Two experiments were carried out to record the progesterone (P4) profile of Nubian goats during
oestrous cycle and postpartum. In experiment I, 8 cyclic does were i.m injected with 2 doses of 125µg of
prostaglandin F2α (PG F2α) 11 days apart to synchronize oestrous. Eleven serum samples, were collected from
each doe at an interval of 2 days after the commencement of behavioral oestrous sings (day 0) and assayed for
P4 levels. The mean P4 concentration (conc.) on day 0 was 0.12 ± 0.01 ng/ml, then it increased gradually to
reach a peak of 6.03 ± 0.25 ng/ml on day 10 and it assumed a plateau over days 12 to 16. A sharp decline in P4
conc. was recorded on day 18 (0.3 ± 0.01 ng/ml) and a further drop (0.19 ± 0.00 ng/ml) ended the cycle on day
20. In experiment II, 10 parturient does were employed to study P4 profile during postpartum. Twenty one milk
samples, collected from each doe at 4 days interval starting from day 3 postpartum, were assayed for P4 levels.
The milk P 4 level remained below 0.04 ng/ml until a mean of 45 days postpartum; thereafter it increased to
attain values ≥ 1.0 ng/ml after the commencement of the first oestrus postpartum. It is concluded that P4 profile
of the Sudan Nubian goats during oestrous cycle and postpartum follows the normal trend of the P4 profile of
other breeds of goats with very minute differences in P4 conc. and the timing of peak values.
Pregnancy markers for early pregnancy diagnosisVarij Nayan
“Detection of the pregnant/ non-pregnant cow/ buffalo, heifer, as soon as possible after a successful/ unsuccessful insemination, is important to ensure good reproductive and / productive performance in dairy and beef animals”
-Omics revolution and integration of all -omics sciences with a systems approach could help find solutions towards finding early pregnancy biomarkers.
Pregnancy markers for early pregnancy diagnosisVarij Nayan
“Detection of the pregnant/ non-pregnant cow/ buffalo, heifer, as soon as possible after a successful/ unsuccessful insemination, is important to ensure good reproductive and / productive performance in dairy and beef animals”
-Omics revolution and integration of all -omics sciences with a systems approach could help find solutions towards finding early pregnancy biomarkers.
Effects of Different Catfish Pituitary Gland Extract Dosages on Eggs and Hatc...Sebastian Mosha
Abstract
An experiment w as conducted to assess the effects of different dosages of catfish pituitary glands extract (CPGE)
on eggs and hatchlings quantity of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus at a constant latency period. In this experiment,
four dosages (2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg of female) were used. Each dosage extracted from a male
(300 g to 305 g) was injected to individual female (350 g to 355 g) at three replications and a total of 12 females were
injected. The females were striped after 17 hour at 26°C to 28°C, eggs were counted and incubated. After for 24
hours of incubation at 26°C to 28°C, all hatchlings were counted and recorded. The results indicated that there were
significant differences (P<0.05) among the dosages on eggs and hatchlings quantity. Egg weight, egg number and
percentage egg weight w ere significantly (P<0.05) higher in dosage three (4 mg/kg) compared to other treatments.
Total hatchlings and percentage hatchlings produced from striped females were significantly (P<0.05) higher
compared to other dosages. In conclusion, the experiment indicated that higher eggs and hatchlings quantity at a
constant latency period are attained w ith 4 mg/kg of female. Therefore, it is recommended that for better induction of
ovulation in African catfish, 4 mg/kg of female pituitary gland extract should be used as suggested by this study.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the systematic use of a single amount of the prostaglandin F2α after one month of calving on the renewal of sexual activity of beef at Chad. (Sixty five (65) cows of local breeds from N'Djamena urban area were selected and divided Into two groups: Forty-three (43) cows were treated with Prostaglandin F2α, one month after calving and 22 cows as witnesses. More than half (60.46%) of the cows answered the treatment and 39.54% did not react. The answer varied with the parity (68%) for the first half of the cows against 32% for the multiparous but the body weight at calving did not-have an effect. Only, the acceptance of overlapping was Retained for the detection of return in heat, which took place on an average of 2.36 ± 0.14 days after treatment. The treatment made it feasible to-have-one year interval between calving (first heat of 32.36 ± 0.14 days.) Heat thus obtained, can be used as reference to the stockbreeders to program the reproduction of their herd in order to have one year interval calving-calving closed. This test sample gave better Indication in first half of the cows while waiting for confirming it in the station.
The relationship between progesterone and biochemical constituents of amnioti...Ali Olfati
Ali Olfati1, Gholamali Moghaddam1, Nasroallah Moradi Kor2*, Mitra Bakhtiari3
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
2Department of Reproduction Physiologies, Iranian Society of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Effects of Different Catfish Pituitary Gland Extract Dosages on Eggs and Hatc...Sebastian Mosha
Abstract
An experiment w as conducted to assess the effects of different dosages of catfish pituitary glands extract (CPGE)
on eggs and hatchlings quantity of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus at a constant latency period. In this experiment,
four dosages (2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg of female) were used. Each dosage extracted from a male
(300 g to 305 g) was injected to individual female (350 g to 355 g) at three replications and a total of 12 females were
injected. The females were striped after 17 hour at 26°C to 28°C, eggs were counted and incubated. After for 24
hours of incubation at 26°C to 28°C, all hatchlings were counted and recorded. The results indicated that there were
significant differences (P<0.05) among the dosages on eggs and hatchlings quantity. Egg weight, egg number and
percentage egg weight w ere significantly (P<0.05) higher in dosage three (4 mg/kg) compared to other treatments.
Total hatchlings and percentage hatchlings produced from striped females were significantly (P<0.05) higher
compared to other dosages. In conclusion, the experiment indicated that higher eggs and hatchlings quantity at a
constant latency period are attained w ith 4 mg/kg of female. Therefore, it is recommended that for better induction of
ovulation in African catfish, 4 mg/kg of female pituitary gland extract should be used as suggested by this study.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the systematic use of a single amount of the prostaglandin F2α after one month of calving on the renewal of sexual activity of beef at Chad. (Sixty five (65) cows of local breeds from N'Djamena urban area were selected and divided Into two groups: Forty-three (43) cows were treated with Prostaglandin F2α, one month after calving and 22 cows as witnesses. More than half (60.46%) of the cows answered the treatment and 39.54% did not react. The answer varied with the parity (68%) for the first half of the cows against 32% for the multiparous but the body weight at calving did not-have an effect. Only, the acceptance of overlapping was Retained for the detection of return in heat, which took place on an average of 2.36 ± 0.14 days after treatment. The treatment made it feasible to-have-one year interval between calving (first heat of 32.36 ± 0.14 days.) Heat thus obtained, can be used as reference to the stockbreeders to program the reproduction of their herd in order to have one year interval calving-calving closed. This test sample gave better Indication in first half of the cows while waiting for confirming it in the station.
The relationship between progesterone and biochemical constituents of amnioti...Ali Olfati
Ali Olfati1, Gholamali Moghaddam1, Nasroallah Moradi Kor2*, Mitra Bakhtiari3
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
2Department of Reproduction Physiologies, Iranian Society of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
The relationship between trace mineral concentrations of amniotic fluid with ...Ali Olfati
Ali Olfati1*, Gholamali Moghaddam1, Nasroallah Moradi Kor2, Behzad Baradaran3
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2Young Researchers and Elite Club, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
3Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Based on the results presented herein, a significant association was evident between regulating mating time and lambs’ sexing.
The time of mating during estrus has been recognized to influence the sex ratio of offspring.
Middle mating at 15 hours could achieve more females (84.48%) while late mating at 30 hours could attain more males (85.92%).
In addition, sexing offers clear opportunity to increase efficiency of production through modifying reproductive performance.
This research is carried out in order to improve the production of eggs in indigenous chicken by reducing the
inter-sequence stopped days through use of anti-prolactin agent (Bromocriptine) and serum from laying hen.
Sixty-four indigenous (deshi) chickens of 20-22 weeks of age, were randomly assigned into four groups (i, j, k
and l) and each group consisting of 16 hens. Control was designated as Group I and Bromocriptine orally at a
dose of 641μg/bird/day was used to treat group j, group k was treated with serum of laying kadhaknath hen
serum at a dose of 1 ml intramuscularly/bird/day and group l was treated with both Kadhaknath serum and
Bromocriptine at doses given to group j and k for the period of 15 March, 2019 to 16 June, 2019 and egg
production, stopped days, prolactin level, hematological parameter and egg qualities were observed. A
significant increase (p<0.05) in Egg production was noticed in all treated groups in comparison to the groups
which were in non- treated control and group k showed the highest production. All treatment groups depicted a
significant decrease (p<0.05) in stopped days and prolactin levels and lowest were observed in hens of group l.
In hematological values between the chicken group, no significant differences were noticed. The present study
reveals that combined treatment with Bromocriptine and serum from laying kadhaknath hen increases egg
production without affecting the health of indigenous chickens.
Fertility Response Following Induction of Lactation in Infertile Dairy Cowsijtsrd
The fertility response following induction protocol in infertile dry cows was assessed in terms of the induction of oestrus in anoestrus cows and conception in repeat breeders cows in the study. There were four anoestrous and two repeat breeder cows in G-1 out of them two anoestrus became cyclic, one repeater animal conceived after treatment protocol. Where as in G-2, three anoestrus and three repeat breeder animals given induction protocol where two anoestrous cows became cyclic and two repeaters conceived. The analysis of data revealed higher fertility response in G-2 as compared to G-1 (66.67 Vs. 50 %, respectively) with the higher conception rate (50 Vs. 33.33 %, respectively). It indicates better fertility response in G-2 as compared to G-1. K. Kumar | S. N. Shukla | S. Bhandekar | S. K. Singh | P. Inwati"Fertility Response Following Induction of Lactation in Infertile Dairy Cows" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd9615.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/9615/fertility-response-following-induction-of-lactation-in-infertile-dairy-cows/k-kumar
Effects of Ovaprim Hormone on Induced Breeding of Clarias gariepinusBRNSS Publication Hub
This study was conducted to determine the artificial breeding with application of optimum dosage of stimulatory Ovaprim hormones. Female treated with T1 (0.3), T2 (0.4), T3 (0.5), and T4(control) ml/kg/body weight. The result showed that stimulated with T3 (0.5) obtained better eggs quantity (25006) followed by T2 (0.4) (17,200), while the lowest quantity (8233) was in T1 (0.3), but T4(control) was failed. The spawning hours, fertilization and hatchability, was significantly affected by three doses (P ˂ 0.05). The hatchability hours was not significantly affected by hormone doses (P ˃ 0.05). The survival rate was significantly affected by hormone doses (P ˂ 0.05). The highest survival rates (53.67%) observed in T3 (0.5) followed by T2 (0.4) (42%) while the lowest (32.67%) in T1 (0.3).
Senegal dairy genetics: Milk yield of dairy cattle in Senegal ILRI
Poster prepared by Lotta Lassila, Karen Marshall, Patrick Jolly Ngono Ema, Isabelle Baltenweck, Jane Poole, Stanly Fon Tebug, Miika Tapio, Ayao Missohou and Jarmo Juga, June 2014.
Effect of regulating mating system on sexing of Rahmani lambing Faisal A. Alshamiry
Estrus can be divided into phases; the follicular phase 3-4 days, & the luteal phase that lasts about 14-15 days which characterized by the maturation of corpus luteum and high levels of progesterone.
Estrus: The length of estrous cycle in ewes are varied from 14-19 days.
The duration of estrus time ranges between 18 & 72 h with an average of 36 h.
The ovulation is event at 21.9 - 38.9 h with a mean 29.8 h from the onset of estrus.
An Examination of Effectuation Dimension as Financing Practice of Small and M...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Does Goods and Services Tax (GST) Leads to Indian Economic Development?iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Childhood Factors that influence success in later lifeiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Emotional Intelligence and Work Performance Relationship: A Study on Sales Pe...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Customer’s Acceptance of Internet Banking in Dubaiiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study of Employee Satisfaction relating to Job Security & Working Hours amo...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Consumer Perspectives on Brand Preference: A Choice Based Model Approachiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Student`S Approach towards Social Network Sitesiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Broadcast Management in Nigeria: The systems approach as an imperativeiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study on Retailer’s Perception on Soya Products with Special Reference to T...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study Factors Influence on Organisation Citizenship Behaviour in Corporate ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Consumers’ Behaviour on Sony Xperia: A Case Study on Bangladeshiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Design of a Balanced Scorecard on Nonprofit Organizations (Study on Yayasan P...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Public Sector Reforms and Outsourcing Services in Nigeria: An Empirical Evalu...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Media Innovations and its Impact on Brand awareness & Considerationiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Customer experience in supermarkets and hypermarkets – A comparative studyiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Social Media and Small Businesses: A Combinational Strategic Approach under t...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Secretarial Performance and the Gender Question (A Study of Selected Tertiary...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Implementation of Quality Management principles at Zimbabwe Open University (...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Organizational Conflicts Management In Selected Organizaions In Lagos State, ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
1. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)
e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372. Volume 8, Issue 1 Ver. II (Jan. 2015), PP 56-59
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/2380-08125659 www.iosrjournals.org 56 | Page
Progesterone Profile of Mature Nubian Goats
Adil Salim Elsheikh* 1, 2
, Nawal Noureldaim Omer 3
1
Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Khartoum,
Shambat, Sudan.
2
Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Community college, Najran, University, Saudi Arabia,
3
AI Center, Kuku, Sudan.
Abstract: Two experiments were carried out to record the progesterone (P4) profile of Nubian goats during
oestrous cycle and postpartum. In experiment I, 8 cyclic does were i.m injected with 2 doses of 125µg of
prostaglandin F2α (PG F2α) 11 days apart to synchronize oestrous. Eleven serum samples, were collected from
each doe at an interval of 2 days after the commencement of behavioral oestrous sings (day 0) and assayed for
P4 levels. The mean P4 concentration (conc.) on day 0 was 0.12 ± 0.01 ng/ml, then it increased gradually to
reach a peak of 6.03 ± 0.25 ng/ml on day 10 and it assumed a plateau over days 12 to 16. A sharp decline in P4
conc. was recorded on day 18 (0.3 ± 0.01 ng/ml) and a further drop (0.19 ± 0.00 ng/ml) ended the cycle on day
20. In experiment II, 10 parturient does were employed to study P4 profile during postpartum. Twenty one milk
samples, collected from each doe at 4 days interval starting from day 3 postpartum, were assayed for P4 levels.
The milk P 4 level remained below 0.04 ng/ml until a mean of 45 days postpartum; thereafter it increased to
attain values ≥ 1.0 ng/ml after the commencement of the first oestrus postpartum. It is concluded that P4 profile
of the Sudan Nubian goats during oestrous cycle and postpartum follows the normal trend of the P4 profile of
other breeds of goats with very minute differences in P4 conc. and the timing of peak values.
Keywords: Progesterone profile, oestrous cycle, postpartum, Nubian goats.
I. Introduction
The progesterone profile of the peripheral blood during oestrous cycle and postpartum period was recorded
for several breeds of goats (Ugandan East African goats (Katongole and Gombe1985); Malaysian katjang goats
and their crosses with the German improved Fawan goats (Thangavelu et al. 1985); West African Dwarf goats
(Akusu et al. 1992). Spares information about the P4 concentration (P4 conc.) during oestrous cycle of Nubian
goats in the Sudan is available (Badawi et al. 2014; Elsheikh et al. 2004). Also there are very few reports on P4
conc. during postpartum in Sudan Nubian goats (Omer 2003; Elsheikh and Yagoub, 2006; Yagoub and Elsheikh
2013; Elsheikh et al. 2014).
The objective of the current study was to record the P4 profile during oestrous cycle and postpartum in the
Sudan Nubian goats.
II. Materials And Methods
1. Animals
This study was carried in Kuku goat improvement farm in Khartoum North in Sudan (Latitude 15o
36’
N, Longitude 32o
32’ E). A total of 18 Nubian does from a single flock were used in this study. The mean
body weight of the doe is 30.68 ± 0.52 kg. Eight does were cyclic and 10 does were parturient.
2. Husbandry and management
The animals were kept in open side-sheds. The animals were fed 250 g of concentrate made at the farm
and composed of 33% groundnut cakes, 33% sorghum (Sorghum vulgar, vr. Fetarita), 33% wheat bran and 1%
sodium chloride and were offered Alfa alfa ad libitum.
2. Oestrous detection
From the beginning of the experiment a buck with excellent libido was kept with the does. Trained
personnel observed the signs of oestrus thrice a day for 30 minutes (7: 00, 13:00, and 19: 00). The doe is
considered in oestrus when it shows overt oestrous signs, such as tail waggling, bleating, mounting others and/or
allowing the buck or other does to mount her (Mackenzie, 1967).
3. Serum and milk sampling
Evacuated tubes with no anticoagulant were used to collect blood samples. Five milliliters of blood
were collected from the jugular veins of the cyclic does every other day. The blood samples were allowed to clot
and were centrifuged, within 4 hours at approximately 2500 g for 15 minutes, to separate the serum. The
2. Progesterone Profile of Mature Nubian Goats
DOI: 10.9790/2380-08125659 www.iosrjournals.org 57 | Page
separated serum was kept frozen at -20o
C. Milk samples were collected from parturient does at 4 days interval
following parturition until the does were confirmed in the luteal phase of the first postpartum oestrus. Ten
milliliters from evening milk is collected from each doe in plastic vials and preserved with one tablet of sodium
azide (100mg/10 ml). The preserved milk samples were centrifuged, at 2500 g for 15 minutes within one hour
of collection, to skim milk fat. The separated milk samples were placed in a refrigerator (4 o
C) for 15 minutes
to harden the fat layer. The fat layer was pierced with a glass rod and the skim milk samples were transferred to
cryogenic vials and stored at -20 o
C until assayed for progesterone.
4. Serum and milk progesterone radioimmunoassay (P4 RIA)
P4 conc. in the serum and milk was assayed according to FAO/IAEA progesterone RIA protocol
(FAO/IAEA (199). The detection limit (minimal detectable dose) of the assay is approximately 0.02 ng/ml.
3. Experimental procedure
Experiment I
This experiment was carried out to record the progesterone profile of cyclic Sudan Nubian goats. Eight
cyclic pure Nubian does were employed to achieve this goal. The does were intramuscularly injected with 2
doses of 125µg prostaglandin F2α (PG F2α, Estrumate, Coopers, England) 11 days apart to synchronize oestrus.
Eleven blood samples were collected from each doe starting from the day of commencement of oestrous signs
(day 0, 72 hours after the second dose of PG F2α) and continued until day 20. The P4 level in the serum was
assayed as described above.
Experiment II
This experiment was conducted to record the P4 profile during postpartum in the Sudan Nubian goats.
Ten parturient Nubian does were employed in this experiment. Milk samples were collected at 4 days interval
starting from day 3 postpartum and continued until 21 samples were collected from each doe. The P4 in the milk
was assayed as described above.
4. Statistical analysis
Data used are means ± SE. The curvilinear relation between the time of serum or milk collection and
P4 concentration was made using Cricket Graph Package.
III. Results
Experiment 1
The P4 conc. during oestrous cycle of Nubian goats started with a mean of 0.12 ± 0.01 ng/ml on day 0.
The level then increased to 4.54 ± 0.35 ng/ml on day 6 and 5.50 ± 0.33 ng/ml on day 8 of the oestrous cycle.
The beak value was attained on day 10 of the cycle (6.03 ± 0.25 ng/ml). The plateau was achieved between days
12 and 16 of the cycle. A sharp drop in P4 conc. was encountered on day 18 of the cycle (0.3 ± 0.01 ng/ml) and
a further drop (0.19 ± 0.00 ng/ml) terminated the cycle on day 20 (Fig.1).
Experiment II
The P4 conc. remained below 0.04 ng/ml until 45 days postpartum. Thereafter, it increased gradually to attain
values ≥ 1.0 ng/ml (Fig. 2) after the commencement of the first postpartum oestrus. The minimum value
recorded before the occurrence of the first oestrus postpartum was 0.02 ng/ml and the maximum value was
0.036 ng/ml.
IV. Discussion
Progesterone profile during oestrous cycle in most goat breeds assumes a general and common trend
starting from very low concentration during oestrous phase and gradually increases to attain peak values around
the middle of the luteal phase (Katongole and Gombe, 1985; Akusu et al. 1992; Thorburn and Schneider, 1972;
Sharma and Mujumdar, 1999). The P4 levels recorded during the first 4 days of oestrous cycle in the present
study are comparable to those recorded by Thorburn and Shneider (Thorburn and Schneider, 1972). However,
P4 level on day 20 of the oestrous cycle is lower than that reported by Thorburn and Shneider. The difference
between the two profiles at day 20 may be due to the difference in oestrous cycle length. In the current study
oestrous cycle length was 20 days and that reported by Thorburn and Shneider was 21 days. Also the P4 conc.
recorded during the first 4 days of oestrous of the Sudan Nubian goats do agree with those of Ugandan East
African (UEA) goats (Katongole and Gombe, 1985) and those of West African Dwarf goats (Akusu et al. 1992).
In the current study peak values of P 4 were obtained on day 10 of the oestrous cycle. The timing of the peak
value in this study differs from the timing of the peak values of the above mentioned studies. This difference
3. Progesterone Profile of Mature Nubian Goats
DOI: 10.9790/2380-08125659 www.iosrjournals.org 58 | Page
could be due to differences in oestrous cycle length and/or the different number of functioning corpora lutei
(Sharma and Mujumdar, 1999).
The P4 level during postpartum in the Sudan Nubian goats remained below 0.04 ng/ml until a mean of
45 days postpartum, thereafter it increased gradually to reach peak values. This value agrees with the value
(0.05ng/ml) obtained in Malaysia Katjang goats (Thangavelu et al. 1985). A higher P4 conc. of 0.94 ng/ml that
continued for several months was reported in UEA goats (Katongole and Gombe, 1985). This difference seems
to be a breed difference.
V. Conclusion
It is concluded that P4 profile of the Sudan Nubian goats during oestrous cycle and postpartum follows
the normal trend of the P4 profile of other breeds of goats with very minute differences in P4 conc. and the
timing of peak values.
Acknowledgements
This research was carried out under the support of the IAEA under a Technical Co-operation Project
for Goat Improvement (TCP No. SUD/5/025).
References
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Conference of the African Small Ruminants Research Network, ILRAD, Nairobi, Kenya.
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profile in Nubian goats (Capra hircus). J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2014; 1(2): 36-41. doi:10.5455/javar.2014.a10
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luteolysis of the corpus luteum. Sudan journal of animal production. Sudan J. of Anim. Prod. 17: 32-44.
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period in Sudanese Nubian goats. U of K. J. Agric, Sci 14(1): 165-160.
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Journal of American Science, 9(3):181-184.
[6] FAO/IAEA (1996). Progesterone RIA protocol Version 3.1.
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and Bourzat, D. (eds). Small Ruminants in African Agriculture Proceedings of a Conference by Small Ruminants and Camel
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[8] Mackenzie, D. (1967). Goat husbandry 2nd edition. Faber and Faber Ltd. 3. Queen Square, London.
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Khartoum, Shambat, Sudan.
[10] Sharma, E.L. and Mujumdar, A.C. (1999). Control of follicular steroidogen in early and late luteal phase in goat ovaries. Small
Ruminant Research . 34 (2): 111.
[11] Thangavelu, B.; Mukherjee, T. K. and Thambyrajah, V. (1985). Ovarian activity in the postpartum Katijang and cross-bred goats.
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[13] Yagoub, M.M. and Elsheikh, A.S. (2013). Some reproductive traits of female Nubian goats. Journal of American Science 2013, 9(5);
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4. Progesterone Profile of Mature Nubian Goats
DOI: 10.9790/2380-08125659 www.iosrjournals.org 59 | Page
Fig.1. Progesterone profile during oestrous cycle in Sudanese Nubian goats. Each point represents a mean of 8
serum samples collected from 8 cyclic Nubian does. The vertical pars represent the SE.
Fig.2. Progesterone profile during postpartum in Sudanese Nubian goats. Each point represents a
mean of 10 samples collected from 10 parturient does.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
P4conctentrationng/ml
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Days of oestrous cycle
0
.2
.4
.6
.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
P4concentrationng/ml
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Days postpartum