This document discusses the key principles and factors to consider when planning and building a structure. It outlines that building planning is arranging components in a systematic way to achieve the functional purpose. Key factors that affect planning include the function, site conditions, climate, and building regulations. Proper orientation and placement of components with respect to sun, wind and rain is important. The document then discusses various principles of planning like aspect, privacy, circulation, grouping, and flexibility to create an efficient and comfortable design.

1. What Is Planning & Building Planning ?
• It is the process of thinking about and organization the
activities required to achieve a desired goal.
• Building planning is the arrangement of various component or
unit of a building in a systematic manner so as to form a
meaningful and homogeneous structure to meet its functional
purpose.

2. Factors Affect Planning OfBuilding
• Function of building (residential ,public, commercial ,industrial
etc.)
• Shape and size of the plot
• Topography
• Climatic condition
• Building bye-
lawas etc.

3. Orientation
• Orientation means placing so as to face East.
• Proper placement of component of building with respect to
sun , wind and rain which enables the inmates to enjoy the
desirable feature of nature.
• Factor affecting orientation are:
• Temperature
• Wind
• Humidity

4. C.B.R.I Suggestion ForOrientation
• The building should receive maximum solar radiation in
winter and minimum in summer.
• In hot climates living rooms on the south and west sides
should be protected by verandah , bathroom, store etc.
• For hot and humid zones the orientation is governed by the direction
of the breeze.
• Exposure to sun can be reduced by shady trees on sunny side and
also be keeping the shorter walls on east and
west.
• All the rooms which are occupied in the day time should
preferably be placed on north and east side.
• The bed rooms should be placed in the direction of prevailing wind
and at the same time protected by verandah from the heat of
afternoon sun.

5. Room Location in house
Bed room North or NW
Verandah South or West
Store room, study room North
Kitchen East
Rooms mostly used during day North or East
Staircase and garage West
Direction of longer outer walls North-South direction
Direction of shorter outer walls East –West direction
South side wall Must have chhajja
West side wall No chhajja but verandah
Window Towards East and South
Best facing of the house Towards North

6. Principal OfPlanning
• Aspect
• Prospect
• Privacy
• Circulatio
n
• Roomine
ss
• Grouping
• Elegance
• Sanitation
• Flexibility
• Economy
• Practical
consideration

7. Aspect
• Placement of different rooms of house in accordance with our
activities at different hours of day.
• Rooms should get enough sunlight and air, which gives,
• Great environment
• Comfort
• etc
• A room which receives light & air from particular direction is said to
have ‘aspect’ of that direction.

8. Type of room Suggested Aspect
Living room,
drawing room
S, SE
Bed room SW, NW
Dining room South ,SE
Kitchen East , NE
Verandah West , SW
Study room N

9. Aspect

10. Prospect
• Prospect is the view from outside of a house.
• The house should have a proper prospect so that it can give a
feeling of cheerfulness to the people living in it.
• It should create a good impressionon a person who views it from
outside.
• It must also possessgood qualities like comfort,
cheerfulness, security, labour saving and modern outlook.
• For e.g. Small Projections or bay window can have a good out-
look as well as helps in providing breeze, light and sunlight to
the room.

12. Privacy
• It is an important
principle while
planning a residential
building.
• Privacy can be
maintained in ways:
1. External
2. Internal

13. ExternalPrivacy
• The privacy from sides
can be secured by
providing planned
entrance and pathways.
screening the front
• This can achieved
by
and
rear
entrance.

14. Internal Privacy
• Privacy in internal rooms can
be easily obtain by proper
planning of diff. areas and
location of doors and windows.
• The shutter when opened
should give the minimum
view of room for an entering
persons.

15. Circulation
• Circulation is movement within the premises and includes
both horizontal and vertical circulation.
• Horizontal circulation ( room to room)
• Passage
• Corridors
• Lobbies etc.
• Vertical circulation (floor to floor)
• Stairs

16. Roominess
• Roominess means getting maximum advantage from the
minimum dimension of the room.
• The effect of roominess depend on the relative dimension of
length, width and height of room.
• The shape and size of the room are also very important for
roominess. A rectangular room has more roominess then
square room in same area.

17. Grouping
• Grouping means the arrangement of various rooms in the
building for the convenience of user.
• It minimizes the circulation and at the same time
improves the comfort.
• A dinning room should be close to kitchen ,while sanitary be
away from kitchen, but convenient to bed rooms.

18. Elegance
• Elegance is grand appearance of a building attained mainly
owing to the elevation which in turn depends on the plan.
• It depends upon proper positioning/selection of doors,
windows, balcony, roofs, staircase etc.
• For better elegance
• Selecting superior building material for facing as polished stone-
granite,
marble or mosaic.
• Providing projection like sunshades, balconies, porch with or without
pergola opening.
• Providing bay window, corner window, etc.

20. Sanitation
• It includes providing light ,ventilation, cleanliness, water
supply and sanitary amenities.
• For residential building window area should not less then
1/10th of floor area.
• In school not less than 1/5th of the floor area.

21. Flexibility
• Flexibility means that a
room which is planned for
one function be used for
other, if required.
• Like study room may be
planned for using guest
room. Etc..

22. Economy
• The building should have minimum floor area with maximum
utility.it will reduce cost of the building .hence, it will be
economical.
• Economy can achieved
by:
• Providing simple elevation.
• Reducing the storey height.
• Dispensing of porches, lobbies and balconies.

23. PracticalConsideration
• After the all fundamental some practical points should be
additionally considered:
• Provision for future extensions without dismantling should be made
while planning.
• Strength, stability, convenience and comfort of occupants, should
be the first consideration while planning.
• As far as possible sizes of rooms should be kept large.Large room
can be shortened by providing movable partition but smaller
room cannot be enlarge easily.
• The number of door and window should be minimum provisions for
built in furniture at proper places are useful from point of view of
utility.