The presentation explains the various principles of design namely proportion, rhythm, harmony, emphasis and balance

1. Study Material Prepared by
Dr. S. Aishwariya,
Asst. Prof., Dept of Textiles & Clothing,
Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and
Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

2. CONTENTS
The presentation focuses on PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
1. Proportion or scale
2. Balance – Symmetrical and Asymmetrical and Radial
3. Emphasis – Plain background, decoration, Contrast colour
4. Rhythm – Repetition , Alteration, progression, continuous
line movement,
5. Harmony - line, shape, colour texture and idea

3. Design
• Keep it simple and eliminate the clutter
• Don’t fill white space with garbage
• Build a unique internal structure
• Manipulate shape of image and text to correlate together

4. 1. Proportion or scale

5. Proportion or scale
oIt means the size relationship between the
objects
oThis refers to the proper or harmonious
relationship of one part of the design with
other, or one design to the whole
oIn this size refers to the relative size of
one object to another object in one work
of art or size of elements in a composition
oProportion is size relationship of parts to
the whole object

7. The picture shows
that small and average
size designs work best
rather than huge
overpowering,
non-proportionate
designs

8. 2. Balance – Symmetrical and Asymmetrical and Radial

9. Balance – arrangement of design to create
a sense of equilibrium
• It is defined as a state of equilibrium or steadiness among parts with
equal interval on either side of the imaginary centre line
• It creates quality among parts of the design and outfit
• Symmetrical – Formal balance – creates a sense of class and
formality
• Asymmetrical - This is attention attractive and dynamic
• It needs skill to distribute the blank space
• Radial – Balanced around a centre element
• Overall - Balance is not uniform and can look noisy

10. Symmetrical

11. Asymmetrical

12. Radial Balance

13. Radial Balance

14. Radial Balance

15. Radial Balance

17. Find out
formal/
informal and
radial designs
among these

18. 3. Rhythm through Repetition ,
Alteration,
Progression,
Continuous line movement,

19. Rhythm or movement – guide flow of eye
through the design
• This means anything that contain repetition and variety
Eg: Stripes on a shirt
• Rhythm is achieved when the line, shape, colour ,
texture and patterns in an outfit so that eye is taken
over the garment.
• The jerk from eye to eye is avoided and uniformity is
maintained.
• The use of recurring elements to direct the movement
of eye through an artwork is termed as rhythm
• Random, regular, alternating, progressive and flowing
are the basic types of rhythm

23. Rhythm through Repetition
• Eg: Row of buttons, trim on collar and cuffs

24. Rhythm through
Repetition

25. Rhythm through
Repetition

26. Rhythm through Alteration

27. Rhythm
through
Alteration

28. Rhythm through Progression
(Radial/ Moving forward/ Gradation/ advancing)

29. Rhythm through
Progression

30. Rhythm through Progression

31. Rhythm through
Continuous Line Movement

32. Rhythm through
Continuous Line
Movement
Eg: Kalamkari blouse material

33. Rhythm through
Continuous
Line Movement
Eg. Bralettes

34. Rhythm through
Continuous Line
Movement
Eg. Doodles

35. Emphasis through
Plain background,
Decoration,
Contrast colour

36. Emphasis – part of design that draws the
attention of eye
• It is something that creates a focal point or point or point of interest
in a space
• When a special attention is given to one part of the design it is called
emphasis
• This is the focal point in that design
• It draws attention and interest within a composition
• It can be done by placing the design against Plain background, by
creating emphasis using Decoration, or by the use of two or more
contrast colours

37. Emphasis through Plain background

38. Emphasis through Plain background

39. Emphasis through Decoration

40. Emphasis through Decoration

41. Emphasis through Decoration
Did u know how cuff buttons were invented a
by whom?

42. Emphasis through
Contrast colour

43. Harmony through line, shape, colour texture and idea

44. Harmony –
arrangement of elements of design to a coherent
• The arrangement of elements to
give the viewer the feeling that
all parts of the piece form a
coherent whole.
• Harmony is the overall look of
the garment
• Harmony can be achieved by using the elements of design and principles on a
plain space that is both visually appealing and also balanced
• All parts of the visual image relate to and complement each other

46. Harmony through line

47. Harmony through line (Curved)

48. Harmony through line

51. Harmony through line

52. Harmony through shape

53. Harmony through shape

54. Harmony
through
shape

55. Harmony through texture

56. Harmony through Idea

59. Harmony through texture

66. Thank you!!!