This document discusses methods for preventing dental caries. It outlines three levels of prevention: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease onset through plaque control, patient education, and sealants. Secondary prevention limits disease progression through treatments like resin restoration and pulp capping at early stages. Tertiary prevention limits disability by complex restorative dentistry once disease has caused limitations. Methods of control include chemical approaches like fluorides, nutritional changes like reducing sugars, and mechanical cleaning. Vaccines and caries solvent gels are also discussed as potential prevention and treatment methods.

1. PREVENTION OF
DENTAL CARIES
BY:
Syed usama shayan
Supervision:
Dr.umair

2. CONTENTS:
1. Introduction
2. Aims of prevention
3. Levels of prevention
4. Methods of control caries

3. INTRODUCTION
“Dental caries is an irreversible microbial
disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth,
characterized by demineralization of the
inorganic portion and destruction of the
organic substance of the tooth , which often
leads to cavitations”

4. AIMS OF PREVENTION
Limiting pathogen growth and
metabolism
 Limitation of caries activity
 Early detection of incipient
caries
 Identification of high risk
patients

5. LEVELS OF PREVENTION
I. Primary prevention
II. Secondary prevention
III.Tertiary prevention

6. Primary prevention
• Actions taken prior to the onset of
the disease, which removes the
possibility that the disease will ever
occur
• By plaque control programme, caries
activity test, patient education, topical
application, pit and fissure sealants

7. Secondary prevention
• Limits the progression and
extent of a disease at as
early stage as possible after
onset.
• By preventive resin
restoration, pulp capping.

8. Tertiary prevention
• Limits the extent of disabilities
once a disease has caused any
functional limitation.
By complex restorative dentistry.

9. METHODS TO CONTROL CARIES
1.Chemical methods
2.Nutritional methods
3.Mechanical methods

10. Chemical methods
 Substances which :
 Alter the tooth surface or structure
Examples: Fluorides & Iodides
 Interfere with carbohydrate degradation
through enzymatic alteration.
Examples: Vit. K
 •Interfere with bacterial growth and
metabolism.
Examples: Anticariogenic Agent

11. Nutritional methods
 Restriction of refined carbohydrate
(remove food's nutritional value, including B-complex
vitamins, healthy oils and fat-soluble vitamins) intake
 Avoiding sugar in between meals
 Phosphate diet (cause calcification)

12. Mechanical methods
1. Tooth brushing
2. Interdental cleaning aids
3. Disclosing agents
4. Detergent foods
5. Salivary stimulants
6. Pit and fissure sealants

13. INFORMATION

14. CARIES VACCINES
• The International Association for Dental Research
and American Association for Dental Research
announced a study performed by the Chinese
Academy of Sciences which looked at using an
inhaled vaccine that uses a protein filament as a
delivery vehicle. Trials performed in rats showed an
increase in antibody response along with a decrease
in the amount of Streptococcus mutans adhering to
teeth, leading to significantly fewer cavities observed
among the test population

15. Oral route
• Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues
(GALT) to elicit protective salivary IgA
antibody responses. In these studies,
antigen was applied by
1. oral feeding,
2. gastric intubation,
3. in vaccine-containing capsules

16. Intranasal route
• Intranasal installation of antigen,
which targets the Nasal-Associated
Lymphoid Tissue (NALT)
Tonsillar route
Tonsillar tissue contains the required
elements of immune induction of secretory
IgA responses although IgG, rather than
IgA, response characteristics are dominant
in this tissue

17. Caries Solvent
• It is a natural endoprotein enzyme based gel
formulation for non invasive and non traumatic
removal of infected dentine from carious lesion. The
technique involves the application of this gel to cause
a selective softening of carious dentine and facilitate
removal by gentle excavation thus allowing maximum
preservation of healthy dental structure. The gel also
contains therapeutic oils for antiseptic, anti-
inflammatory and antibacterial action, food grade
dye for localization, water and salts.
• The gel contains papain (papaya extract), a
proteolytic cysteine enzyme