Prosocial behavior, or intent to benefit others, is a social behavior that "benefit other people or society as a whole","such as helping, sharing, donating, co-operating, and volunteering". Obeying the rules and conforming to socially accepted behaviors (such as stopping at a "Stop" sign or paying for groceries) are also regarded as prosocial behaviors. These actions may be motivated by empathy and by concern about the welfare and rights of others, as well as for egoistic or practical concerns, such as one's social status or reputation, hope for direct or indirect reciprocity, or adherence to one's perceived system of fairness. It may also be motivated by altruism, though the existence of pure altruism is somewhat disputed, and some have argued that this falls into philosophical rather than psychological realm of debate. Evidence suggests that pro sociality is central to the well-being of social groups across a range of scales, including schools. Prosocial behavior in the classroom can have a significant impact on a student's motivation for learning and contributions to the classroom and larger community. In the workplace, prosocial behaviour can have a significant impact on team psychological safety, as well as positive indirect effects on employee's helping behaviors and task performance. Empathy is a strong motive in eliciting prosocial behavior, and has deep evolutionary roots.
Prosocial behavior fosters positive traits that are beneficial for children and society. It helps many beneficial functions by bettering production of any league and its organizational scale. Evolutionary psychologists use theories such as kin-selection theory and inclusive fitness as an explanation for why prosocial behavioral tendencies are passed down generationally, according to the evolutionary fitness displayed by those who engaged in prosocial acts. Encouraging prosocial behavior may also require decreasing or eliminating undesirable social behaviors.
Although the term "prosocial behavior" is often associated with developing desirable traits in children, the literature on the topic has grown since the late 1980s to include adult behaviors as well. The term "prosocial" has grown into a world-wide movement, using evolutionary science to create real-world pro-social changes from working groups to our whole culture.
prosocialbehaviour
Voluntary actions that are intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals”
It is performed to benefit others by helping, sharing or comforting.
ALTRUISM:
Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
When one person helps another person for
no reward, and even at some cost to oneself. This cost can be time, energy, effort or wealth etc.
Altruism involves no benefit of helper and hence it is selfless help.
prosocialbehaviour
Voluntary actions that are intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals”
It is performed to benefit others by helping, sharing or comforting.
ALTRUISM:
Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
When one person helps another person for
no reward, and even at some cost to oneself. This cost can be time, energy, effort or wealth etc.
Altruism involves no benefit of helper and hence it is selfless help.
According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings" (1985).
Briefly this field has been discussed.
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Introduction to Social Psychology
I used local and foreign books. Some concepts are not mentioned here in my slides but will be discussed during our session.
If you want to know the resources feel free to comment below.
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Introduction
Types of prosocial behaviour
Proactive
Reactive
Altruistic
Examples
Factors affecting proactive behaviour
External factors
Situational factors
Internal factors
Why do people fail to help in emergency
Bystander effect
ALTRUISM AND HELPING OTHER SENSATION.pptxHaniJaleel
This ppt provides a brief search about altruism and helping other sensations in psychology. This document can help undergraduate students to improve their academic results.
According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings" (1985).
Briefly this field has been discussed.
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Curriculum Vitae & Resume Writing.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
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Whatsapp: +923452502478
Follow Me:
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Twitter: arguni_hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Introduction to Social Psychology
I used local and foreign books. Some concepts are not mentioned here in my slides but will be discussed during our session.
If you want to know the resources feel free to comment below.
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
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Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
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Introduction
Types of prosocial behaviour
Proactive
Reactive
Altruistic
Examples
Factors affecting proactive behaviour
External factors
Situational factors
Internal factors
Why do people fail to help in emergency
Bystander effect
ALTRUISM AND HELPING OTHER SENSATION.pptxHaniJaleel
This ppt provides a brief search about altruism and helping other sensations in psychology. This document can help undergraduate students to improve their academic results.
Effective Altruism Essay
The Causes of Altruism Essay
Altruism In Nursing Essay
Reflection On Altruism
Altruism in Everyday Life Essay
What Is Altruism?
Effective Altruism Essay
The Causes of Altruism Essay
Altruism In Nursing Essay
Reflection On Altruism
Altruism in Everyday Life Essay
What Is Altruism?
Talks about Personality and Individual Behavoiur for educational purposes.
* Personality
* Components of Personality
* Nature of Personality
* Framework Of Personality
** Iceberg Theory
** Psychoanalytic Theory
** The Myers Brigg Type Indicators
** The Big 5 Model
* Determinants of Personality
** Biological Factors
** Social Factors
** Cultural Factors
** Situational Factors
* Individual Behaviour
** Individual Behaviour Framework
* Causes of Individual Behaviour
PSY 3140, Social Psychology 1 Course Learning Outco.docxgertrudebellgrove
PSY 3140, Social Psychology 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit VI
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Explain how social psychologists study human behavior.
3.1 Compare motivations underlying helping behaviors versus aggressive behaviors.
5. Analyze the conclusions of empirical research in social psychology.
5.1 Identify the circumstances and motivations that influence helping behaviors.
7. Examine how our own biases influence perceptions of various behaviors.
7.1 Describe how behaviors can be perceived as requiring help.
7.2 Discuss the application of the bystander effect to a social situation.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 10, pp. 303–312, 315–318, and 320–326
Chapter 11, pp. 333–339, 342–347, and 351–361
Unit VI Scholarly Activity
5.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 10, pp. 303–312, 315–318, and 320–326
Unit VI Scholarly Activity
7.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 10, pp. 303–312, 315–318, and 320–326
Unit VI Scholarly Activity
7.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 10, pp. 303–312, 315–318, and 320–326
Unit VI Scholarly Activity
Reading Assignment
Chapter 10: Helping and Prosocial Behavior, pp. 303–312, 315–318, and 320–326
Chapter 11: Aggression, pp. 333–339, 342–347, and 351–361
Unit Lesson
Helping and Prosocial Behavior
Prosocial behavior is any act done with the intention of benefiting another person or group (Heinzen &
Goodfriend, 2019). Altruism is the desire to help another person out of selfless concern for his or her well-
being. Researchers who study prosocial behavior and altruism examine whether people are born with these
behaviors or learn them. They are also interested in why people help others, even if it does not benefit them.
What do you think the difference is between prosocial behavior and altruism? Can you determine how
prosocial behavior and altruism are connected?
One explanation as to why people might help others is based on evolutionary psychology. Explaining altruistic
behavior is problematic for the theory of evolution because sometimes people act altruistically, even if it might
decrease the chance of passing their genes on to the next generation. Some people have died while helping
others, but they often do so in order to benefit their family groups more broadly. This, in turn, can ensure that
UNIT VI STUDY GUIDE
Aggression and Prosocial
Behavior
PSY 3140, Social Psychology 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
certain familial genetic pools are passed on through reproduction. Could this potentially mean that people
help even if it means they will not get something in return?
Why do you help others? Is it because you expect to be helped in the future? Recall from Chapter 7 that the
norm of reciprocity suggests that we do things to help others with the expectation of an increased likelihood
for them to help us in the future (Heinzen & Goodfriend, 2019). According to this norm, sociobiologi ...
What causes people to jeopardize their own health and well-being to help other people?
What is it that inspires individuals to give their time, energy, and money to aid in the betterment of others, even when they receive nothing tangible in return?
Altruism involves the unselfish concern for other people.
It involves doing things simply out of a desire to help, not because you feel obligated to out of duty, loyalty, or religious reasons.
Everyday life is filled with small acts of altruism, from the person who offers his own seats in a Bus OLD/LADIES to the person who gives money to a Beggar or offering blanket to the shivering person on the street.
Psychological explantion for the same has been discussed
Responsibility of a Critical Thinker in Contemporary Society 1 .docxjoellemurphey
Responsibility of a Critical Thinker in Contemporary Society 1
RESEARCH PAPER 3
Responsibility of a Critical Thinker in Contemporary Society
Dominique Noble
General Education Capstone
Candy Henry
11/23/2014
Domestic violence, depression and obesity are issues that are of most concern in any single community. This has been so due to the level of sensitivity that accompanies these issues. Every society therefore, has a survival tactic on how to handle the effects of this issues which can lead to adverse effects on a person`s self-esteem if not properly handled. Critical thinkers however have a huge role in controlling the effects of such issues.
Domestic violence is the pattern of human behavior that follows a series of violence or any other form of abuse from one person to another domestically. This involves intimate relationships, marriage or courtship and involves violence in form of battery, domestic abuse or spousal abuse. Through this violence one may acquire physical, sexual or psychological harm by physical aggression and assault that is, kicking, biting, hitting, strangling, burning or amputating.
Depression is a psychological condition mostly associated with deep thoughts and stress. It is defined as the state of having low mood leading to distractions while carrying out daily routine, behavior and feeling. This condition makes a person feel hopeless, worthless, increased anxiety and high level of irritability and restlessness. The side effects associated with depression are; one suddenly losses interest in activities that were pleasurable to him or her may experience weight loss and may even at times have loss of appetite or increased appetite.
Obesity on the other hand is a condition that is medically described as the accumulation of excess body lipids or fats to an extent of causing health problems or to an extreme of reducing the life expectancy of the patient. This condition is achieved when the body mass index exceeds 30kg/m2, with limits between 20-30 kg/m2 being considered as overweight. This condition increases the person`s risk of contracting various diseases such as heart attack, some types of cancer and even diabetes.
Literature Review
In a move to reduce the growth of the above contemporary issues, the government and concerned parties such as the activists are creating awareness on the issues. This involves ways in which to overcome situations when faced by these challenges. One of the best ways of doing so is through educating the citizens on these issues, which is done through previous published works in line with other methods. The following is a detailed literature review into the finding of other scholars on this contemporary issues discussed above and the responsibility of critical thinkers in the control of this issues.
Wilson (2009) found out that 74 percent of the women ...
A large no of people volunteer their time to help other people each year as seen in Ram Krishna Mission.
What is it that moves a person to give up their time, money, and even safety to relieve another person's suffering?
Compassion is the key.
Human suffering is inevitable, but our ability to understand and sympathize with the plight and circumstances of other people can play a major role in whether we take action to relieve this suffering.
Compassion is also a highly valued quality.
Religions stress the importance of compassion, while people often list characteristics such as "kind" and "compassionate" as what they look for in a potential partner.
Social PsychologyWe cannot live for ourselves alone. Al.docxjensgosney
Social Psychology
We cannot live for ourselves alone. All of our lives are connected by a thousand invisible threads…..
What is Social PsychologySocial Psychology: The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
Social Psychologists: Explore the connections between people by scientifically studying how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
Attribution TheoryPeople usually attribute others’ behavior either to their internal dispositions or to their external situation (is the behavior due to the person’s situation or disposition).
A teacher may wonder if a child’s hostility reflects an aggressive personality or a reaction to stress or abuse.
Problem: Fundamental Attribution Error (overestimating the influence of personality and underestimating the influence of situations)
Republican vs. Democrat (people vs. society / Katrina)
Attitudes and ActionsAttitudes are feelings, based on our beliefs, that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events.
If we believe someone is mean, we may feel dislike for the person and act unfriendly.
Attitudes Affect Action and Vice VersaOur attitudes often affect our actions.
Example of Attitude affecting Action:
Democratic leaders didn’t agree with President Bush’s decision to attack Iraq but voted in support of it anyway because of overwhelming public support for Bush.
Similarly, our actions often affect our attitudes.
Example of Action affecting Attitude:
Cult involvement (Brainwashing)
Initially you disagree but you become involved and feel acceptance based on the actions of the cult leaders and end up forming a positive opinion of the cult.
Foot-In-The-Door PhenomenonThe tendency for people who agree to a small action to comply later with a larger one.
To get people to agree to something big, start small and build.
A small thing makes the next one, although slightly larger, seem “not so bad” (i.e. stealing / gangs).
Works for good things, too (contributions).
Role playing affects attitude (you’re a parent/student now)
Zimbardo Experiment of 1972
Social InfluenceWhy do things like suicides and school violence (Columbine, etc.) come in groups?
Answer…Conformity and Obedience:
Behavior is contagious (yawn/traffic gawkers)
We are natural mimics (our attempt at feeling the way others do – this is how we learn empathy)
We’re happy around happy people and sad around sad people.
Group Pressure and ConformityDefinition of Conformity: Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Conditions that strengthen conformity:
When you are made to feel incompetent/insecure
When a group has at least three people
When the group is unanimous
When one admires the group’s status
When others in the group observe one’s behavior
i.e. sorority
Why Do We Conform?Normative Social Influence:
We are sensitive to social norms – understood rules for accepted and expected behavior – because the price we pay for being d.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. Prosocial behaviors are those intended to help other people.
These actions are characterized by a concern for the rights, feelings, and
welfare of other people.
Behaviors that can be described as Prosocial include feeling empathy
and concern for others.
It include a wide range of actions such as helping, sharing, comforting,
and cooperating.
The term itself originated during the 1970 and was introduced by social
scientists as an antonym for the term antisocial behavior.
4. Altruism is often seen as a form of Prosocial behavior, but some experts
suggest that they represent different concepts.
While Prosocial behavior is seen as a type of helping behavior that
ultimately confers some benefits to the self, altruism is viewed as a form
of helping motivated purely out of concern for the individual in need.
Others argue, however, that reciprocity actually does underline many
examples of altruism or that people engage in such seemingly selfless
behaviors for selfish reasons.
For example, a person might engage in altruism to gain the acclaim of
others or to feel good about themselves.
5. While Prosocial behavior is often presented as a single, uniform
dimension, some research suggests that are different types. These types
are distinguished based on why they are produced and include :
1. Proactive: These are Prosocial actions that serve self-benefitting
purposes.
2. Reactive: These are actions that are performed in response to
individual needs.
3. Altruistic: These include actions that are meant to help others without
any expectations of personal gain.
6. In addition to the obvious good that Prosocial actions do their recipients,
these behaviors can have a range of beneficial effects for the “helper” :
1. Mood-boosting effects : Research has also shown that people who
engage in Prosocial behaviors are more likely to experience better
moods. Not only that, people who help others tend to experience
negative moods less frequently.
2. Social support benefits : Having social support can be crucial for getting
through difficult times. Research has shown that social support can
have a powerful impact on many aspects of wellness, including
reducing the risk of loneliness, alcohol use, and depression.
7. 3. Stress-reducing effects: Research has also found that engaging in
Prosocial behaviors helps mitigate the negative emotional effects of
stress. Helping others may actually be a great way to reduce the impact
of stress in your life.
8. Psychologists suggest that there are a number of reasons why people
engage in Prosocial behavior.
1. Evolutionary influences: Evolutionary psychologists often explain
Prosocial behaviors in term of the principles of natural selection. While
putting your own safety in danger makes it less likely that you will
survive to pass on your genes, kin selection suggests that helping
members of your own genetic family make it more likely that your kin
will survive and pass on genes to future generations.
2. Personal benefits: Proscial behaviors are often seen as being
compelled by a number of factors including egoistic reasons, reciprocal
benefits and more altruistic reasons.
9. 3. Reciprocal behavior : The norm of reciprocity suggests that when
people do something helpful for someone else, that person feels
compelled to help out in return. This norm developed, evolutionary
psychologists suggest, because people who understood that helping
others might lead to reciprocal kindness were more likely to survive and
reproduce.
4. Socialization : In many cases, such behaviors are fostered during
childhood and adolescences as adults encourage childreen to share,
act kindly, and help others.
10. Experts have discovered a number of different situational variables that
contribute to Prosocial behaviors.
1. Fear of judgment or embarrassment
2. How other people respond
3. The number of people present
11. Characteristics of the situation can also have a powerful impact on
whether or not people engage in Prosocial actions.
The Bystander effect is one of the most notable examples of how the
situation can impact help others.
The bystander effect refers to the tendency for peple to become less
likely to assist a person in distress when there are a number of other
people also present.
12. Prosocial behavior can have a number of benefits.
It ensures that people who need help get the assistance they need, but it
can also help get the assistance they need, but it can also help those
performing Prosocial asctions feel better about themselves.
While there are obstacles that sometimes prevent such actions, research
suggests that acts of kindness and other Prosocial behaviors are
contagious.