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Production of VAM
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- 2. SOIL MICRO-ORGANISMS Bacteria Fungus Actinomycetes Algae
- 3. NITROGEN-BIOFERTILIZERS Rhizobium Acetobacter Azospirillum Convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammoniacal form
- 4. RHIZOBIUM CULTURE-FOR PULSECROPS Application:Seed treatment 500g culture for treating seed for 1 hectre 500g culture +1 and ½ liter starch solution and mix with seeds Fixes 25-50kg nitrogen per hectare
- 5. AZETOBACTER Suitable for uplandcrops Fixes 15-20kg per ha Nitrogen fertilizers can be reduced by 20% Promote plant growth Produce plant hormones,vitamines Application Seed treatment-500g culture +10kg seed +1/2L water Seedling dip-500g culture +3/4L water Soil applications—1:25 with compost Fruit plants,plantation crops=50-100 grams per yr Tree crops –100-200gm per year
- 6. AZOSPIRILLUM Suitable forupland and wetland Fixes 20-25 kg nitrogen N fertilizers can be reduced by 25% Produces plant hormones,vitamins,enzymes etc Rapid root growth
- 7. Application Seed treatment-500gculture +10kg seed +1/2L water Seedling dip-500g culture +3/4L water Soil applications—1:25 with compost Crop duration 6 mnths=1-2kg per ha More than 6 months=2-4kg per ha Paddy-seed treat ment =2kg culture +60L water+seed for 1 hectre Seedling dip=2kg +40L water for 20 min Soil application-2kg with compost
- 8. FUNGUS VAM-vesicular Arbuscularmycorrhiza Glomus species Suitable for upland crops Increase P uptake Improve water uptake Improve absorption of N,K and micro nutrients Improves root growth Prevents fungal disease Protects from nematodes Application-along with organic manure
- 10. EFFICIENT USE OFBIOFERTILIZERS Use adequate OM Liming –if pH is below 6(250kg per ha) Irrigate during summer Supplement balance quantity of frtilizrs Gap of 1 week between bio and chemical fertilizer application No contaminants Shelf life of 6 months
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- 12. MATERIALS REQUIRED Vermiculite Perlite Soil Sand Cow dung powder Polythene cover Polythene bags/earthern pots Mother culture Formaldehyde Plastic basins Planting materials
- 13. FOR THE PRODUCTIONOF 100KG VAM Vermiculite - 65kg Perlite – 15kg Potting mixture – 20kg Formaldehyde – 250ml Mother culture Planting materials
- 14. PROCEDURE Mix vermiculite,perlite, potting mixture together Sterilize the mixture using formaldehyde Rake well and keep it for one week Sterilize the pots or polythene bags in sunlight Fill the bags/pots with mixture Add mother culture and sow the seed or plant
- 15. REQUIREMENTS Sunlight –bright sunlight is required Irrigation – irrigate twice daily until the crop develops sufficient growth
- 16. PLANTING MATERIALS Guineagrass – 3 months Sorghum – 3 months Maize – 3 months Bajra – 2 ½ months
- 17. ECONOMICS From 100bags-3.5 t VAM expenditure Vermiculite 2275 kg Rs25/kg 56875 Perlite 525 110 57750 Potting mixture 700 7 4900 Formaldehyd e 5L 200 1000 Mother culture 5kg 60 300 Polythene bags 100 8 800 Polythene cover 100 2 200 Total:121825 Rs=122000 Income:3500*60=2,10,000 Profit=78000
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