This document contains 20 problems related to heat exchanger and pump design. Problem 1 asks to discuss recirculation ratio calculations in vertical thermosyphon reboilers. Problem 2 asks to discuss process design of thermosyphon reboilers. Problem 3 asks to discuss design of kettle type reboilers.
Experimental Analysis of Refrigeration system using Microchannel condenser & ...AM Publications
Micro channel condenser now days can be effectively used due to its compact size in automobile sector. For
its performance, refrigeration set up designed to detect experimental performance of microchannel condenser. In this
paper performance analysis of microchannel condenser compared with round tube and coil tube. In analysis of
microchannel condensers it can be found more effective at various loads and operating conditions. For review same size of
microchannel and round tube condenser are considered. From the previous experiments the micro-channel condenser was
made to have nearly an identical face area, depth and fin density as the round-tube condenser which was the baseline. Also
varying the refrigerants, C.O.P & Efficiency of micro channel the various reviews of reviewer micro channel condenser
can be efficient and also refrigerator system requires less power.
Experimental Analysis of Refrigeration system using Microchannel condenser & ...AM Publications
Micro channel condenser now days can be effectively used due to its compact size in automobile sector. For
its performance, refrigeration set up designed to detect experimental performance of microchannel condenser. In this
paper performance analysis of microchannel condenser compared with round tube and coil tube. In analysis of
microchannel condensers it can be found more effective at various loads and operating conditions. For review same size of
microchannel and round tube condenser are considered. From the previous experiments the micro-channel condenser was
made to have nearly an identical face area, depth and fin density as the round-tube condenser which was the baseline. Also
varying the refrigerants, C.O.P & Efficiency of micro channel the various reviews of reviewer micro channel condenser
can be efficient and also refrigerator system requires less power.
HOT TOPIC
TON OF REFRIGERATION,
WORK, U FACTOR, LRA (Locked rotor amps)
RPM of motor, HEAT FORMULA, GAS PIPING (Sizing – CF/hr.), CALCULATING OIL NOZZLE SIZE (GPH):
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM, Linear Measurement Equivalents (U.S. Conventional - SI Metric)
Natural gas processing: Production of LPG Asma-ul Husna
This is a presentation on a process designed for a natural gas processing plant that can use NGL and condensate to produce LPG. The designed process yields a product with 50 percent of propane and 20 percent of butane, which meets the specification for a high quality LPG.
Capacity Enhancement of Ammonia Production By The Revamping of Ammonia.
In this project, we find conversion and temperature profile of a two catalyst bed with one interbed heat exchanger ammonia converter and a three catalyst bed with two interbed heat exchanger ammonia converter both have radial flow by using a pseudo homogeneous two dimensional mathematical model on the basis of principle of conservation of mass and energy balance with the help of MATLAB pde solver.We conclude that a three catalyst bed ammonia converter give a higher conversion and lower pressure drop compare to the two catalyst bed ammonia converter for the same volume of catalyst bed and same amount of feed stock.
HOT TOPIC
TON OF REFRIGERATION,
WORK, U FACTOR, LRA (Locked rotor amps)
RPM of motor, HEAT FORMULA, GAS PIPING (Sizing – CF/hr.), CALCULATING OIL NOZZLE SIZE (GPH):
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM, Linear Measurement Equivalents (U.S. Conventional - SI Metric)
Natural gas processing: Production of LPG Asma-ul Husna
This is a presentation on a process designed for a natural gas processing plant that can use NGL and condensate to produce LPG. The designed process yields a product with 50 percent of propane and 20 percent of butane, which meets the specification for a high quality LPG.
Capacity Enhancement of Ammonia Production By The Revamping of Ammonia.
In this project, we find conversion and temperature profile of a two catalyst bed with one interbed heat exchanger ammonia converter and a three catalyst bed with two interbed heat exchanger ammonia converter both have radial flow by using a pseudo homogeneous two dimensional mathematical model on the basis of principle of conservation of mass and energy balance with the help of MATLAB pde solver.We conclude that a three catalyst bed ammonia converter give a higher conversion and lower pressure drop compare to the two catalyst bed ammonia converter for the same volume of catalyst bed and same amount of feed stock.
Complex Engineering Problem (CEP) Descriptive Form.
Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer.
The concentric tube heat exchanger is replaced with a compact, plate-type heat exchanger that consists of a stack of thin metal sheets, separated by N gaps of width a. The oil and water flows are subdivided into N/2 individual flow streams, with the oil and water moving in opposite directions within alternating gaps. It is desirable for the stack to be of a cubical geometry, with a characteristic exterior dimension L.
(a) parallel flow
(b) counter flow,
A counter flow, concentric tube heat exchanger is used to cool the lubricating oil for a large industrial gas turbine engine. The flow rate of cooling water through the inner tube (Di - 25 mm) is 0.2 kg/s,.
technical knowledge about boilers power generation through steam and types of boilers in the chemical process industries. Mechanical and chemical engineers should have complete technical knowledge about boilers and its applications.
Esign and thermal evaluation of shell and helical coil heat exchangereSAT Journals
Abstract
Heat exchangers are the important engineering equipments used for transferring heat from one fluid to another. Heat exchangers are widely used in various kinds of application such as power plants, nuclear reactors, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, heat recovery systems, petrochemical, mechanical, biomedical industries. Helical coil heat exchangers are gaining wide importance now-a-days because it can give high heat transfer coefficient in small footprint of surface area. This paper focuses on the designing of shell and helical coil heat exchanger and its thermal evaluation with counter flow configuration. The thermal analysis is carried out considering the various parameters such as flow rate of cold water, flow rate of hot water, temperature, effectiveness and overall heat transfer coefficient.
Keywords— Helical coil heat exchanger, Counter flow, Flow rate, effectiveness, heat transfer coefficient etc.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)
Process equipment numericals problems
1. ASSIGNMENT 1: PIPE SIZING
1. Discuss the process design of rotameter.
2. Discuss in brief about NPSH for centrifugal pumps and explain process design of pump
3. For the specified location of the pump calculated value of (NPSH)A is coming less than
(NSPH)R. Suggest all possible solutions to make(NPSH)A greater than (NPSH)R.
4. Discuss the Process Design of Orifice meter. Also Explain various locations of pressure
taps with neat sketch in orifice meter. Also state advantages and disadvantages of orifice
meter.
5. Determine the minimum and maximum flow rate of water at 40 ˚C in rotameter of the
given dimensions.
Viscosity of water at 40 ⁰C = 0.7 cP
Density of water at 40 ⁰C = 992.2 kg/m3
Float material = Stainless steel
Density of stainless steel = 8000 kg/m3
Float is made from stainless steel plate of 2 mm thickness.
Cd=0.775
Angle made by tapered tube with vertical plane is 2 degree.
Mass flow rate through rotameter:
6. A centrifugal pump is drawing water from an overhead tank, exposed to atmosphere.
Vertical distance between free surface of liquid in the tank and center line of pump is 10
m. Capacity of centrifugal pump is 10000 kg/h. Maximum operating temperature is 50 ˚C.
Vapor pressure of water at 50 ˚C is 92.51 torr. Total length of suction pipe is 10.5 m
having two 90˚ elbows. Determine the size of suction pipe and (NPSH)A of centrifugal
pump. Material of pipe is carbon steel. Density of water = 1000 kg/m3
. Viscosity of water
= 0.558 mPa s (or cP). Surface roughness of carbon steel =0.0457 mm. K value for 90 ˚
elbow = 0.75. Surface roughness of carbon steel and friction factor are 0.0457 mm &
0.005 respectively. For the velocity of water in suction line 1 m/s, Determine (i) the size of
suction pipe (ii) total frictional pressure drop in suction line (iii) (NPSH) of centrifugal
pump.
2. 7. Hexane at 40 0
C is pumped through the system at the rate of 10 m3/hr. The tank is at
atmospheric pressure. Pressure at the end of the discharge pipe is 400 kPa g. The discharge is 4.5
m above the pump center line while the suction lift is 1 m above the level of the liquid in the
tank. The friction loss in the suction line is 4 kPa and that in the discharge line is 40 kPa. The
mechanical efficiency of the pump is 65%. The density of hexane is 650 kg/m3 and its vapour
pressure at 40 0
C is 35 kPa. Calculate power required by centrifugal pump
8. Calculate the Manometer reading generated by orifice meter based on following
data:
Name of the fluid: Water
Flow rate: 90000 kg/h
Inside diameter of pipe=154 mm
Operating temperature = 32 °C
Density of water = 995 kg/m3 Viscosity of water = 0.765 cP
Manometer fluid = Mercury, Density of mercury = 13516.47 kg/m3
Take β = 0.5. C0=0.6055
9. A three stage reciprocating compressor is used to compress 306 Sm3
/h of methane from
0.95 atm a to 61.3 atm a. The inlet temperature is 26.7 °C. Specific heat ratio of methane is
1.31. Calculate (1) Power required for compression, if mechanical efficiency is 80% and
(2) discharge temperature of gas after 1st
stage.
10. Benzene at 38°C is pumped through the system at a rate 9.09 m3/hr with the help of a
centrifugal pump. The reservoir is at atmospheric pressure. Pressure at the end of discharge
line is 345 kPa g. The discharge head is 3.05 meter and the pump suction head is 1.22
meter above the level of liquid in reservoir. The friction loss in suction line is 3.45 kPa and
that in discharge line is 37.9 kPa. The mechanical efficiency of the pump is 0.6. The
density of benzene is 865 kg/m3 and its vapor pressure at 38°C is 26.2 kPa. Calculate (1)
NPSH and (2) Power required by pump. Power required by pump is given by,
Where P= power required in kW, H= Total dynamic head in meter, qv= volumetric flow
rate, m3
/hr, ρ= density of fluid, kg/m3
, η= mech. efficiency of pump.
11. Carbon dioxide is to be conveyed from the top of the stripper of ammonia plant to urea
plant. Calculate the pipe size required based on following data.
(i) Flow rate of CO2 = 1000 t/day
(ii) Total length of pipe = 800 m
(iii) Available pressure at inlet of pipe = 24 kPa g
(iv) Discharge pressure of CO2 from pipe required = atmospheric
(v) No. of butterfly valve in pipeline = 1
(vi) No. of 90o
elbows in pipeline = 8
(vii) Temperature of gas = 60o
C
(viii) Viscosity of CO2 gas = 0.016 cP
(ix) Equivalent number of velocity heads for butterfly valve =0.24
(x) Equivalent number of velocity heads for 90o
elbows = 0.75
(xi)MOC of Pipe = Carbon Steel
3. ASSIGNMENT 2 HEAT EXCHANGER
1. In design of vertical thermosyphon reboiler recirculation ratio is determined via trial and
error calculations. In these calculations one of the following
hypothetical conditions arises for the assumed value of recirculation ratio.
(i) Δ Pav ≈ Δ Pt
(ii) Δ Pav >> Δ Pt
(iii) Δ Pav < Δ Pt
Discuss how to find or fix the recirculation ratio in each of the above condition.
2. Discuss process design of Thermosyphon reboiler.
3. Discuss the design procedure for Kettle type Reboiler.
4. Discuss the design of plate type heat exchanger.
5. Describe in brief criteria of selection between horizontal and vertical condenser.
6. Discuss in detail about criteria of selection between kettle type and thermosyphon reboiler.
7. State the functions of the followings in shell and tube heat exchanger.
(1) Baffles (2) tie rods (3) spacers (4) Tube sheet (5) sealing strips
8. Baffle spacing in heat exchanger,
9. Discuss the Advantages and disadvantages of plate heat exchanger over shell and tube heat
exchanger.
10.Write a brief note on selection of heating media and cooling media in heat
Exchanger OR Write a brief note on Fluid allocation in shell and tube heat exchanger.
11.Give the stepwise design procedure for Shell & Tube heat exchanger.
12.Explain in brief Tinker’s Flow Model for Shell and Tube heat exchanger.
13.State the various types of shell and tube heat exchanger. Discuss the advantagesand
disadvantages of different types of shell and tube heat exchanger with each other.
14.Gas oil at 200 °C is to be cooled to 40 °C. The oil flow rate is 22500 kg/h. Cooling water
is available at 30 °C and the temperature rise is to be limited to 20 °C. The pressure drop
allowance for each stream is 100 kN/m2
. Design a suitable heat exchanger. Physical
properties of the fluid:
Temperature correction factor Ft = 0.94
Base your design on overall heat transfer coefficient = 500 W/m2
°C
Tube OD = 20 mm, Tube ID = 16mm, Tube length = 4m, Triangular pitch
pt=1.25dO, Number of tube side passes =04,
Shell diameter = 667 mm, baffle spacing = 133 mm Take water in tube side.
Oil side heat transfer coefficient = 5000 W/m2
°C
Water side heat transfer coefficient = 4000 W/m2
°C
Thermal conductivity of tube wall material = 45 W/m °C
4. Assume the pressure drop are within permissible limit.
shell side heat transfer coefficient:
15.10900 kg/h of nearly pure saturated methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) vapor at 13.73 kPa g is to
be condensed and cooled to 60 ᵒC by cooling water which is available in plant at 32 ᵒC.
Assme Uc = 800 W/m2
ᵒC and Usub = 200 W/m2
ᵒC. Calculate the % excess heat transfer
area for the given condenser.
(1) Latent heat of condensation of MEK at condensation temperature, 83.87ᵒC = 438.27
KJ/Kg
(2) Specific heat of MEK liquid = 2.298 KJ/Kg ᵒC
(3) No. of tube side pass = 4 , for 4 passes k1 = 0.175, n1 = 2.285
(4) Tube OD = 19.05 mm , Tube ID = 15.748 mm , Tube length = 1.83 m
(5) Viscosity of water = 0.72 cP,
(6) Thermal conductivity of water = 0.6228 W/m ᵒC
(7) Mean temperature of condensate film = 71.22 ᵒC
(8) Physical properties of MEK liquid condensate at 71.22 ᵒC,
Viscosity = 0.31 cP, density = 805 kg/m3
, Thermal conductivity = 0173 W/m ᵒC
(9) For subcooling zone hosub = 283.77 W/m2
ᵒC
(10) dirt factor for organic vapor = 10000 W/m2
ᵒC
(11) dirt factor for cooling water = 4000 W/m2
ᵒC
(12) Thermal conductivity of SS 304 material = 16.3 W/m ᵒC
16.1-2 shell and tube heat exchanger is used to cool methanol condensate from 95 °C to 40°C.
Flow rate of methanol is 100000 kg/h. Brackish water is used as coolant with temperature
rise from 25 °C to 40 °C.
Property Methanol Brackish Water
Heat Capacity, kJ/kg °C 2.84 4.2
Density, kg/m3 750 995
Viscosity, mNs/m2 0.34 0.8
Thermal conductivity, W/m °C 0.19 0.59
Choose 20mm od, 16 mm id, 4.88 m long cupro-nickle tubes with triangular pitch
Pt=1.25dO.
Based on overall heat transfer coefficient 600 W/m2 °C, Calculate
(1) Number of tubes
(2) Shell Diameter
(3) Tube side heat transfer coefficient. (Take brackish water in tubes).
K1 and n1 for tube bundle diameter: (For triangular pitch pt=1.25dO)
No of tube
side passes
1 2 4 6 8
K1 0.319 0.249 0.175 0.0743 0.0365
5. n1 2.142 2.207 2.285 2.499 2.675
Heat transfer coefficient for tube side: for Re>4000
NU =0.023RQ
0.8Pr
0.33(µ/ µW)0.14
17.50000 kg/hr ethanol liquid is to be cooled from 850
C to 500
C in gasketed plate heat
exchanger. Operating pressure at the inlet of heat exchanger is 2 atm g. Cooling water is
available at 320
C, is used as a cooling medium. Design the suitable plate heat exchanger.
Assume the temperature correct ion factor to be 0.97. Select the effective plate width 0.5 m
and effective plate length 1.5 m having plate thickness 1 mm. Take gap between
successive plate to be 3 mm. Assume the constant to be a=0.65, b= 0.4 and c=0.26.
Take density of ethanol = 775 kg/m3
and viscosity to be 0.6 cP Thermal conductivity
of ethanol = 0.147 W/ (m. 0
C) and sp. heat = 2.84 KJ /Kg K
Take density of water = 1000 kg/m3 and viscosity to be 0.8 cP Thermal conductivity
of water = 0.62 W/ (m. 0
C) and sp. heat = 4.186 KJ /Kg K.
Assume the fouling coefficient of water and ethanol to be 10000 w/ (m2
. 0
C)
Assume plate material to be titanium with thermal conductivity = 21 W/ (m. 0
C)
Start the design assuming U = 1500 W/m2
K and finalize after one trial only the area
required as per 10% excess area. Pressure drop calculation is not required.
18.Design shell and tube horizontal condensor for condensation of 46000 kg/hr n-propanol at
0.25 kgf/cm2
g by cooling water at 320
C. The condensing temp. at this pressure is 81.2 0
C.
The dirt factors of both shell and tube side is 2000 kcal/hr m2
C. Assume that allowable
pressure drop on both the side is within limit. Assume the tube o.d. of 19.05 mm and 23.81
mm triangular pitch. Tube wall thickness to be taken as 1.65 mm. Assume isothermal
condensation.
Properties for n-propanol:
Latent heat of condensation: 158 kcal/kg
Thermal conductivity : 0.14 kcal/hr m C
Liquid density : 800 kg/m3
Liquid viscosity: 0.62 cP Vapor viscosity: 0.01 cP
Assume thermal conductivity of tube metal = 39 kcal/hr mC
Condensation coefficient is to be calculated as
Where,
6. Water side coefficient is calculated as:
Where, t = water side average temperature, 0
C
di = inside diameter of tube, mm
ut = tube side velocity, m/sec
For triangular pitch, constants for bundle diameter are as:
19.A horizontal 1-4 heat exchanger (condenser) is used to condense 45000 kg/hr of mixed
light hydrocarbon vapors. The condenser to operate at 10 bar. The vapor will enter the
condenser saturated at 60 °C and the condensation will be completed at 45 °C. The average
molecular weight of vapor is 52. The enthalpy of the vapor is 596.5 kJ/kg and the
condensate 247 kJ/kg. Cooling water is available at 30 °C and the temperature rise is
limited to 10°C. Plant standards requires tubes of 20 mm od, 16.8 mm id, 4.88 m long of
admiralty brass. Use square pitch tube arrangement with pt=1.25dO. The vapors are to be
totally condensed and no sub cooling is required. Take temperature correction factor
Ft=0.92.
Based on overall heat transfer coefficient = 900 W/m2°C, Calculate
(1) Number of tubes (2) Shell Diameter (3) Tube side heat transfer coefficient and (4)
Shell side heat transfer coefficient
Physical properties of condensate at 47°C are:
μL=0.16 mNs/m, ρL=551 kg/m3, kL=0.13W/m°C.
Specific heat of water at 35°C=4.18 kJ/kg C. Density of water = 993 kg/m3,
Thermal conductivity of water = 0.628 W/m °
20.Lube oil is to be cooled from 65 °C to 45 °C by using cooling water in shell and tube heat
exchanger having following data.
Lube oil flow rate - 450 L/min
Density of lube oil - 869 kg/m3
Specific heat of lube oil - 2.1413 kJ/kg °C
Thermal conductivity of lube oil - 0.13 W/m °C
Viscosity of lube oil - 15 cP
Cooling water inlet temperature - 35 °C
Cooling water outlet temperature - 39 °C
Specific heat of water - 4.1868 kJ/kg°C
Viscosity of water - 0.73 cP
7. Thermal conductivity of water - 0.628 W/m °C
Density of Water - 993.32 kg/m3
Specification of fixed tube sheet heat exchanger:
Shell inside diameter – 418 mm
Tube O.D. - 15.875 mm
Type of baffle – 25 % segmental
Tube I.D -13.3858 mm
Baffle spacing - 83.6 mm
Tube length - 3.048 m
Tube pitch - 1.25dO
Type of tube arrangement - Triangular
Nos. of tube side passes – 4
LMTD correction factor : 0.95
Assume overall heat transfer Coefficient = 400 W/m2
°C
Fixed tube sheet type shell and tube heat exchanger is used for this duty. Take lube oil on
shell side and water on tube side. Calculate (i) Number of tubes (ii) tube side heat transfer
coefficient (iii) shell side heat transfer coefficient.
Use following correlation:
ASSIGNMENT 3 EXTRACTION
1. State and discuss the industrial applications of liquid-liquid extraction.
2. Discuss the criteria for the choice of solvent for liquid – liquid extraction OR Discuss the
desirable solvent properties required in liquid-liquid extraction.
3. Discuss the Process design of Horizontal and Vertical Settlers in details
4. Explain the process design of counter current multistage extractor.
5. State the merits and demerits of mixer-settler. Discuss the design steps for the process
design of horizontal and vertical gravity settler. OR Discuss the process design of settlers.
6. For the separation of dimethylformamide (DMF) from its dilute solution having a flow rate
of 1000 kg/h and containing 20 % DMF by mass is to be counter currently extracted with
methylene chloride to reduce the DMF concentration to 1 % in the final raffinate.
Determine (i) the minimum amount of solvent which can be used and (ii) the number of
theoretical stages if actual amount of solvent is double than the minimum required. Phase
equilibrium equation is given by 𝑌=0.5555 𝑋 at 25 o
C where, Yand X are mass fractions of
solute.