Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Nurses play an important role in educating patients about prostate cancer screening, treatment options including surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, and caring for patients undergoing various treatments. Key responsibilities of nurses include assessing patients for side effects, providing wound and catheter care after surgery, instructing patients on skin care during radiation, and helping patients manage symptoms of treatments like hot flashes and incontinence to maximize quality of life. A multidisciplinary team approach with nursing support is important for optimal prostate cancer care.
Prostate cancer or tumor is the most common cancer in men other than non-melanoma skin cancer.
The majority (more than 75%) of cases occur in men over age 65.
Risk factors for prostate cancer including increasing age, the incidence of prostate cancer increase rapidly after the age of 50 years. And more than 70% cases occur in men older than 65 year of age.
Cancer of Prostate- Easy PPT for Nursing StudentsSwatilekha Das
Cancer of Prostate- Easy PPT for Nursing Students
Definition & picture
Risk factors
Clinical manifestations
Assessment & diagnostic methods
Medical management
Surgical Management
-Radical prostatectomy
Radiation therapy
Hormone therapy
Other therapies
Thank you
Prostate cancer or tumor is the most common cancer in men other than non-melanoma skin cancer.
The majority (more than 75%) of cases occur in men over age 65.
Risk factors for prostate cancer including increasing age, the incidence of prostate cancer increase rapidly after the age of 50 years. And more than 70% cases occur in men older than 65 year of age.
Cancer of Prostate- Easy PPT for Nursing StudentsSwatilekha Das
Cancer of Prostate- Easy PPT for Nursing Students
Definition & picture
Risk factors
Clinical manifestations
Assessment & diagnostic methods
Medical management
Surgical Management
-Radical prostatectomy
Radiation therapy
Hormone therapy
Other therapies
Thank you
Cancer of liver usually results from metastasis from a primary cancer at a distant location.
The liver is likely area of involvement i.e. cancer originated in the esophagus, lungs ,breast, stomach, colon, pancreas, kidney, bladder etc.Hepatic tumor may be malignant or benign.
cancer of breast , this slide cointains detailed information about the breast cancer that is definition, causes and risk factor, sign and symptoms, management of patient with cancer , giving psychological support .treatment
Cancer of liver usually results from metastasis from a primary cancer at a distant location.
The liver is likely area of involvement i.e. cancer originated in the esophagus, lungs ,breast, stomach, colon, pancreas, kidney, bladder etc.Hepatic tumor may be malignant or benign.
cancer of breast , this slide cointains detailed information about the breast cancer that is definition, causes and risk factor, sign and symptoms, management of patient with cancer , giving psychological support .treatment
Prostate - Excellent Illustrations / Must Watch & Prevent. ery Useful Information. DO NOT MISS to view and read the attached presentation. Please pass it on to your family & friends. Shared via "Sharifah Khatijah Syed Abdul Rahman Al-Attas" <sh_khatijah@yahoo.com
Overview and Pharmacotherapy of Prostate Cancer (based on NCCN 2012 guideline...hyunik116
This presentation was the prostate cancer lecture for the oncology therapeutics course (31:725:560) that was presented to the class of 2014 PharmD students at the Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy.
I really enjoyed researching and preparing this lecture for the students, and hope you also will find at least something useful in this presentation.
An enlarged prostate is the slow growth of the prostate gland, which is involved in the production of seminal fluid and reproductive function in men. The prostate wraps around the tube that transports urine out of the bladder. It is very common for the prostate gland to become enlarged as a man ages. An enlarged prostate is also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BPH is generally not caused by infection or cancer.
As a man matures, the prostate grows. At puberty, the prostate doubles in size. At about age 25, the prostate gland grows again, and this can lead to an enlarged prostate as a man enters his 40s (Source: NIDDK).
An enlarged prostate many not cause any symptoms or noticeable problems in some men. However, as men age, an enlarged prostate may grow to the point where it presses on the bladder and urethra, causing urine flow to be slower and less forceful. Symptoms of enlarged prostate are very common in men in the 60s and extremely common in men in their 70s and 80s.
If an enlarged prostate prevents complete emptying of your bladder, it may lead to a urinary tract infection or permanent damage to your bladder, including the inability to control urination (incontinence). The earlier the enlarged prostate is found, the more effective treatment will be, lowering the risk for complications.
Endometrial cancer is a type of uterine cancer that starts in the inner lining of the uterus. This lining is called the endometrium.
According to the National Cancer Institute, approximately 3 in 100 women will be diagnosed with uterine cancer at some point in their lives. More than 80 percent of people with uterine cancer survive for five years or longer after receiving the diagnosis.
If you have endometrial cancer, early diagnosis and treatment increases your chances of remission.
Chair and Presenters Sumanta Kumar Pal, MD, FASCO, Prof. Laurence Albiges, MD, PhD, and David F. McDermott, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to renal cell carcinoma for this CME/MOC/AAPA activity titled “Leveling Up Our RCC Care Strategy: Real-World Translation of Key Evidence Across Treatment Settings.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3LtPuyF. CME/MOC/AAPA credit will be available until December 10, 2024.
Nulife module 7 controversies and conclusions editedManinder Ahuja
These six modules from 2-7 are on mid life health care of women and were made with intention of training general gynecologist and other speciality into care of mid life women and have Mid Life OPD cards as mainstay of care.
menstrual manipulation for adolescents with disabilityMini Sood
A presentation of aspects of menstrual care in adolescents including those with disability. Slides for medical students who may encounter young patients who are unable to mange their menses efficiently
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Maxilla, Mandible & Hyoid Bone & Clinical Correlations by Dr. RIG.pptx
Prostate cancer
1. PROSTATE CANCER: ROLE OF
ONCOLOGY NURSE
Ms Tarika Sharma
MSN, RN, RM
Nursing Tutor
M M College Of Nursing
Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala
Haryana (INDIA)
2. Introduction
Prostate cancer is a slowly progressing disease,
and many men die of old age without ever
knowing they have it. Prostate cancer is caused
by changes in the DNA of a prostatic cell.
3. Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is the second most
common cause of cancer and the sixth
leading cause of cancer death among men
worldwide.
Ferlay, J., Shin, H.R., Bray, F., et al. Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC Cancer Base
No. 10.International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
4.
5. Prostate is the second leading site of cancer
among males in large Indian cities like Delhi,
Kolkatta, Pune and Thi'puram
third leading site of cancer in cities like
Bangalore and Mumbai and
among the top ten leading sites of cancers in
the rest of the India.
6. The data shows that almost all regions of India
are equally affected by this cancer.
The cancer projection data shows that the
number of cases will become doubled by 2020.
7. Prostate Gland
A sex gland in men
Size of a walnut
Responsible for producing fluid that sperm
travels in
Located in front of the rectum, below the
bladder
Wraps around the urethra
8. Prostate cancer: facts
About 1 in 6 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer
during their lifetime.
Prostate cancer occurs primarily in older men. Nearly two-
thirds of men diagnosed with prostate cancer are 65 or older.
There are no consistent or noticeable symptoms of prostate
cancer while it is still in the early stages.
9. Prostate cancer: facts…
Every man over 50 and 40 with a family history of the
disease should resolve to be screened annually for
prostate cancer.
Screening for prostate cancer takes less than 10
minutes. Screening for men over 70 years old maybe
unnecessary, especially if there are co-morbidities.
15. GRADING
Graded according to the degree of differentiation of the tumor
cells. For prostatic adenocarcinomas, the most widely used
tumor grading system is the Gleason system.
26. MASCULINITY AND HEALTHCARE
SEEKING
Many men tend to seek healthcare only when they are in crisis
situations.
Sickness is viewed as a vulnerability opposite to masculinity, and
men often come to view themselves as immune to disease.
Some lifestyle factors to consider that are known to have overall
health benefits. These may include a diet low in fat (especially
animal fat); a diet high in vegetables, fruits, and legumes; being
physically active; and staying at a healthy weight
28. Caring for the patient undergoing biopsy
Any course of prescribed antibiotics should be fully completed
Strenuous exercise such as jogging, heavy lifting, golfing, and bike
riding should be avoided for at least seven days.
Drinking at least six glasses of water a day for the first few days
There can be bleeding from the rectum after the biopsy and blood in
the urine.
29. Caring for the patient undergoing biopsy…
Sexual activity can be resumed after 7 days.
Blood in the semen can persist for 6 weeks or more.
A hot bath after the biopsy can help relieve the pressure and spasms that
may occur.
Acetaminophen can be taken for pain relief if approved by the physician.
Notify the physician promptly in the case of:
– Fever of 101 °F or greater, shaking, or chills
– Heavy rectal bleeding, clots, or bleeding that continues longer than 2 to 3 days
– Pure bloody stools
– Increased urinary pain, frequency, or burning
– Inability to urinate within 8 hours
– Blood in the urine for longer than 2 to 3 days
30. Nursing Care: Surgical Prostatectomy
Preoperative
Reduce anxiety.
Relieve discomfort
Provide instruction regarding anatomy, surgical
procedure, and postoperative expectations.
Prepare the patient for surgery. This may include
application of antiembolic stockings, administering an
enema, and prophylactic antibiotics.
31. Nursing Care: Surgical Prostatectomy …
Intraoperatively
Act as a patient advocate.
Prioritize the needs of patients undergoing the surgical
procedure.
Keep a watchful eye on aseptic techniques and procedures to
create a secure environment that will promote wound
healing, recovery, and well-being.
Apply principles of sterile technique.
Ensure the presence of a safe environment in the OR.
32. Nursing Care: Surgical Prostatectomy …
Postoperatively,
Maintain fluid balance and document intake and output, including
fluid used to irrigate the catheter.
Assess for electrolyte imbalance.
Monitor vital signs.
Observe for signs of confusion or respiratory distress.
Relieve pain by administering analgesics as ordered and evaluating
effectiveness.
Increase mobility beginning with early ambulation.
Assess for bladder spasms.
Monitor wound drainage and provide wound care as needed.
33. Nursing Care: Surgical Prostatectomy …
Postoperatively
Provide meticulous catheter and tube care.
Avoid constipation
Provide reassurance and explanations of care to patient and significant
others.
Maintain nutritional status by monitoring intake and encouraging protein-
and calorie-rich foods.
Observe for potential complications, including:
– Hemorrhage, Infection, DVT etc
Assess for emotional or psychological problems in patient, partner, and
family.
Educate patient and significant others regarding discharge and self-care.
34. Caring for the Patient Receiving Radiation
Therapy
Advise the pt to report if fever over 100 °F, burning or difficulty
with urination, excessive bleeding or clots in the urine, or rectal
bleeding.
For external beam radiation therapy, importance of skin care,
washing the skin gently with mild soap, rinse with warm water, and
pat dry (do not rub) daily.
Instruct the patient to avoid applying any lotions, perfumes,
deodorants, or powder to the treatment area.
Instruct the patient to wear soft, nonrestrictive cotton clothing
directly over the treatment area.
35. Caring for the Patient Receiving Radiation
Therapy…
Skin in the treatment area should be protected from
sunlight and extreme cold.
Persons receiving brachytherapy may have temporary
or permanent implantation of the radioactive seeds.
Patients with Temporary implants should have
limited exposure to others.
36. Caring for the Patient Receiving Radiation
Therapy…
Nurses must instruct the patient as follows:
– Observe for lost seeds in linens.
– Do not use fingers to pick up the seeds. Use tweezers
or tongs to pick them up and place the lost seeds in a
container of water or wrap them tightly in aluminum
foil.
– Take lost seeds to the radiation oncology department
at the hospital.
37. Caring for the Patient Receiving
Cryotherapy
Routine recovery monitoring, including vital signs, pain
management.
When stabilized, ambulation should be done, and when
the patient is ready for discharge, instructions should
include:
Caring for the catheter and tubing
Caring for the needle insertion sites, keeping the areas
clean and dry
Specific bathing instructions according to the provider’s
protocol
38. Caring for the Patient Receiving
Cryotherapy…
Notifying the healthcare provider if the patient experiences:
– Fever and/or chills
– Redness, swelling, bleeding, or other drainage from any needle
insertion sites
– Increase in pain around the insertion sites
Avoiding driving until given approval from his provider
Appointment for follow-up and catheter removal should be
made prior to discharge.
39. Caring for the Patient Receiving ADT (Androgen
Deprivation Therapy.)
Hot flashes
estrogen, progestin
Other helpful measures for hot flashes include:
– Avoiding alcohol and caffeine
– Avoiding nicotine
– Avoiding spicy foods
– Avoiding eating large meals
– Exercising regularly
– Using a fan
– Wearing cotton clothes
– Taking warm baths or showers instead of hot
40. Caring for the Patient Receiving ADT (Androgen
Deprivation Therapy)…
Lifestyle modifications
smoking cessation,
decreased alcohol intake,
supplementation with calcium and vitamin D (for
Osteoporosis)
Exercise may also help reduce loss of muscle mass,
weight gain, fatigue, and metabolic syndrome.
Weight loss and diet changes
41. Caring for the Patient Receiving
Chemotherapy
Patient assessment for nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, hair loss,
mouth sores, diarrhea, evidence of infection, pain, psychological state, and
quality of life.
Assess for emotional and spiritual issues, as recurrent and advanced
cancers bring end-of-life issues to the fore.
The patient, partner, and family can be referred for counseling.
Infection prevention tips
Importance of Hand washing
Maintaining optimum nutrition, adequate rest,, and perform good oral
hygiene.
44. Urinary Incontinence
Advise the patient to:
Urinate every 2 to 4 hours and when feeling full.
Drink 6 to 8 glasses of fluid per day (if not contraindicated).
Avoid caffeinated beverages such as some sodas, coffee, and
tea.
Do not wait until the last minute to void.
Perform pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises (see below).
Avoid smoking, which causes overactivity of the bladder
45. Conclusion
A multidisciplinary team approach is necessary in the
management of prostate cancer. Nurses play a key role
throughout the disease continuum, helping maintain the
highest quality of life possible for each patient.
Previously it was thought, that prevalence of prostate cancer in India is far lower as compared to the
western countries but with the increased migration of rural population to the urban areas, changing life
styles, increased awareness, and easy access to medical facility, more cases of prostate cancer are being
picked up and it is coming to the knowledge that we are not very far behind the rate from western
countries. The cancer registries are reporting some new information and we can see that we are going to
face a major increase in cancer incidences in the coming years.
Grading
Cancers are graded by a pathologist according to the degree of differentiation of the tumor cells. For prostatic adenocarcinomas, the most widely used tumor grading system is the Gleason system.
The Gleason system assigns a grade based on the degree to which the cells in the cancerous tissue look like normal prostate tissue. The cell patterns are graded from 1 (a normal-looking glandular structure) to 5 (no recognizable glandular pattern). Most biopsied tissues are grade 3 or higher.
Since prostate cancers often have areas with different grades, a grade is assigned to the two areas that make up most of the cancer. These two grades are then added together to produce a Gleason score between 2 and 10.
GLEASON SYSTEMScoreGrade≤6Well-differentiated or low-grade7Moderately differentiated or intermediate-grade8 to 10Poorly differentiated or high-gradeThe higher the Gleason score, the more likely it is that the cancer will grow and spread quickly.
Staging: Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM)
The TNM staging system is a way to describe how far the cancer has spread. The stage or extent of a cancer is important to know in order to choose the best treatment for the patient and to develop a prognosis. The stage is based on the results of the prostate biopsy Gleason score, the PSA levels, and any other tests or exams done to determine how far the cancer has spread.
Cancers are staged according to the size of the primary lesion (T), its extent of spread to regionallymph nodes (N), and the presence or absence of distant metastases (M). The results of these categories range from 0 to 4 for T, 0 to 3 for N, and 0 to 1 for M
For: Stages I & II, accelerated growthProcedure: Surgical removal of the entire prostateProcedure: ~ 3 hours, invasive
For: Stages I & II, accelerated growthProcedure: Templates and ultrasound guidance are used to place radioactive seeds/catheters into the prostate to irradiate the glandProcedure: ~ 1 hours, minimally invasive
Preoperative nursing interventions for patients who are admitted for prostate surgery include:
Reduce anxiety. Clarify expected outcomes and allow verbalization of feelings.
Relieve discomfort if present preoperatively. Offer pain relief measures, assist with voiding. Insert catheter if ordered.
Provide instruction regarding anatomy, surgical procedure, and postoperative expectations.
Prepare the patient for surgery. This may include application of antiembolic stockings, administering an enema, and prophylactic antibiotics.
Intraoperatively, the nurse’s role and responsibilities include the following:
Act as a patient advocate.
Prioritize the needs of patients undergoing the surgical procedure.
Keep a watchful eye on aseptic techniques and procedures to create a secure environment that will promote wound healing, recovery, and well-being.
Apply principles of sterile technique.
Ensure the presence of a safe environment in the OR.
Postoperatively, the role of the nurse is to:
Maintain fluid balance and document intake and output, including fluid used to irrigate the catheter.
Assess for electrolyte imbalance.
Monitor vital signs.
Observe for signs of confusion or respiratory distress.
Relieve pain by administering analgesics as ordered and evaluating effectiveness.
Increase mobility beginning with early ambulation.
Assess for bladder spasms.
Monitor wound drainage and provide wound care as ordered.
Provide meticulous catheter and tube care.
Offer prune juice and stool softeners to avoid constipation and straining.
Provide reassurance and explanations of care to patient and significant others.
Maintain nutritional status by monitoring intake and encouraging protein- and calorie-rich foods.
Observe for potential complications, including:
Hemorrhage
Infection
DVT
Pulmonary embolism
Catheter obstruction
Emotional distress and/or depression
Assess for emotional or psychological problems in patient, partner, and family.
Educate patient and significant others regarding discharge and self-care.