The document defines a pest as anything that competes with or harms humans, animals, or plants by causing injury, spreading disease, or being a nuisance. It describes different types of pests including insects, spiders, microbes, weeds, mollusks, and vertebrates. The principles of pest control are to only take action when pests are causing unacceptable harm and to use the least harmful methods. Integrated Pest Management involves identifying pests, determining if control is needed, evaluating control options, and using a combination of cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical tactics if needed to keep pest populations below damaging levels.

1. Principles
of
Pest
Control
EMW3
1

2. Definition of a Pest
EMW3
2

3. Definition of a Pest
• A pest is anything that:
– competes with humans, domestic animals,
or desirable plants for food or water.
EMW3
3

4. Definition of a Pest
• A pest is anything that:
– injures humans, animals, desirable plants,
structures, or possessions.
EMW3
4

5. Definition of a Pest
• A pest is anything that:
– spreads disease to humans, domestic
animals, wildlife, or desirable plants.
EMW3
5

6. Definition of a Pest
• A pest is anything that:
– annoys humans or domestic animals.
EMW3
6

7. Types of Pests
• Insects (insecticides)
– beetles, caterpillars, aphids
EMW3
7

8. Types of Pests
• Insect-like organisms
– spiders, ticks, mites
EMW3
8

9. Types of Pests
• Microbial organisms (fungicides)
– bacteria, fungi, nematodes, viruses, mycoplasmas
EMW3
9

10. Types of Pests
• Weeds (herbicides)
– plant growing where it is not wanted
EMW3
10

11. Types of Pests
• Mollusks
– snails, slugs
EMW3
11

12. Types of Pests
• Vertebrates (rodenticides, predicides)
– rats, mice, birds, coyotes
EMW3
12

13. Pest Control is…….
• To control a pest only
when it is causing or is
expected to cause
more harm than is
reasonable to accept.
EMW3
13

14. Pest Control is…….
• To use a control
strategy that will
reduce the pest
numbers to an
acceptable level.
EMW3
14

15. Pest Control is…….
• To cause as little harm
as possible to
everything except the
pest.
EMW3
15

16. Pest Control Goals
• Prevention
• Suppression
• Eradication
EMW3
16

17. Threshold Levels……
• Are the levels of pest
populations at which pest
control action needs to be
taken to prevent the pest
from causing unacceptable
injury or harm.
EMW3
17

18. Avoiding Harmful Effects
• Choose the pest control
method that will best
control the pest with the
least harmful effect to the
environment.
EMW3
18

19. Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) is…
• the combining of
appropriate pest control
tactics into a single plan
to reduce pests and their
damage to an acceptable
level.
EMW3
19

20. Integrated Pest
Management (IPM)
• To solve pest problems using
IPM:
– Identify the pest
– Is control needed?
– What controls are available?
– Evaluate the risks and benefits
EMW3
20

21. Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) is
• To solve pest problems (con't):
– choose a control strategy that will be
most effective and cause the least harm
to people and the environment
– use each tactic in the strategy correctly
– observe Local, State, and Federal laws.
EMW3
21

22. Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) is
• Natural Controls
– climate
– natural enemies
– natural barriers
– food and water supply
– shelter
EMW3
22

23. Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) is
• Applied controls
– host resistance
• resistant varieties
– biological control
• natural enemies
– cultural control
• plowing, crop rotation, fertilizing, etc.
EMW3
23

24. Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) is
• Applied controls (con't)
– mechanical control
• traps, screens, fences
– sanitation
• remove crop residues, cleanliness
– chemical control
• use of pesticides
EMW3
24

25. IPM Monitoring
(questions to ask)
• What kinds of pests are present?
• Are the numbers great enough to
warrant control?
• Have the control efforts successfully
reduced the number of pests?
EMW3
25

26. Pest Control Failures
• pest is resistant to pesticide
Pesticide resistance describes the decreased susceptibility of a pest
population to a pesticide that was previously effective at controlling the
pest.
EMW3
26

27. Pest Control Failures
• incorrect pesticide
The wrong pesticide
EMW3
27

28. Pest Control Failures
• incorrect application method
i.e. The wrong equipment
EMW3
28

29. Pest Control Failures
• incorrect pest identification
The wrong bug
EMW3
29

30. Pest Control Failures
• incorrect dosage
i.e. Too much water
EMW3
30

31. Key Points
• A PEST is anything that competes, injures, spreads
disease, or annoys humans, domestic animals, or
desirable plants.
• Pest Control is to control a pest only when it is
causing or is expected to cause more harm than
is reasonable to acceptable.
• Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is the
combining of appropriate pest control tactics into
a single plan to reduce pests and their damage to
an acceptable level.
Acknowledgments: Thanks to the University of Wyoming extension.
I reworked this PPT using the information from University of Wyoming extension.
EMW3
31