1. A prosthesis is a device that replaces a missing body part and can support existing limbs.
2. There are two main types of prostheses - body-powered which use cables for control, and externally powered which use electric motors.
3. Prostheses aim to restore appearance and function as much as possible. Terminal devices like hooks aim to replicate different grips.
Wheelchair is truly is mobility orthosis.
A properly prescribed wheelchair can be useful device in reintegrating a person with a disability into the community.
A complete description of the lower limb orthosis is available in the following presentation with an in depth understanding of the same.It covers the ankle foot orthosis,Knee orthosis the knee ankle foot orthosis and hip orthosis.
gait assesment is a critical componet of physiotehrapy assesemnt. physiotherapist does qualitative and quantitative assesment to find impairements.
It includes observational gait analysis, spatiotemporal parameters.
Well explained slides about lower limb prosthesis of knee and hip after transfemoral ans transtibial amputation. Hip disarticulation and bilateral amputation not discussed
Prosthesis upper limb and lower limb.pptxBadalverma11
Physiotherapy- Complete details about prosthesis both upper and lower limb, and training and physiotherapy management #gait training #sports
Contents-
Introduction
Purpose
Components
Upper limb- above elbow And below elbow, socket, cable mechanism, elbow and wrist unit, hand/terminal device
Lower limb- above knee, below knee and syme prosthesis
Socket- quadrilateral, PTB
Knee and ankle unit
Foot
Physiotherapy management -
First therapy, muscle strengthening, mobility
Training of don and doff , care of. Stump and bandaging
Gait training and sports
@cpu
Wheelchair is truly is mobility orthosis.
A properly prescribed wheelchair can be useful device in reintegrating a person with a disability into the community.
A complete description of the lower limb orthosis is available in the following presentation with an in depth understanding of the same.It covers the ankle foot orthosis,Knee orthosis the knee ankle foot orthosis and hip orthosis.
gait assesment is a critical componet of physiotehrapy assesemnt. physiotherapist does qualitative and quantitative assesment to find impairements.
It includes observational gait analysis, spatiotemporal parameters.
Well explained slides about lower limb prosthesis of knee and hip after transfemoral ans transtibial amputation. Hip disarticulation and bilateral amputation not discussed
Prosthesis upper limb and lower limb.pptxBadalverma11
Physiotherapy- Complete details about prosthesis both upper and lower limb, and training and physiotherapy management #gait training #sports
Contents-
Introduction
Purpose
Components
Upper limb- above elbow And below elbow, socket, cable mechanism, elbow and wrist unit, hand/terminal device
Lower limb- above knee, below knee and syme prosthesis
Socket- quadrilateral, PTB
Knee and ankle unit
Foot
Physiotherapy management -
First therapy, muscle strengthening, mobility
Training of don and doff , care of. Stump and bandaging
Gait training and sports
@cpu
A Project On Robotic Exoskeleton Arm (3) (2) 2.ppthuzefa ansari
Exoskeleton is an outer framework that can be worn on a biological arm. It is powered by actuators and can provide assistance or increase the strength of the biological arm, depending on the power of the actuator. Electromyography(EMG) is the suitable approach for human-machine interface with the help of exoskeleton.
When working with EMG we actually measure the motor unit action potential [MUAP] generated in the muscle fibers. This potential builds up in the muscles when it receives a signal from the brain to contract or relax.
Bionic arm is a revolutionary idea for amputees across the globe. This is as close as we can get to our natural limb. The fundamental point is to make the arm move with our brain unlike previous prosthetic upper limbs
Advancements in upper extremity prosthesesRajnish Sharma
Prosthetics refers to the design, fabrication, and fitting of custom-made artificial limbs or other types of assistive devices for patients who have lost limbs as a result of traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, or congenital disorders.
UPPER EXTREMITY ROBOTICS EXOSKELETON: APPLICATION, STRUCTURE AND ACTUATIONijbesjournal
Robotic exoskeleton is getting important to human in many aspects such as power assist, muscle training, regain motor function and rehabilitation. The research and development towards these functions are expected to be combined and integrated with the human intelligent and machine power, eventually becoming another generation of robot which will enhance the machine intelligent and human power. This paper reviews the upper extremity exoskeleton with different functions, actuators and degree of freedom (DOF). Among the functions, rehabilitation and power assist have been highlighted while pneumatic actuator, pneumatic muscle, motor and hydraulic actuator are presented under the categories of actuator. In addition, the structure of exoskeleton is separated by its DOF in terms of shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand
UPPER EXTREMITY ROBOTICS EXOSKELETON: APPLICATION, STRUCTURE AND ACTUATIONijbesjournal
Robotic exoskeleton is getting important to human in many aspects such as power assist, muscle training, regain motor function and rehabilitation. The research and development towards these functions are expected to be combined and integrated with the human intelligent and machine power, eventually becoming another generation of robot which will enhance the machine intelligent and human power. This paper reviews the upper extremity exoskeleton with different functions, actuators and degree of freedom (DOF). Among the functions, rehabilitation and power assist have been highlighted while pneumatic actuator, pneumatic muscle, motor and hydraulic actuator are presented under the categories of actuator. In addition, the structure of exoskeleton is separated by its DOF in terms of shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand.
Prosthetic management of individuals with upper extremity
amputations presents all health professionals, including
prosthetists and therapists, with a set of unique challenges.
For those wearing an upper extremity prosthesis, the terminal
device (TD) of the prosthesis is not covered or obscured
by clothing in the same way that a lower extremity prosthesis
is “hidden” by pants, socks, and shoes. The person with
upper extremity amputation must cope with not only physical
appearance changes, but the loss of some of the most
complex movement patterns and functional activities of
the human body.
In addition, upper extremity limb loss deprives the patient
of an extensive and valuable system of tactile and proprioceptive
inputs that previously provided “feedback” to guide and
refine functional movement. Even the simplest tasks
related to grasp and release become challenging. The ability
to position the prosthetic limb segments in space, as well as
the ability to maintain advantageous postures needed to
manipulate objects, challenge the medical community to
continuously improve the functional and aesthetic outcomes
of prostheses for patients in this population.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
1. SUBMITTED TO : DR. SHABNAM
SUBMITTED BY : MANOJ PUROHIT
170171720001
2. PROSTHESIS
• A prosthesis is a device that is designed to
replace, as much as possible, the function or
appearance of a missing limb or body part.
• It is a device that is designed to support,
supplement, or augment the function of an
existing limb or body part.
3. Functional prosthesis generally can be divided into
the following two categories
1. Body-powered prosthesis - Cable controlled
2. Externally powered prosthesis – Electrically
powered
•Myo-electric prosthesis
•Switch-controlled prosthesis
4. Body-powered prosthesis (cables) usually are of
moderate cost and weight.
They are the most durable prostheses and have
higher sensory feedback.
A body-powered prosthesis is more often less
cosmetically pleasing than a myoelectrically
controlled type is, and it requires more gross limb
movement.
Body Powered Prosthesis
5. Externally Powered Prosthesis
Prosthesis powered by electric motors may provide
more proximal function and greater grip strength,
along with improved cosmesis, but they can be heavy
and expensive.
Patient-controlled batteries and motors are used to
operate these prosthesis. Currently available designs
generally have less sensory feedback and require
more maintenance than body-powered prosthesis.
Externally powered prosthesis require a control
system. The two types of commonly available control
systems are myoelectric and switch control
6. A typical example of a transradial (below-elbow) prosthesis
includes a voluntary opening split hook, a friction wrist, a
double-walled, plastic-laminate socket, a flexible elbow
hinge, a single–control-cable system, a triceps cuff, and a
figure-8 harness.
TYPICAL COMPONENTS BODY-POWERED
PROSTHESIS
• Socket
• Suspension
• Control-cable system
• Terminal device
• Components for any interposing joints as needed according
to the level of amputation
7. The socket of an upper extremity prosthesis typically has a
dual-wall design fabricated from lightweight plastic or
graphite composite materials.
In this design, a rigid inner socket is fabricated to fit the
patient's residual limb and the second, outer wall is added,
designed to be the same length and contour as the opposite,
sound limb.
Comfort and function are directly tied to the fit of the inner
socket. An alternative approach parallels the rigid frame,
flexible liner approach sometimes used in lower extremity
socket fabrication.
The inner socket is fabricated from flexible plastic materials
to provide appropriate contact and fit. Surrounding the
flexible liner, a rigid frame is utilized for structural support
and for attaching the necessary cables and joints as needed.
The windows in the outer socket allow movement, permit
relief over bony prominences, and enhance comfort.
Socket
8. The suspension system must hold the prosthesis
securely to the residual limb, as well as
accommodate and distribute the forces associated
with the weight of the prosthesis and any
superimposed lifting loads.
Suspension systems can be classified as follows:
• Harnessed-based systems.
• Self-suspending sockets.
• Suction sockets.
Suspension
9. The major function of the hand that a prosthesis
tries to replicate is grip (prehension).
The 5 different types of grips are as follows
Precision grip
Tripod grip
Lateral grip
Hook power grip
Spherical grip
TERMINAL DEVICE
10.
11. MYOELECTRIC PROSTHESIS
A myoelectric prosthesis uses signals or potentials from
muscles through electromyography, within a persons stump.
The signals are picked up by electrodes on the surface of the
skin which activates a battery-driven motor that operates a
prosthetic component, like the finger.
Control of the motor regulates the extent or speed of the
prosthesis, such as elbow flexion or extension, or opening
and closing of the fingers of the terminal device
12. ADVANTAGES
• Use of natural muscle stimuli.
• More accurate control with less energy expenditure.
• Eliminates the shoulder harness.
• Decreased body movement to control prosthesis.
• The myoelectric prosthesis provides more mobility,
pinch force, and cosmetic appearance than body powered
prostheses.
13. DISADVANTAGES
• They are very expensive
• In the event of a breakdown, it needs very skilled technical
backup to repair. Also they need servicing on a regular basis
• Component operation is noisy and slow.
• The energy source is from a battery, which would have to be
recharged regularly.
• Lack of proprioceptive feedback as from the harness in body
powered systems.
• It is heavy, It cannot control fine rhythmic and fast
movements.
• There is poor control of co-contracting muscles and poor
motor control.
• Myoelectric components get dysfunctional in water or
around magnetic or electronic fields.
• The cosmetic/protective gloves get dirty very easily
14.
15. BIOMECHTRONIC HAND
The objectives of the work of an bio mechtronic is to
develop an artificial hand which can be used for
functional substitution of the natural hand and for
humanoid robotics application.
The artificial hand is designed for replicating sensory
motor capabilities of human hand.
Commercially available prosthetic devices, such as
Otto bock sensor hand, as well as multifunctional
hand designs are far from providing the grasping
capabilities of human hand.
16. In prosthetic hands active bending is restricted to two or
three joints which are actuated by single motor drive
acting simultaneously on the metacarpo-phalangeal
joints of the thumb, of the index and of the middle
finger while other joints can bend only passively.
This limitation in dexterity is mainly due to the very
basic requirement of limited size and weight necessary
for prosthetic applications.
On the other hand robotics have achieved high level
performance in grasping and manipulation, but they
make use of large controllers which are not applicable in
prosthetics or humanoid robotics where it is necessary
to provide the user with wearable artificial hand.
17. BIO MECHATRONIC DESIGN
The main requirements to be considered since the
very beginning of artificial hand design are the
following : natural appearance, controllability,
noiselessness, lightness and low energy consumption.
These requirements can be fulfilled by implementing
an integrated design approach aimed at embedding
different functions within a housing closely
replicating the shape, size and appearance of human
hand.
This approach can be synthesized by the term
biomechatronic design.
18. ARCHITETECTURE OF THE BIOMECHATRONIC HAND
The biomechatronic hand will be equipped with three
finger to provide a tripod grasp : two identical finger.
The finger actuator system is based on two micro –
actuators, which drive the MP and the PIP joints
respectively ; for cosmetic reason ,both actuator are
fully integrated in the hand structure: the first in the
palm and the second within the proximal phalange.
The grasping task performed by the biomechatronic
hand is divided in the subsequent phases:
1. Reaching and shape-adapting phases;
2. Grasping phase with thumb opposition