This document discusses key principles of design in visual arts: harmony, balance, proportion, rhythm, and emphasis. Harmony is achieved through establishing relationships between elements. Balance gives a feeling of stability and can be formal (symmetrical) or informal (asymmetrical). Proportion involves comparing sizes of parts. Rhythm uses repetition to create organized movement. Emphasis produces focal points by drawing attention to certain forms. These principles help artists express ideas and create beautiful, interesting works.

1. Organization in the
Visual Arts

2. Principles of Design
• Through these principles, the artist can form more
beautiful and interesting color harmonies and more
beautiful combination of shaped, texture and lines.
• Design makes it easier for an artist to express his ideas in
such a way that the observer becomes interested in his
work.

4. Harmony
• In the visual art, it is achieved by establishing a pleasing
relationship between the various elements. There is
harmony if the various parts of design will give an
appearance of belonging together.
• In other words, there must be unity.

6. Balance
• A pleasing relationship between the various elements of a
work of art is not the only requirement for beauty. These
elements must be arranged that a feeling of balance and
equilibrium exists between them.
• If all the parts are equally distributed around a central
point, we achieve balance.
• If weighs are equally distributed on each side of a center or
fulcrum, as in a see-saw, we have balance.
• Balance gives a feeling of stability and rest.

7. Balance may be either formal or
informal
•Formal Balance – it is also called
symmetrical balance. This is
achieve by making both sides
exactly alike.

8. Formal Balance

9. Informal Balance
• Informal of asymmetrical balance. It also sometimes called
occult balance. It is more difficult to achieve than formal
balance. It is achieved when objects of unequal weighs or
unequal attractions are placed at the correct distances
from the center as when a large object or an object with a
stronger attraction is placed near the center while the
smaller object or one with the less striking attraction is
moved farther out from the center.

10. Informal Balance

11. Informal Balance

12. Proportion
• Proportion is determined by a comparison of the size of
different parts of an object or of an arrangement.
• Objects which are “out of proportion” are not pleasing to
look at.
• The normal human body is an illustration of fine spacing.
The waistline is not found halfway between the head and
the soles of the feet. It is found well above the halfway
mark. The head is not too big not to small for the rest of the
body.

13. Rhythm
• Rhythm is organized movement, a beat, a repetition.
Through the repetition of lines or forms, a pattern is
produced which the eye follows as it moves from the right
to the left.
• Through the use of color, charming patterns will be formed
that will carry the eye form one part of a room to another.

14. Rhythm

15. Emphasis
•Quality of design is called emphasis
or subordination. Emphasis is
produced by the design of form that
catches our attention while the rest
are subordinated or not noticed at all.

16. Emphasis