This document discusses wireless sensor networks and network security. It defines what a wireless sensor network is and common applications. It then discusses protocols used for communication between nodes, including what they are, how they perform tasks, and their role in security. The document outlines various security threats like denial of service attacks, and mechanisms to protect against them, including cryptography, key management protocols, and encryption protocols. It emphasizes the importance of security protocols for wireless sensor networks.

1.  SANJAY . D . DHANDARE Prof.
saniya ansari mam
10,oct,2014
DYPSOE PUNE

2.  INTRODUCTION.
 What is protocol.
 What is protocol mechanism.
 What is network security.
 Fundamentals of network security.
 What it means?
 Attacks on security network.
 Mechanism for security.
 Protocols for security.
 Conclusion.
 References.

3. What is a Sensor Network ?
A heterogeneous system combining tiny sensors and actuators
with general-purpose computing elements. Most consisting of
hundreds or thousands of low-power, low-cost nodes deployed to
monitor and affect the environment.
What are they used for?
 Ocean and wildlife monitoring.
 Monitoring of manufactured machinery.
 Building safety.
 Earthquake monitoring.
 Variety of military applications.
 Medical monitoring and research.

4. PROTOCOL
 “set of rules commonly employ for
proper communication in between sender
and receiver in every wireless sensor
network.

5.  The mechanism in which different protocol
performs their well defined task for healthy
communication in the sensor network.
 This is the key term used in every network to
protect from different attacks.

6. Network security is nothing but the collection
of all policies, mechanisms and services that
afford a network which required protection
from unauthorised access.

7. The network is said to be secure if it have,
 Confidentiality.
 Integrity.
 Availability.

8.  DATA CONFIDENTIALITY – data leakage to
neighboring networks must be prevent.
 DATA INTEGRITY – transmission data cannot be
modified.
 AVAILABILITY–network able to work at any time.
 DATA AUTHENTICATION – verification of
sender/receiver.

9. Following are the different attacks on security:
 Denial-of-service.
 Routing attacks.
 Data aggregation attacks.
 Privacy attacks.

10.  Attempt to stop network from proper
functioning.
 Disturbed the service provided by the network.
 It may occur at various layer of protocol :
physical layer Dos.
Data link layer Dos.

11.  What happen?
 Data is forwarded along one or more routes.
 EFFECT:
 Traffic increases at node and as a result
packets (data) can not reaches to destination.

12.  Blackhole attack.
 Rushing attacks.
 Sinkhole attacks.
 Sybil attack.
Wormhole attack

13. Reducing frequency of operation.
Reducing packets size.
Replacing real measurement by fake readings.

14.  May introduce by accessing the data store at
node.
 May occur at node which perform more
activity.
 The traffic analysis can be used to identify the
important nodes.

15.  Cryptography :
Cryptography is a method of storing and
transmitting data in a particular form so that
only those for whom it is intended can read and
process.
The term plaintext is often used which means
ordinary text sometimes referred as cipher text
called as encryption and back again called
decryption

16.  SYMMETRIC CRYPTOGRAPHY:
 A encryption system in which the sender and
receiver of a messages share a single key that
is used to encrypt and descrypt the data.
 PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY;
 It uses two keys a public key to encrypt the
massage and a private key to descrypt them.

18. It is nothing but reliable and secure
establishment of shared keys among
neighbouring nodes in a network.
In this approach every sensor shares different
pairwise key with each other. Hence the sensor
network can be represented as matrix with rows
and column.

20. Dos attacks.
Aggregation attacks.
Routing attacks

21.  Encryption protocol.
 Same message is encrypted differently at each time.
 tinySec protocol.
 It supports two mechanism :
 Authentication encryption.
 Authentication only.
 Localized encryption and Authentication protocol.

22. It provide four keying mechanism as follows,
 Individual key .
 Group key.
 Cluster key.
 Pairwise key.

23.  from above discussion we conclude that the
security is a important issue in a wireless
sensor network and can be introduced by using
a standard protocol and mechanism to prevent
unauthorised access.

24.  Dargie w and poellabaur fundamentals of
wireless sensor networks :theory and practise
john wiley and sons 2010 .
 Protocols and architectures for wireless sensor
networks holger karl andreas willig 2007.
 And E-journals .