Problems encountered in Routing Algorithms for 2D-Mesh NoCs
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As technology scales down toward deep submicron, large numbers of IP blocks are being integrated on the same Silicon die, thereby enabling large amount of parallel computations, such as those required for multimedia workloads. Network-on-chip (NOC) serves as an important agent to eliminate the communication bottleneck of future multicore systems. Arbiter, a prime component has a great impact on the feasibility of router. In this paper, we concentrate our ideas on the basic arbitration techniques with their features and found some problems with their roles in improving the performance of the routers and finally extending our range to a novel notion of overcoming extensive problems of starvation, HOL, congestion, etc. in a novel and feasible manners with a combination of the existing arbitration techniques in a more compact and sequential form.
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and average network latency are significantly reduced in comparison with the state of the art NoC routers.
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Chennai Office: JP INFOTECH, Old No.31, New No.86, 1st Floor, 1st Avenue, Ashok Nagar, Chennai-83. Landmark: Next to Kotak Mahendra Bank/Bharath Scans
Landline: (044) - 43012642 / Mobile: (0)9952649690
Pondicherry Office: JP INFOTECH, #45, Kamaraj Salai, Thattanchavady, Puducherry - 9
Landmark: Opp. to Thattanchavady Industrial Estate & Next to VVP Nagar Arch.
Landline: (0413) - 4300535 / Mobile: (0)8608600246 / (0)9952649690
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The advantages of bufferless and buffered designs can be combined by using a minimum number of side
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Chennai Office: JP INFOTECH, Old No.31, New No.86, 1st Floor, 1st Avenue, Ashok Nagar, Chennai-83. Landmark: Next to Kotak Mahendra Bank/Bharath Scans
Landline: (044) - 43012642 / Mobile: (0)9952649690
Pondicherry Office: JP INFOTECH, #45, Kamaraj Salai, Thattanchavady, Puducherry - 9
Landmark: Opp. to Thattanchavady Industrial Estate & Next to VVP Nagar Arch.
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can be well suited for environment where changes are frequent and establishment of infrastructure is not very
cost effective. In short it can turn the dream of ‘anytime anywhere’ into reality[1]. Here we deal with the VHDL
implementation of DSDV(destination sequenced distance vector) routing protocol to fulfill these requirements of
Ad-hoc network more effectively.
Keywords: Adhoc, DSDV,FPGA,VHDL,Routing
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This document discusses suborbital research platforms of the future. It provides an overview of Telespazio VEGA Deutschland, which aims to be a broker for suborbital reusable launch vehicle services. The document outlines some of the company's achievements to date in brokering flight opportunities on vehicles like Armadillo Aerospace's STIG-B for German universities. It also discusses future plans like opening the suborbital market and providing more flight opportunities on vehicles such as Lynx Mk. I and SpaceLoft XL.
Jacobs Law, LLC
Jacobs Law, LLC is a personal injury law firm located in Indianapolis, Indiana. The firm is owned and operated by attorneys Sam Jacobs and Kimberly Danforth, who have over 50 years of combined legal experience in helping injured clients. The firm focuses on achieving just outcomes for clients and develops customized legal strategies to meet their needs. They provide advice and counsel on both straightforward and complex personal injury cases. Potential clients are encouraged to contact the firm for more information.
Mobile Broadband TLC
Telespazio provides satellite communication solutions for the maritime and oil & gas industries. It offers global broadband connectivity services through fixed and mobile terminals tailored to specific customer needs. Telespazio provides state-of-the-art services like internet, email, video conferencing, and applications for fleet management, asset monitoring, and crew welfare. Its maritime broadband services include SeaOnNet for onboard services, SeaOnBox for multichannel communications, and Broad@Sea for high-speed Ku-band internet. For oil & gas, it offers connectivity, remote asset monitoring, and applications for business and crew.
Plant parts
The document teaches about the basic parts of a plant including the stem, leaves, roots, and petals. The stem holds the plant above ground and transports water and nutrients. Leaves make sugar through photosynthesis and take in carbon dioxide. Roots hold the plant in the ground and take in water and nutrients. Petals are usually the colored part of the plant.
Techniek en gedrag voor duurzame panden saxion 19 mei 2015
Presentatie tijdens 'Technology for Livinglunch' van lectoraat Duurzame Energievoorziening Saxion Enschede. Presentatie over belang van kennis van gedrag/psychologie bij ontwerp van energieneutrale panden.
Cardiovascular Diseases by Philip
This document discusses cardiovascular diseases, specifically coronary artery disease (CAD). It defines CAD as a condition where the coronary arteries become damaged or diseased due to plaque buildup. Common signs and symptoms of CAD include angina, rapid heartbeat, and shortness of breath. The document provides guidelines for exercise for those with CAD, stating it should be low intensity cardiovascular exercise for 20-30 minutes 3-5 days per week, and noting beneficial exercises include stationary cycling and treadmill walking while contraindicated exercises involve heavy lifting or high intensity activity.
Lee samuels
Lee Samuels is a British national seeking a position as a Business Development Manager. She has over 15 years of experience in sales, marketing, and customer service roles. Her skills include sales, telemarketing, customer service, computer skills, problem solving, time management, and communication. She holds a BA (Hons) in Marketing and Business Administration from the University of Derby.
MWC 2015: what it beholds?
The mobile world not only consists of hardware and software stuffs, but it also undertakes the security, banking, advertisement, retail and others many sectors. On the start of the event lets take a look on What MWC2015 beholds?
Centri Spaziali
Telespazio è tra i principali operatori al mondo nel campo
dei servizi satellitari. Per le sue attività la società può contare su una rete nazionale e internazionale di centri spaziali e teleporti. Il più importante è il Centro Spaziale del Fucino, in Abruzzo, realizzato negli anni ’60 per gestire i primi esperimenti di telecomunicazioni satellitari tra l’Europa e gli Stati Uniti.
In Italia Telespazio opera anche attraverso i centri spaziali del Lario (Lombardia), di Matera (Basilicata) e Scanzano (Sicilia). All’estero gestisce propri teleporti in Brasile, in Argentina e in Romania.
EL SIDA
HIV is a virus that causes AIDS by attacking immune cells called CD4 cells. It is believed to have originated from chimpanzees in Cameroon in the late 19th century. HIV spreads through sexual contact, blood transmission, and from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. While a cure does not exist, treatment with antiretroviral drugs can control the virus and prolong life.
Galileo
The Galileo programme is a collaboration of the European Union with ESA to improve the technological independence of Europe and establish international standards for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Telespazio plays a leading role in the development of the programme, having built, at the Fucino Space Centre, one of the Galileo Control Centre (GCC), which will manage the programme’s constellation and mission.
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Techniek en gedrag voor duurzame panden saxion 19 mei 2015
Techniek en gedrag voor duurzame panden saxion 19 mei 2015
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Congestion aware routing algorithm network on chip
This document outlines a research proposal on developing a congestion-aware adaptive routing protocol for an on-chip network. The objectives are to minimize congestion and enhance network performance by dynamically adjusting routing paths based on real-time network conditions. The proposal will involve implementing a congestion-aware adaptive routing algorithm using Verilog, gathering performance data from conventional and proposed algorithms, and analyzing results to optimize the routing protocol and network structure. The desired outcome is to improve latency and throughput in the on-chip network at low cost by exploiting adaptive routing.
Reliable and Efficient Routing in WLAN
The rapid need of wireless demands a great deal of security and reliable routing in order to keep all the data sources and equipments secure. In order to develop efficient and robust protocols, it is essential to understand the inherent characteristics of wireless networks such as connectivity, coverage and varying channel conditions. Wireless LAN introduces the concept that use can connect to any one at any place at anytime by using various mobile appliances that can be carried at any place. Now Communication is no longer limited to a one place by holding wired phones. This is the big boom to the I.T industry but it also brings a lot of opportunities and challenges for the Network Administrator who is looking after the Wireless LANs (WLAN). WLAN traffic travels over radio waves that cannot be constrained by the walls or any Simranjeet Kaur"Reliable and Efficient Routing in WLAN" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd3585.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/3585/reliable-and-efficient-routing-in-wlan/simranjeet-kaur
IRJET- Cluster based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network
The document summarizes research on cluster-based routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. It proposes a new energy-aware clustering algorithm (EADC) to address issues with existing protocols like LEACH that can lead to uneven energy consumption. The EADC aims to select cluster heads based on residual node energy to avoid problems from non-uniform node distribution and make the network more energy efficient. The document also reviews the evolution of cluster-based routing research from 2001 to 2012, highlighting several early protocols and their advantages/disadvantages relating to cluster head election and energy efficiency.
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This document proposes an adaptive cluster head election algorithm for heterogeneous mobile ad-hoc networks. It begins by discussing how mobile ad-hoc networks can be homogeneous or heterogeneous based on node capabilities. The effects of heterogeneity, including issues with coverage area, link stability and lifetime, are analyzed. An algorithm is then suggested that considers node mobility, power and transmission range to adaptively elect cluster heads in heterogeneous networks. The proposed algorithm is simulated and evaluated based on parameters like cluster formation overhead and cluster lifetime under different transmission ranges. The results show the algorithm can help ensure stable cluster formations and address issues caused by node heterogeneity in mobile ad-hoc networks.
Atul
This document outlines a research proposal on virtual backbone formation and efficient data delivery in cognitive radio networks. It discusses challenges in cognitive radio networks including spectrum management, network instability, and routing overhead. The author proposes to explore problems related to virtual backbone formation, efficient data delivery, and spectrum management in cognitive radio networks. References are provided related to virtual backbone construction, connected dominating sets, and cognitive radio networks.
Jamming aware traffic allocation for multiple-path routing using portfolio se...
Multiple-path source routing protocols allow a data source node to distribute the total traffic among available paths. we consider the problem of jamming-aware source routing in which the source node performs traffic allocation based on empirical jamming statistics at individual network nodes. We formulate this traffic allocation as a lossy network flow optimization problem using portfolio selection theory from financial statistics. We show that in multisource networks, this centralized optimization problem can be solved using a distributed algorithm based on decomposition in network utility maximization (NUM). We demonstrate the network's ability to estimate the impact of jamming and incorporate these estimates into the traffic allocation problem. Finally, we simulate the achievable throughput using our proposed traffic allocation method in several scenarios.
Active Path Updation For Layered Routing (Apular) In Wireless Mesh Networks
1) The document proposes an Active Path Updation procedure (APULAR) for layered routing in wireless mesh networks to quickly update broken paths and reduce packet loss.
2) In APULAR, the destination node takes responsibility for local repair restoration instead of the source node initiating a new path discovery when a link breaks, as is typically done.
3) The procedure is simulated and shown to outperform AODV and IWMRA routing protocols, achieving better packet delivery ratio, lower control overhead, higher throughput, and lower end-to-end delay.
Active path updation for layered routing (apular) in wireless
1) The document proposes an Active Path Updation procedure (APULAR) for layered routing in wireless mesh networks to quickly update broken paths and reduce packet loss.
2) In APULAR, the destination node takes responsibility for local repair restoration instead of the source node initiating a new path discovery when a link breaks, as is typically done.
3) The procedure is simulated and shown to outperform AODV and IWMRA routing protocols, achieving better packet delivery ratio, lower control overhead, higher throughput, and lower end-to-end delay.
Design of fault tolerant algorithm for network on chip router using field pr...
Design of fault tolerant algorithm for network on chip router using field pr...International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems
Many intellectual property (IP) modules are present in contemporary system on chips (SoCs). This could provide an issue with interconnection among different IP modules, which would limit the system's ability to scale. Traditional bus-based SoC architectures have a connectivity bottleneck, and network on chip (NoC) has evolved as an embedded switching network to address this issue. The interconnections between various cores or IP modules on a chip have a significant impact on communication and chip performance in terms of power, area latency and throughput. Also, designing a reliable fault tolerant NoC became a significant concern. In fault tolerant NoC it becomes critical to identify faulty node and dynamically reroute the packets keeping minimum latency. This study provides an insight into a domain of NoC, with intention of understanding fault tolerant approach based on the XY routing algorithm for 4×4 mesh architecture. The fault tolerant NoC design is synthesized on field programmable gate array (FPGA).A Virtual Grid-Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) Scheme for Wireless ...
This document presents a virtual grid-based dynamic routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme for wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink. The scheme aims to conserve network energy while dynamically routing information towards the moving sink. It divides the sensor field into a virtual grid with cell header nodes. These cell header nodes participate in adjusting routes according to the latest location of the mobile sink, reducing communication costs and energy consumption compared to having all nodes participate. The VGDRA scheme balances energy expenditure of nodes and allows data to be efficiently disseminated to the mobile sink as it changes locations through dynamic routing reconstruction using the virtual grid structure.
IRJET-A Virtual Grid-Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) Scheme for Wir...
This document presents a virtual grid-based dynamic routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme for wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink. The scheme aims to minimize the energy consumed when sensor nodes adjust their routes to the sink's new location. It divides the sensor field into a virtual grid with cell headers. When the sink moves, only the cell headers participate in rerouting to the new location, reducing the communication cost compared to all nodes adjusting routes. The VGDRA scheme maintains nearly optimal routes to the mobile sink while minimizing the cost of route reconstruction as the sink moves.
ADAPTATION TO NON-CRITICAL FAILURE AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL WDM NE...
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“Reducing packet loss in manet”
This document summarizes a research paper on reducing packet loss in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The paper discusses how MANETs are vulnerable to various security threats like black hole attacks that can cause packet dropping. It evaluates existing authentication schemes like ACK-based schemes that have overhead issues. The paper then proposes a modified ACK-based scheme using finite state automata to overcome decision ambiguity and minimize packet dropping while authenticating nodes in the MANET. Simulation results show that the proposed approach improves packet delivery ratio, throughput and reduces routing load compared to not using secure authentication.
Fpga based highly reliable fault tolerant approach for network on chip (noc)
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Migrating packet dropping in mobile ad hoc network based on modified ack-base...
This document discusses migrating packet dropping in mobile ad-hoc networks using a modified ACK-based authentication scheme. It begins by introducing mobile ad-hoc networks and some of the security challenges they face, such as packet dropping attacks. It then discusses existing ACK-based authentication schemes and their limitations, such as generating a large overhead and having ambiguity when nodes refuse acknowledgments. The document proposes a modified ACK-based scheme that uses a secure channel to overcome these limitations and minimize packet dropping. It evaluates the proposed scheme through simulation experiments and finds it improves performance metrics like packet delivery ratio and throughput compared to not using a secure channel. In conclusion, the modified scheme is presented as a way to enhance node authentication and reduce packet dropping in mobile
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- It proposes using ACO along with rendezvous points and mobile sinks in a clustering protocol called Rendezvous LEACH (RZ LEACH) to optimize energy efficiency and network lifetime.
- Simulation results show that the ACO based RZ LEACH outperforms the original RZ LEACH protocol by prolonging the number of operational nodes and increasing average remaining energy in the network over time.
TERNARY TREE ASYNCHRONOUS INTERCONNECT NETWORK FOR GALS’ SOC
Interconnect fabric requires easy integration of computational block operating with unrelated clocks. This paper presents asynchronous interconnect with ternary tree asynchronous network for Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous (GALS) system-on-chip (SOC). Here architecture is proposed for interconnection with ternary tree asynchronous network where ratio of number NOC design unit and number of router is 4:1,6:2, 8:3,10:4 etc .It is scalable for any number of NOC design unit. It offers an easy integration of different clock domain with low communication overhead .NOC design unit for GALS ‘SOC is formulated by wrapping synchronous module with input port along with input port controller, output port along with output port controller and local clock generator. It creates the interface between synchronous to asynchronous and asynchronous to synchronous. For this purpose four port asynchronous routers is designed with routing element and output arbitration and buffering with micro-pipeline. This interconnect fabric minimizes silicon area, minimize Latency and maximize throughput. Here functional model is made for TTAN and application MPEG4 is mapped on the Network .Desired traffic pattern is generated and performance of the network is evaluated. Significant improvement in the network performance parameter has been observed.
Cm32996999
This document summarizes a research paper on multicasting in wireless ad hoc networks. It discusses using an On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) and a fully localized scheme. ODMRP builds a forwarding mesh topology to avoid issues with multicasting trees in mobile networks. The localized scheme integrates layered multicast and routing-based congestion avoidance to control multicast rates and maintain fairness with unicast flows. It allows each node to monitor links and cut aggregate multicast rates when links become congested, while still delivering multiple quality layers to receivers. Analysis and simulations showed the localized scheme enables multicasting and provides fair bandwidth sharing between multicast and unicast flows.
Simulator for Energy Efficient Clustering in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
The document describes the design of a simulator for energy efficient clustering in mobile ad hoc networks. The simulator models nodes that can move randomly and establish wireless connections. It selects cluster heads based on two parameters: the degree of connectivity and average transmission power of each node. Nodes with the minimum combined weight of these parameters among their neighbors are chosen as cluster heads. The simulator allows analyzing how the network topology and cluster heads change over time as nodes move. It displays information like each node's connectivity, transmission power used, and energy consumed to help evaluate the clustering algorithm. The goal is to test clustering approaches that can improve energy efficiency and prolong the network lifetime.
RITISH AGGARWAL
This document discusses clustering in wireless sensor networks. It begins with introducing wireless sensor networks and describing their architecture and applications. It then discusses the objective of clustering in wireless sensor networks, which is to minimize energy dissipation and maximize network lifetime. Various clustering algorithms are described, including LEACH and EEUC. EEUC is an energy-efficient unequal clustering algorithm that forms clusters of unequal size to reduce energy consumption of nodes farther from the base station. The document concludes that EEUC helps balance energy consumption among nodes and improves network lifetime.
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学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
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◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
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Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
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IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
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Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptx
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
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Problems encountered in Routing Algorithms for 2D-Mesh NoCs
- 1. Prepared by: Sandeep Kumar Singh M.Tech, 3rd Sem. MTMC/13/02 Guide: Abir J. Mondal, Asst. Prof. ,ECE Department
- 2. Contents Introduction Why Network-on-Chip is needed? Routing Algorithm Problems Future Works References
- 3. Introduction The process of incorporating numerous components onto a single chip has led to the reduction in size of many portable devices and an increase in the computational capabilities. The NoC design methodology connects different IP blocks by a packet based on chip network. PE Router
- 4. Why Network-on-Chip is needed? As VLSI technology is progressing towards deep submicron era, more and more blocks of processing elements are integrated on a single chip resulting in system-on-chip. The bus based interconnections are not a suitable choice for MPSoC because of power and latency issue.
- 5. ROUTING ALGORITHM XY Routing S-XY Routing Turn Models West-First Routing North-Last Routing Negative-First Routing
- 6. Problems Deadlock:- Deadlock is a situation in a network where a number of messages wait for each others and none of them can proceed. It is a result from a cyclic dependency between the packets. Deadlocks can be handled in two ways: to prevent them from happening (deadlock avoidance) or cope with the situation when a deadlock appears (deadlock recovery).
- 7. Cont… Livelock:- Livelock occurs when the routing of a packet never leads it to its destination. Livelock is possible only when routing is adaptive (not along a predetermined path) and non-minimal. Starvation:- Starvation is similar to deadlock, but occurs when a packet waits for an event that can happen but never does.
- 8. Algorithms….. XY Routing : XY routing is a dimension order routing which routes packets first in x- direction to the correct row and then in y- direction to the receiver. S-XY Routing :
- 9. Turn Models A unique feature of the model is that it is not based adding physical or virtual channels to direct networks. Instead, the model is based on analyzing the directions in which packets can turn in a network and the cycles that the turns can form. Prohibiting just enough turns to break all of the cycles produces routing algorithms that are deadlock free, livelock free, minimal or non-minimal, and highly adaptive.
- 10. Turn Models West-First Routing • North-Last Routing Negative-First Routing
- 11. Future Work Working towards a fault tolerant routing algorithm to eliminate all the problems………. hardware realization of an Routing Algorithm on Spartan 3E –Xilinx kit using Verilog. Hardware realization of Router Micro-architecture.
- 12. Reference C. J Glass and L.M Ni, “ The turn model for adaptive routing,” Journal of ACM, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 874-902, Sep. 1994. M.Pirretti et al, “ Fault tolerant algorithm for networks on chip interconnect,” in IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI, Lafayette, LA, Feb. 2004, pp. 46-51. G M. Chiu. The odd-even turn model for adaptive routing Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 11,no. 7, pp. 729-738, 2000. L Benini, G. De Micheli, “Networks on Chips: A new SoC Paradigm”, Computer, Volume: 35 Issue: 1 Jan, 2002, pp: 70-78.
- 13. Thank You…
Editor's Notes
- SoC:-A system on a chip or system on chip (SoC or SOC) is an integrated circuit (IC) that integrates all components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip.
- Latency:-Message latency is the time elapsed between the time a message is generated at its source node and the time the message is delivered at its destination node.