anxiolytic Benzodiazepines dose: oral, adults: 0.25mg BD or TDS
- 27. 2. T. Diazepam • class: Benzodiazepine • dose: oral: 2-10 mg BD to QDS parental: 2 to 10 mg may be repeated in 3-4 hrs if needed.
- 28. • Along with Benzodiazepines antidepressants are also administered to patients with phobic anxiety. • Commonly used are Imipramine, Sertraline. 2. Behavior therapy 3. Pychotherapy
- 29. NURSING MANAGMENT Nursing assessment: • Assessment parameters focus on physical symptoms, precipitating factors, avoidance behavior with phobia, impact of anxiety on physical functioning etc. • History & MSE: • Assess for communication patterns • Ability to perform or complete the task. • Attention to anxiety reducing behaviors such as going to bathroom, leaving group therapy.
- 30. NURSING DIAGNOSIS 1. Fear related to a specific stimulus or causing embarrassment to self in front of others evidenced by behavior directed towards avoidance of feared object/ situation. objective: Patient will be able to function in the presence of a phobic object/ situation without experiencing panic anxiety.
- 31. • Intervention:- 1. Reassure the patient that he is safe. 2. Include patient in making decisions related to selection of alternative coping strategies. 3. Encourage the patient to explore underlying feelings that may be contributing to irrational fears.
- 32. 2. Social isolation related to fear of being in a place from which one is unable to escape evidenced by staying alone, refusing to leave room/ home. objective: Client will voluntarily spend time with other clients & staff members activities in group activities by time of discharge.
- 33. • Intervention:- 1. Attend group activities with the patient that may be frightening for him. 2. Administer anti-anxiety medications as ordered by the physician,monitor for effectiveness & adverse affects.
- 34. 𝓢𝓾𝓶𝓶𝓪𝓻𝔂