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What is interpersonal
attraction?
Interpersonal attraction is traditionally defined as a
positive attitude or evaluation regarding a particular
person, including the three components conventionally
ascribed to attitudes:
 behavioral (tendency to approach the person)
 cognitive (positive beliefs about the person)
 affective (positive feelings for the person).
Factors that influence interpersonal attraction. Attraction is mediated by:-
 Physical attractiveness: People are rated more favourably if with an
attractive partner, and photos of attractive people are rated as being
more popular.
 Proximity: Research suggests that one of the best predictors is how
close people live to each other. Being in close proximity to someone is
likely to promote friendship.
 Familiarity: It also promotes familiarity and familiarity also increases
liking for something or someone.
 Similarity: Couples tend to have similar interests or outlooks, similar
psychological characteristics.For e.g. intelligence and physical attributes
Theories of Interpersonal Attraction
 1.Triangular theory of Love
 It was given by Sternberg ,according to him Love consists of 3
components:-
 Intimacy-Feelings of closeness that one has for another person i.e.
emotional ties. Like in friends they disclose everything.
 Passion-Emotional and sexual arousal a person feels towards others. Like
holding hands, loving looks and friendly hugs.
 Commitment-Decision one makes about relationship.(Short-term
relationship=”I think I’m in love” and Long-term relationship=“I want to be
with this person for the rest of my life.)
2.Reinforcement Theory
• In 1951,Homans proposed that certain characteristics are valued
among different groups that may vary between groups and individuals.
• Theory proposes that during interpersonal attractions ,a system of
costs and benefits is in operation. Benefits maybe intrinsically
rewarding such as love or social approval or they may be extrinsic.
• According to him, individuals expect the benefits of a relationship to
be proportional to their costs.
• The more the individual invests in a relationship ,the greater his/her
profits will be.
• Costs can be tangible such as time and money or social. For Eg:-
Social disapproval or rejection.
3.Social exchange Theory
 It states that when people measure the fairness of their work
outcomes relative to others any perceived in equity is a
motivating state of mind.
 It proposes that a person’s motivation to stay in any relation
is based on the equality or inequality of the contributions
made by each persons.
 Example:-Employees inputs includes experience education,
skills and time.
 Outcomes includes pay ,benefits ,recognition and rewards.
Short video on social exchange theory
3.Complementary Theory
 It states that opposite sex i.e. women are attracted to men
who have the resource to protect them ,this kind of attraction
fosters reproduction success.(Opposite attracts).
 This theory does not account for same sex.
 Unlike others ,this theory does not expect reward in a
relationship.
 The process of natural selection where humans adapt to the
environment and developed features for reproductive success.
4.Attachment Theory
 It was given by Hazan & Zeifman,1994.
 It states that in time of stress, humans are motivated to seek
figures of attachment in order to overcome stress.
 As a child if caregivers i.e. parents are available and responsive
,a sense of attachment security is developed and later a
healthy relationship is built.
 Unlike others this theory does not acknowledge natural
selection and sharing responsibilities.
Short video on Attachment theory
Submitted by:-Ayushi Karna
-Shashwat Sharma
-Komal Soni
Course :-B.A.(hons.) in Applied Psychology
Semester:-1st
Subject:-Social Psychology
Submitted to:-Dr. Payal k Chandel

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Interpersonal attraction (social psychology)

  • 1.
  • 2. What is interpersonal attraction? Interpersonal attraction is traditionally defined as a positive attitude or evaluation regarding a particular person, including the three components conventionally ascribed to attitudes:  behavioral (tendency to approach the person)  cognitive (positive beliefs about the person)  affective (positive feelings for the person).
  • 3. Factors that influence interpersonal attraction. Attraction is mediated by:-  Physical attractiveness: People are rated more favourably if with an attractive partner, and photos of attractive people are rated as being more popular.  Proximity: Research suggests that one of the best predictors is how close people live to each other. Being in close proximity to someone is likely to promote friendship.  Familiarity: It also promotes familiarity and familiarity also increases liking for something or someone.  Similarity: Couples tend to have similar interests or outlooks, similar psychological characteristics.For e.g. intelligence and physical attributes
  • 4. Theories of Interpersonal Attraction  1.Triangular theory of Love  It was given by Sternberg ,according to him Love consists of 3 components:-  Intimacy-Feelings of closeness that one has for another person i.e. emotional ties. Like in friends they disclose everything.  Passion-Emotional and sexual arousal a person feels towards others. Like holding hands, loving looks and friendly hugs.  Commitment-Decision one makes about relationship.(Short-term relationship=”I think I’m in love” and Long-term relationship=“I want to be with this person for the rest of my life.)
  • 5.
  • 6. 2.Reinforcement Theory • In 1951,Homans proposed that certain characteristics are valued among different groups that may vary between groups and individuals. • Theory proposes that during interpersonal attractions ,a system of costs and benefits is in operation. Benefits maybe intrinsically rewarding such as love or social approval or they may be extrinsic. • According to him, individuals expect the benefits of a relationship to be proportional to their costs. • The more the individual invests in a relationship ,the greater his/her profits will be. • Costs can be tangible such as time and money or social. For Eg:- Social disapproval or rejection.
  • 7.
  • 8. 3.Social exchange Theory  It states that when people measure the fairness of their work outcomes relative to others any perceived in equity is a motivating state of mind.  It proposes that a person’s motivation to stay in any relation is based on the equality or inequality of the contributions made by each persons.  Example:-Employees inputs includes experience education, skills and time.  Outcomes includes pay ,benefits ,recognition and rewards.
  • 9. Short video on social exchange theory
  • 10. 3.Complementary Theory  It states that opposite sex i.e. women are attracted to men who have the resource to protect them ,this kind of attraction fosters reproduction success.(Opposite attracts).  This theory does not account for same sex.  Unlike others ,this theory does not expect reward in a relationship.  The process of natural selection where humans adapt to the environment and developed features for reproductive success.
  • 11. 4.Attachment Theory  It was given by Hazan & Zeifman,1994.  It states that in time of stress, humans are motivated to seek figures of attachment in order to overcome stress.  As a child if caregivers i.e. parents are available and responsive ,a sense of attachment security is developed and later a healthy relationship is built.  Unlike others this theory does not acknowledge natural selection and sharing responsibilities.
  • 12. Short video on Attachment theory
  • 13. Submitted by:-Ayushi Karna -Shashwat Sharma -Komal Soni Course :-B.A.(hons.) in Applied Psychology Semester:-1st Subject:-Social Psychology Submitted to:-Dr. Payal k Chandel