Desquamative gingivitis is described as an erythematous, desquamated or eroded gingival lesion. Various etiologic factors are present for the appearance of such lesions. Despite of considering etiology, treatment is oftenly provided by systemic or topical corticosteroids. Apart from steroid application, another optionable treatment is antioxidant therapy which provides rapid healing of the tissue. As antioxidants posses various advantageous properties, it can be considered as a first treatment option for desquamative gingivitis. The presented case report of desquamative gingivitis is successfully treated using systemic antioxidants in the form of commercially available „oxitard capsule‟.
LSTR 3mix MP important efficacy particularly antibacterial and periapical le...Dr.Aklaqur Rahman Chayon
Author:-
Dr Nurjahan Afsary
BDS(DU),Post graduation training in
Conservative dentistry.Dhaka dental College.
Consultant dental surgeon at AR DENTAL Maxillofacial care Research and training center ,N oral health and dental care.
Co-author:-
Dr Aklaqur Rahman BDS(Dhaka dental College)
LSTR 3mix MP important efficacy particularly antibacterial and periapical lesions during conservative treatment in the dentistry like RCT and other endodontics management;Case Studies
EFFICACY IN REDUCING BACTERIAL CONTENT IN ORAL CAVITY BY CANNABINIODS IN ORAL...DrHeena tiwari
The document discusses a study that compared the efficacy of cannabinoids and popular oral care products (Oral-B and Colgate) in reducing bacterial content in dental plaque. Plaque samples were collected from 30 participants and exposed to cannabinoid toothpaste, Oral-B, and Colgate. Cannabinoids were found to significantly reduce bacterial colony counts compared to the other products. The results suggest cannabinoids may be more effective at controlling oral bacteria and could provide a personalized alternative to traditional oral care products.
Full Mouth Disinfection Versus Scaling and Root Planing per Quadrant in Agg...DR. ZERAIBI N
This document summarizes a systematic review comparing the effectiveness of full-mouth disinfection (FMD) versus scaling and root planing by quadrant (SRP-Q) for treating aggressive periodontitis. The review included two studies that found:
1) FMD resulted in slightly greater reductions in probing depth and clinical attachment loss compared to SRP-Q in some cases, but differences were minor.
2) One study found a statistically significant difference in bleeding on probing favoring FMD, while the other found no significant differences between the treatments.
3) Due to limitations and heterogeneity between studies, the review could not draw clear conclusions about the comparative effectiveness of FMD versus SRP-Q for treating aggressive periodontitis
Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy by Dr Santosh Martandesantoshmds
Review and Essay Material on Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy. Illustrative Contents for proper presentation on all aspects of NSPT. The Presentation helps in drafting A to Z of NSPT. Readers are encouraged to add newer studies and ideas under each aspect of NSPT.
Azithromycin as an adjunctive treatment of generalized severe chronic periodontitis: clinical, microbiological and biochemical parameters.
This study examined the efficacy of azithromycin used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy over 6 months in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. Results showed that both the azithromycin and placebo groups had reductions in pocket depth and clinical attachment level, with similar percentages of deep pockets converting to shallow depths. Microbiological results found reductions in pathogenic bacteria in both groups, with some greater reduction of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the azithromycin group. The study concluded that while azithromycin may provide some benefit, it did not show
IgE Reactivity to Latex in sera of Indian Patients: An Original Research". DrHeena tiwari
This study assessed IgE reactivity to latex in the sera of 27 Indian patients with latex allergy compared to 18 control subjects. Skin prick tests found reactions in all patient sera but only 7 showed significant IgE levels to latex antigens by ELISA. Two latex extracts (LE-1 and LE-2) from rubber tree sap were analyzed. LE-2 showed 10-12 protein bands by SDS-PAGE and elicited a significant IgE response in patients compared to controls by ELISA, indicating it contains clinically relevant antigens. The results suggest that reagents containing multiple latex antigens are needed to properly evaluate latex allergy, as immunologic responses may vary between populations and latex product formulations.
LSTR 3mix MP important efficacy particularly antibacterial and periapical le...Dr.Aklaqur Rahman Chayon
Author:-
Dr Nurjahan Afsary
BDS(DU),Post graduation training in
Conservative dentistry.Dhaka dental College.
Consultant dental surgeon at AR DENTAL Maxillofacial care Research and training center ,N oral health and dental care.
Co-author:-
Dr Aklaqur Rahman BDS(Dhaka dental College)
LSTR 3mix MP important efficacy particularly antibacterial and periapical lesions during conservative treatment in the dentistry like RCT and other endodontics management;Case Studies
EFFICACY IN REDUCING BACTERIAL CONTENT IN ORAL CAVITY BY CANNABINIODS IN ORAL...DrHeena tiwari
The document discusses a study that compared the efficacy of cannabinoids and popular oral care products (Oral-B and Colgate) in reducing bacterial content in dental plaque. Plaque samples were collected from 30 participants and exposed to cannabinoid toothpaste, Oral-B, and Colgate. Cannabinoids were found to significantly reduce bacterial colony counts compared to the other products. The results suggest cannabinoids may be more effective at controlling oral bacteria and could provide a personalized alternative to traditional oral care products.
Full Mouth Disinfection Versus Scaling and Root Planing per Quadrant in Agg...DR. ZERAIBI N
This document summarizes a systematic review comparing the effectiveness of full-mouth disinfection (FMD) versus scaling and root planing by quadrant (SRP-Q) for treating aggressive periodontitis. The review included two studies that found:
1) FMD resulted in slightly greater reductions in probing depth and clinical attachment loss compared to SRP-Q in some cases, but differences were minor.
2) One study found a statistically significant difference in bleeding on probing favoring FMD, while the other found no significant differences between the treatments.
3) Due to limitations and heterogeneity between studies, the review could not draw clear conclusions about the comparative effectiveness of FMD versus SRP-Q for treating aggressive periodontitis
Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy by Dr Santosh Martandesantoshmds
Review and Essay Material on Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy. Illustrative Contents for proper presentation on all aspects of NSPT. The Presentation helps in drafting A to Z of NSPT. Readers are encouraged to add newer studies and ideas under each aspect of NSPT.
Azithromycin as an adjunctive treatment of generalized severe chronic periodontitis: clinical, microbiological and biochemical parameters.
This study examined the efficacy of azithromycin used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy over 6 months in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. Results showed that both the azithromycin and placebo groups had reductions in pocket depth and clinical attachment level, with similar percentages of deep pockets converting to shallow depths. Microbiological results found reductions in pathogenic bacteria in both groups, with some greater reduction of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the azithromycin group. The study concluded that while azithromycin may provide some benefit, it did not show
IgE Reactivity to Latex in sera of Indian Patients: An Original Research". DrHeena tiwari
This study assessed IgE reactivity to latex in the sera of 27 Indian patients with latex allergy compared to 18 control subjects. Skin prick tests found reactions in all patient sera but only 7 showed significant IgE levels to latex antigens by ELISA. Two latex extracts (LE-1 and LE-2) from rubber tree sap were analyzed. LE-2 showed 10-12 protein bands by SDS-PAGE and elicited a significant IgE response in patients compared to controls by ELISA, indicating it contains clinically relevant antigens. The results suggest that reagents containing multiple latex antigens are needed to properly evaluate latex allergy, as immunologic responses may vary between populations and latex product formulations.
This document provides an overview of various non-surgical periodontal therapy approaches including air-powder polishing, photodynamic therapy, lasers, biofilm decontamination, perioprotect, ozone therapy, and more. It summarizes several studies that evaluated the efficacy, safety and outcomes of these therapies. The document finds that air-powder polishing is effective and safe for removing subgingival biofilm when used as recommended. Photodynamic therapy shows potential as an adjunct to scaling and root planing but more high-quality studies are still needed. Biofilm decontamination approaches using desiccants also show promise but require more research.
Benzydamine anti-inflammatory, anesthetic mouthwash: all evidence - ICPA Heal...ICPA Care
High-quality evidence and international guidelines recommend the use of Benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash as an anti-inflammatory agent in highly inflammatory conditions, such as oral mucositis resulting from cancer therapy.
Use of chlorhexidine mouthwash to crush the covid 19 pandemicICPA Care
Along with safe distancing, proper use of masks, hand sanitization, and eye wear, chlorhexidine can reduce virus transmission effectively, safeguard the doctors and clinics, offices and households from indoor transmission. It can also help hospitalized patients to reduce their oropharyngeal viral load effectively.
The study says that chlorhexidine is a simple and safe addition to current COVID‐19 prevention guidelines and may significantly reduce disease spread.
Benzydamine mouthwash, curcumin and honey prevent and reduce oral mucositis s...ICPA Care
Oral Mucositis (OM) is a severely debilitating condition that occurs secondary to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer patients. It is important to maintain oral cleansing, reduce the risk of oral infections, and promote oral comfort. Oral care has been suggested to play a role in oral mucositis progression. The evidence on which agents can help was scarce so far. For the first time, we have two network meta-analyses (published in 2020) that have compared various oral care solutions and ranked them based on their beneficial role in preventing or reducing the severity of oral mucositis. Benzydamine mouthwash along with traditional curcumin & honey can prevent or reduce the severity of oral mucositis. This evidence can be utilized for a wider range of applications in dentistry – even in non-cancer patients.
Comparative Effects of Chewing Gums in Oral Health: An Original ResearchDrHeena tiwari
This study assessed the effects of sugar-free chewing gum on oral health by comparing plaque index and DMFT scores between patients who chewed gum daily versus a control group. Forty patients were divided into two groups - one using sugar-free gum for 20 minutes daily and a control group. Plaque index and DMFT scores were assessed monthly for both groups. The gum group showed significantly lower plaque accumulation and fewer caries incidents compared to the control group after two months. However, the benefits decreased after longer use, possibly due to decreased compliance. The study concluded that sugar-free gum can improve oral health when used regularly as an adjunct to brushing and flossing by stimulating saliva and reducing plaque and caries risk.
The document discusses microbial shifts and their relationship to periodontitis. It begins by explaining how biofilms form and provide advantages to bacteria, including increased attachment, metabolic cooperation, antibiotic resistance, and avoidance of the immune system. Quorum sensing allows bacteria to communicate and maintain homeostasis. However, homeostasis can break down, leading to shifts in the microbial balance that predispose sites to disease. Specifically, the subgingival microflora shifts from mainly gram-positive to increased gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Adjunctive treatments for periodontitis are discussed, including antibiotics, antiseptics, host modulation therapy, photodynamic therapy, and probiotic therapy. The efficacy of treatment is assessed both biologically by examining
International Journal Of Biomedical and Advance Researchyehezkeil
1. The study assessed the clinical and antimicrobial effects of a sodium chlorite-based toothpaste and mouthwash compared to a conventional alcohol-based oral care product in 50 patients with chronic periodontitis over 12 months.
2. At 12 months, the sodium chlorite group showed significantly greater reductions in gingival index, plaque index, and levels of four pathogenic bacteria compared to the conventional product group.
3. The results suggest that the sodium chlorite-based oral care products may be more effective than conventional alcohol-based products in improving oral health outcomes for patients with periodontitis.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of hyaluronic acid as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. 42 subjects with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were divided into a test group that received subgingival hyaluronic acid gel application and a control group. Both groups received scaling and root planing. Clinical parameters like probing depth and attachment level significantly improved in both groups but were greater in the test group. Microbiological analysis found greater reductions in pathogenic bacteria in the test group. The study concludes that hyaluronic acid has positive adjunctive effects in reducing probing depths and preventing recolonization of periodontopathogens.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of the Tooth Brush Head Used On Orthodo...inventionjournals
Introduction: Oral diseases can be greatly controlled by reducing the microbial load in the oral cavity and this can be achieved by maintaining proper oral hygiene.Tooth brushes are the most commonly used oral hygiene aid to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases. The insertion of fixed appliances alters the oral microbiological profile, thus increasing the risk for caries and gingivitis considerably. Aim: To assess the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus between and among the brushes. Setting and Study Design: A Hospital setting and Randomized Control study design Methods:A total of 56 (MB) patients aged 16-26 years received a toothbrush [Regular soft bristle design (group-A) and Orthodontic bristle design (group B)],A sterile gamma radiated pouch and checklist was distributed to each participant. After 2 weeks period the brushes were collected and placed in 5ml saline solution (0.05g Sodium Chloride). The suspension was incubated on selective agar plates and the amount of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli for each brush head was assessed. Results:The retention of S.Mutanswas found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically more significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The retention of Lactobacillus was also found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically significant between the groups (P= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.101) observedamong the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus in two bristle designs. Conclusions: Regular soft bristle design had a higher microbial load than those of subjects using orthodontic bristle design, a more frequent replacement of toothbrushes during t treatment may be advisable. Due to significant differences between the two bristle designs, the orthodontic toothbrush is recommended for patients undergoing orthodontic t appliances
This document discusses antimicrobial agents used in periodontics. It begins by explaining that periodontitis is caused by bacteria and that while antibiotics can kill bacteria, they cannot remove calculus or bacterial residues like scaling and root planing can. Adjunctive local or systemic antimicrobial therapies are sometimes used in addition to mechanical debridement. Systemic antimicrobials may provide some additional benefits but also carry risks, so should only be used in certain situations. Local drug delivery directly into periodontal pockets is an alternative that avoids systemic effects but must maintain effective drug concentrations over time to be effective against the subgingival biofilm.
I read an article about non-surgical periodontal therapy, analyzed the information, and summarized it within a powerpoint. I then presented this presentation to my Dental Hygiene Theory I class. I found it useful for the class to be presented with an article explaining NSPT because this is the topic that was discussed on that particular day of class. With the knowledge provided in this presentation, hygienists can get a brief overview of NSPT.
This study evaluated the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone or in combination with diode laser therapy on clinical parameters and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in patients with chronic periodontitis. 22 patients received scaling and root planing either with or without subsequent laser pocket decontamination. Clinical measurements and TNF-α levels from gingival crevicular fluid were assessed at baseline and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-treatment. Both treatments significantly improved clinical parameters from baseline to 3 months. Laser therapy further reduced TNF-α levels at 1 month compared to nonsurgical therapy alone, but this effect was not sustained at 3 months. The study concluded that laser therapy provides additional short-term
MSX1 Polymorphism in an Eastern Nepalese Non Syndromic cleft lip/palate patie...Ashok Ayer
This study was carried out to evaluate the role of MSX1 799 G >T gene polymorphism with non Syndromic cleft lip/palate in Eastern Nepalese patient population. For the study, whole blood samples (2 ml) were obtained from 40 subjects and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of the subjects by using ethanol, chloroform treatment. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to check for the presence of polymorphism. The results indicated that a patient has MSX1 799 G>T variant. The
patient was a male aged 24 years was a complete unilateral left sided cleft lip/palate involving alveolus, hard and soft palate. He had normal development and no associated anomaly. There was no family history of cleft lip/palate and no history of any teratogenic exposure during embryonic life as revealed by his mother. This may be a case of sporadic polymorphism. It may be concluded that ,although we detected the presence of a MSX1 799 G>T polymorphism in one patient, a further investigation with large sample size, including many SNP’s on families must be performed to get conclusive results.
Los primeros filósofos griegos propusieron diversas teorías sobre los elementos fundamentales de la realidad. Tales de Mileto argumentó que todo proviene del agua. Anaximandro propuso que la materia fundamental es el apeiron, algo indefinido e ilimitado. Anaxímenes sostuvo que el aire es el elemento primordial del que derivan todos los demás. Pitágoras creía que los números subyacen a la estructura del universo. Heráclito afirmó que todo está en constante cambio según el logos. Parménides consideró que
Fınancıal Rısk Management 'S Impact On Company Valueinventionjournals
This document summarizes a study examining the impact of financial risk management on company value. It provides background on the increased importance of financial risk management for companies due to globalization and financial instability. It then discusses various financial risk management methods companies use, including identifying risks, risk measurement techniques like decision trees and the Capital Asset Pricing Model, and developing risk management strategies. The study aims to analyze how effective financial risk management may increase company profitability and value.
Towards Indian Agricultural Information: A Need Based Information Flow Modelinventionjournals
Information is crucial for agriculture and rural development. ICT based services in agriculture is gaining importance day by day. Paper proposes to study the nature of agricultural information its uniqueness and problems of handling and organization. Agri informatics and use of different web portals for agriculture also discussed. Paper also highlighted the ICAR and IARIs contribution towards development of NARS (National Agricultural Research System) and models showing Information flow and strategic plan for organization of agricultural information. Some recommendations for proper organization and dissemination of agricultural information have been made to reach grass root level with desired agricultural information.
Clinical and Laboratory Prognostic Factors in Malignant form of Mediterranean...inventionjournals
Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) caused by Rickettsia conorii has become a significant health risk for suffering people and international travelers. In the past, overlooked as a serious disease, at present it is known that MSF was wrongly considered a benign condition. In this report, we present a set of clinical features and laboratory parameters in 55 patients (19 fatalities and 36 survivors) with malignant forms of the disease. The purpose of the study was to outline the prognostic factors of the fatal outcome in patients with malignant MSF. Based on our data, the main prediction factors for mortality in malignant MSF patients were: advanced age, delayed hospital admission, severe concomitant diseases, and failure to start or to complete appropriate antibiotic treatment. Laboratory prognostic factors in fatalities were: leukocytosis with a marked shift to the left; extremely high serum urea and creatinine levels; low levels of fibrinogen and prolongation of thrombin time. The most frequently involved organ systems of malignant cases were: central nervous system 100%, liver 92.72%, kidneys 60%, lungs 58.18%, myocardium 30.9%, and gastrointestinal tract 23.63%. The conducted histopathological investigations revealed lethal complications: encephalitis, brain edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, non-cardiogenic lung swelling, acute myocarditis, gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagicnecrotizing pancreatitis and acute renal failure.
This document provides an overview of various non-surgical periodontal therapy approaches including air-powder polishing, photodynamic therapy, lasers, biofilm decontamination, perioprotect, ozone therapy, and more. It summarizes several studies that evaluated the efficacy, safety and outcomes of these therapies. The document finds that air-powder polishing is effective and safe for removing subgingival biofilm when used as recommended. Photodynamic therapy shows potential as an adjunct to scaling and root planing but more high-quality studies are still needed. Biofilm decontamination approaches using desiccants also show promise but require more research.
Benzydamine anti-inflammatory, anesthetic mouthwash: all evidence - ICPA Heal...ICPA Care
High-quality evidence and international guidelines recommend the use of Benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash as an anti-inflammatory agent in highly inflammatory conditions, such as oral mucositis resulting from cancer therapy.
Use of chlorhexidine mouthwash to crush the covid 19 pandemicICPA Care
Along with safe distancing, proper use of masks, hand sanitization, and eye wear, chlorhexidine can reduce virus transmission effectively, safeguard the doctors and clinics, offices and households from indoor transmission. It can also help hospitalized patients to reduce their oropharyngeal viral load effectively.
The study says that chlorhexidine is a simple and safe addition to current COVID‐19 prevention guidelines and may significantly reduce disease spread.
Benzydamine mouthwash, curcumin and honey prevent and reduce oral mucositis s...ICPA Care
Oral Mucositis (OM) is a severely debilitating condition that occurs secondary to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer patients. It is important to maintain oral cleansing, reduce the risk of oral infections, and promote oral comfort. Oral care has been suggested to play a role in oral mucositis progression. The evidence on which agents can help was scarce so far. For the first time, we have two network meta-analyses (published in 2020) that have compared various oral care solutions and ranked them based on their beneficial role in preventing or reducing the severity of oral mucositis. Benzydamine mouthwash along with traditional curcumin & honey can prevent or reduce the severity of oral mucositis. This evidence can be utilized for a wider range of applications in dentistry – even in non-cancer patients.
Comparative Effects of Chewing Gums in Oral Health: An Original ResearchDrHeena tiwari
This study assessed the effects of sugar-free chewing gum on oral health by comparing plaque index and DMFT scores between patients who chewed gum daily versus a control group. Forty patients were divided into two groups - one using sugar-free gum for 20 minutes daily and a control group. Plaque index and DMFT scores were assessed monthly for both groups. The gum group showed significantly lower plaque accumulation and fewer caries incidents compared to the control group after two months. However, the benefits decreased after longer use, possibly due to decreased compliance. The study concluded that sugar-free gum can improve oral health when used regularly as an adjunct to brushing and flossing by stimulating saliva and reducing plaque and caries risk.
The document discusses microbial shifts and their relationship to periodontitis. It begins by explaining how biofilms form and provide advantages to bacteria, including increased attachment, metabolic cooperation, antibiotic resistance, and avoidance of the immune system. Quorum sensing allows bacteria to communicate and maintain homeostasis. However, homeostasis can break down, leading to shifts in the microbial balance that predispose sites to disease. Specifically, the subgingival microflora shifts from mainly gram-positive to increased gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Adjunctive treatments for periodontitis are discussed, including antibiotics, antiseptics, host modulation therapy, photodynamic therapy, and probiotic therapy. The efficacy of treatment is assessed both biologically by examining
International Journal Of Biomedical and Advance Researchyehezkeil
1. The study assessed the clinical and antimicrobial effects of a sodium chlorite-based toothpaste and mouthwash compared to a conventional alcohol-based oral care product in 50 patients with chronic periodontitis over 12 months.
2. At 12 months, the sodium chlorite group showed significantly greater reductions in gingival index, plaque index, and levels of four pathogenic bacteria compared to the conventional product group.
3. The results suggest that the sodium chlorite-based oral care products may be more effective than conventional alcohol-based products in improving oral health outcomes for patients with periodontitis.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of hyaluronic acid as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. 42 subjects with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were divided into a test group that received subgingival hyaluronic acid gel application and a control group. Both groups received scaling and root planing. Clinical parameters like probing depth and attachment level significantly improved in both groups but were greater in the test group. Microbiological analysis found greater reductions in pathogenic bacteria in the test group. The study concludes that hyaluronic acid has positive adjunctive effects in reducing probing depths and preventing recolonization of periodontopathogens.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of the Tooth Brush Head Used On Orthodo...inventionjournals
Introduction: Oral diseases can be greatly controlled by reducing the microbial load in the oral cavity and this can be achieved by maintaining proper oral hygiene.Tooth brushes are the most commonly used oral hygiene aid to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases. The insertion of fixed appliances alters the oral microbiological profile, thus increasing the risk for caries and gingivitis considerably. Aim: To assess the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus between and among the brushes. Setting and Study Design: A Hospital setting and Randomized Control study design Methods:A total of 56 (MB) patients aged 16-26 years received a toothbrush [Regular soft bristle design (group-A) and Orthodontic bristle design (group B)],A sterile gamma radiated pouch and checklist was distributed to each participant. After 2 weeks period the brushes were collected and placed in 5ml saline solution (0.05g Sodium Chloride). The suspension was incubated on selective agar plates and the amount of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli for each brush head was assessed. Results:The retention of S.Mutanswas found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically more significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The retention of Lactobacillus was also found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically significant between the groups (P= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.101) observedamong the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus in two bristle designs. Conclusions: Regular soft bristle design had a higher microbial load than those of subjects using orthodontic bristle design, a more frequent replacement of toothbrushes during t treatment may be advisable. Due to significant differences between the two bristle designs, the orthodontic toothbrush is recommended for patients undergoing orthodontic t appliances
This document discusses antimicrobial agents used in periodontics. It begins by explaining that periodontitis is caused by bacteria and that while antibiotics can kill bacteria, they cannot remove calculus or bacterial residues like scaling and root planing can. Adjunctive local or systemic antimicrobial therapies are sometimes used in addition to mechanical debridement. Systemic antimicrobials may provide some additional benefits but also carry risks, so should only be used in certain situations. Local drug delivery directly into periodontal pockets is an alternative that avoids systemic effects but must maintain effective drug concentrations over time to be effective against the subgingival biofilm.
I read an article about non-surgical periodontal therapy, analyzed the information, and summarized it within a powerpoint. I then presented this presentation to my Dental Hygiene Theory I class. I found it useful for the class to be presented with an article explaining NSPT because this is the topic that was discussed on that particular day of class. With the knowledge provided in this presentation, hygienists can get a brief overview of NSPT.
This study evaluated the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone or in combination with diode laser therapy on clinical parameters and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in patients with chronic periodontitis. 22 patients received scaling and root planing either with or without subsequent laser pocket decontamination. Clinical measurements and TNF-α levels from gingival crevicular fluid were assessed at baseline and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-treatment. Both treatments significantly improved clinical parameters from baseline to 3 months. Laser therapy further reduced TNF-α levels at 1 month compared to nonsurgical therapy alone, but this effect was not sustained at 3 months. The study concluded that laser therapy provides additional short-term
MSX1 Polymorphism in an Eastern Nepalese Non Syndromic cleft lip/palate patie...Ashok Ayer
This study was carried out to evaluate the role of MSX1 799 G >T gene polymorphism with non Syndromic cleft lip/palate in Eastern Nepalese patient population. For the study, whole blood samples (2 ml) were obtained from 40 subjects and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of the subjects by using ethanol, chloroform treatment. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to check for the presence of polymorphism. The results indicated that a patient has MSX1 799 G>T variant. The
patient was a male aged 24 years was a complete unilateral left sided cleft lip/palate involving alveolus, hard and soft palate. He had normal development and no associated anomaly. There was no family history of cleft lip/palate and no history of any teratogenic exposure during embryonic life as revealed by his mother. This may be a case of sporadic polymorphism. It may be concluded that ,although we detected the presence of a MSX1 799 G>T polymorphism in one patient, a further investigation with large sample size, including many SNP’s on families must be performed to get conclusive results.
Los primeros filósofos griegos propusieron diversas teorías sobre los elementos fundamentales de la realidad. Tales de Mileto argumentó que todo proviene del agua. Anaximandro propuso que la materia fundamental es el apeiron, algo indefinido e ilimitado. Anaxímenes sostuvo que el aire es el elemento primordial del que derivan todos los demás. Pitágoras creía que los números subyacen a la estructura del universo. Heráclito afirmó que todo está en constante cambio según el logos. Parménides consideró que
Fınancıal Rısk Management 'S Impact On Company Valueinventionjournals
This document summarizes a study examining the impact of financial risk management on company value. It provides background on the increased importance of financial risk management for companies due to globalization and financial instability. It then discusses various financial risk management methods companies use, including identifying risks, risk measurement techniques like decision trees and the Capital Asset Pricing Model, and developing risk management strategies. The study aims to analyze how effective financial risk management may increase company profitability and value.
Towards Indian Agricultural Information: A Need Based Information Flow Modelinventionjournals
Information is crucial for agriculture and rural development. ICT based services in agriculture is gaining importance day by day. Paper proposes to study the nature of agricultural information its uniqueness and problems of handling and organization. Agri informatics and use of different web portals for agriculture also discussed. Paper also highlighted the ICAR and IARIs contribution towards development of NARS (National Agricultural Research System) and models showing Information flow and strategic plan for organization of agricultural information. Some recommendations for proper organization and dissemination of agricultural information have been made to reach grass root level with desired agricultural information.
Clinical and Laboratory Prognostic Factors in Malignant form of Mediterranean...inventionjournals
Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) caused by Rickettsia conorii has become a significant health risk for suffering people and international travelers. In the past, overlooked as a serious disease, at present it is known that MSF was wrongly considered a benign condition. In this report, we present a set of clinical features and laboratory parameters in 55 patients (19 fatalities and 36 survivors) with malignant forms of the disease. The purpose of the study was to outline the prognostic factors of the fatal outcome in patients with malignant MSF. Based on our data, the main prediction factors for mortality in malignant MSF patients were: advanced age, delayed hospital admission, severe concomitant diseases, and failure to start or to complete appropriate antibiotic treatment. Laboratory prognostic factors in fatalities were: leukocytosis with a marked shift to the left; extremely high serum urea and creatinine levels; low levels of fibrinogen and prolongation of thrombin time. The most frequently involved organ systems of malignant cases were: central nervous system 100%, liver 92.72%, kidneys 60%, lungs 58.18%, myocardium 30.9%, and gastrointestinal tract 23.63%. The conducted histopathological investigations revealed lethal complications: encephalitis, brain edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, non-cardiogenic lung swelling, acute myocarditis, gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagicnecrotizing pancreatitis and acute renal failure.
Existance Theory for First Order Nonlinear Random Dfferential Equartioninventionjournals
In this paper, the existence of a solution of nonlinear random differential equation of first order is proved under Caratheodory condition by using suitable fixed point theorem. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 34F05, 47H10, 47H4
Platón y Aristóteles comparten la idea de que el alma es la forma sustancial del cuerpo humano. Sin embargo, Platón ve el alma como inmortal y separada del cuerpo, mientras que Aristóteles sostiene que el alma es la unión inseparable de forma y materia. Para Aristóteles, el alma tiene distintas potencias o facultades (vegetativa, sensitiva, racional) que se dan en grados diferentes en plantas, animales y seres humanos.
Method to the Madness 06/13/2016 - MunichCommunitech
The document discusses corporate innovation and provides advice from Craig Haney, Director of Corporate Innovation. It recommends building minimum viable products, creating a common language, connecting internal and external ecosystems, seeing the world from different perspectives, transferring knowledge, training teams, and building repeatable innovation processes. The goal is to drive productivity through ecosystem innovation and shape culture through governance and processes.
Dreamweaver es un software para crear páginas web profesionales de forma fácil y visual sin necesidad de programar código HTML manualmente. Permite agregar diseño y funcionalidad a páginas rápidamente usando funciones de edición visual e incluye herramientas como FTP y capacidades para trabajar con tablas, marcos, capas y comportamientos JavaScript.
An Analysis on the Attitudes of Academic Staff towards Distance Educationinventionjournals
This document analyzes the attitudes of academic staff at Namık Kemal University towards distance education. A survey was administered to 283 of the university's 955 academic staff. The survey found that staff had moderate attitudes towards the positive aspects of distance education, weak attitudes towards the negatives, and high attitudes towards the advantages. Attitudes varied by academic title but not by age or gender. The findings provide insights for establishing a Distance Education Center at the university and increasing awareness of distance education among staff.
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effects. These data indicate that acid/acid ester solutions can be a convenient, safe and equally effective alternative for the topical management of onychomycosis.
This document discusses the use of antibiotics in endodontics. It covers the history of antibiotics, classifications of antibiotics based on chemical structure and mechanism of action, and the use of systemic and topical antibiotics in endodontic treatments. Specifically, it describes the indications for systemic antibiotics in treating conditions like acute apical abscesses and replantation of avulsed teeth. It also discusses various topical antibiotic formulations used in endodontics, including triple antibiotic paste (TAP), MTAD, and Tetraclean, providing details on their composition and antimicrobial efficacy.
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Short-term improvement of clinical parameters and microbial diversity in peri...M ALTAMIMI
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This case report describes a 35-year-old male patient who presented with chronic periodontitis and bilateral supernumerary premolars in the mandibular arch. Clinical examination and radiographs revealed generalized bone loss, deep pockets, and the extra premolars lingual to the normal premolars. The supernumerary premolars and infected teeth were extracted, and the patient underwent scaling, antibiotics, and flap surgery. While the association between periodontitis and supernumerary teeth is debated, managing the extra teeth and infection resolved the periodontitis in this case.
ANGULAR CHEILITIS CASE REPORTS AND LITERATURE REVIEWClaire Webber
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“Desquamative Gingivitis Treated By An Antioxidant Therapy- A Case Report”
1. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 6718, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 670X
www.ijpsi.org Volume 5 Issue 4 ‖ July 2016 ‖ PP.18-22
www.ijpsi.org 18 | P a g e
“Desquamative Gingivitis Treated By An Antioxidant Therapy- A
Case Report”
Maya Mhaske1
, Neha Thakur2
, Supriya Bansode3
, Poonam Kedar4
1, 2, 3, 4
(C.S.M.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India)
Abstract: Desquamative gingivitis is described as an erythematous, desquamated or eroded gingival lesion.
Various etiologic factors are present for the appearance of such lesions. Despite of considering etiology,
treatment is oftenly provided by systemic or topical corticosteroids. Apart from steroid application, another
optionable treatment is antioxidant therapy which provides rapid healing of the tissue. As antioxidants posses
various advantageous properties, it can be considered as a first treatment option for desquamative gingivitis.
The presented case report of desquamative gingivitis is successfully treated using systemic antioxidants in the
form of commercially available „oxitard capsule‟.
Keywords: Antioxidants, Corticosteroids, Desquamative gingivitis, Oxitard capsule, Systemic
I. Introduction
“Desquamative gingivitis” is a descriptive term, first introduced by Prinz in 1932 that is synonymous
with the presence of erythema, desquamation, erosion, and blistering of attached and marginal gingiva [1]. It is
seen mainly in adults, especially women, although rare cases have been observed in children [2]. Mucous
membrane pemphigoid, oral lichen planus and pemphigus vulgaris have emerged as the most common causes of
desquamative gingivitis. It may occur due to aging, abnormal response to bacterial plaque, allergy, idiopathic,
chronic infections, autoimmune diseases or idiopathic [1]. Definitive diagnosis of the specific disease or
disorder causing desquamative gingivitis is mainly depend on clinical manifestations, histopathological
examination and direct immunofluorescence testing [2].
There is no standard treatment protocol available for the management of patients with desquamative
gingivitis. The treatment strategies vary according to the preference of the physician, the age of the patient, the
severity of the disease and the site involved [1]. Treatment is most commonly provided in the form of plaque
control and steroid application. Among the various available treatment modalities, antioxidants are also useful to
treat dequamative gingivitis. Though it is more effective, it is less frequently used as a treatment option. Very
few case reports are available in literature which had been treated using antioxidants.
Here the presented case report of desuamative gingivitis was treated using antioxidant therapy.
II. Case Report
A 52-year-old female patient reported to the department of Periodontology, CSMSS dental college &
hospital, Aurangabad, with the chief complaint of burning sensation in upper & lower anterior gingiva since 9
months. Also gave history of aggravation of burning sensation on having spicy & hot beverages.
On examination, red, linear, diffused patches noticed on the buccal /labial marginal gingiva with slight
involvement of attached gingiva. Such reddish patches were present with respect to maxillary teeth
(11,21,22,24,25,26) & madibular teeth (31, 32, 35,41,42,43). Lesions also showed signs of desquamation. (Fig
1, 2)
No significant dental and medical history was given. Patient had habit of tobacco chewing, 3-4 times in
a day since last 10 years but she had quitted her habit, 3 yrs back. Patient also gave history of change of tooth
paste, 1 year back which was continued by her for 3 months and again she shifted to her regular tooth paste. But
the appeared desquamated lesion did not heal even after the discontinuation of changed tooth paste. Exact
etiology for the appearance of desquamated lesions in this patient was not known. But it could be due the
change of tooth paste, past tobacco chewing habit or nutritional deficiency.
After obtaining written consent, an incisional gingival biopsy was taken from maxillary anterior region
for the histopathological examination. The hematoxyline & eosin (H & E) stained tissue showed clefts at the
sub-epithelium. Underlying connective tissue showed bundles of collagen fibers arranged haphazardly along
with fibroblast & small foci of inflammatory cells. (Fig. 3). Clefts in the epithelium were suggestive of
desquamative lesions.
Thorough oral prophylaxis (scaling & polishing) was done. Patient was advised with 0.2%
chlorhexidine mouth rinse, modified bass technique of brushing & also asked to maintain good oral hygiene.
Topical application of steroid (Triamcinolone acetonide) twice in a day for three weeks was prescribed. Lesions
did not show any improvement clinically with topical steroids application in the follow up visits.
2. “Desquamative Gingivitis Treated By An Antioxidant Therapy- A Case Report”
www.ijpsi.org 19 | P a g e
Patient was asked to stop topical steroid & shifted to the systemic antioxidant therapy. Commertially
available „capsule oxitard‟ (Himalaya drug company), which is a herbal antioxidant was advised to take
systemically B.D. for two months along with reinforcement of oral hygiene maintenance. The patient was kept
under observation upto 6 months. Desquamated lesions started healing and disappeared within 2 months of
treatment. No recurrence was found. (Fig 4, 5)
(Fig 1): Desquamative gingivitis lesion with maxillary anterior teeth at baseline
(Fid 1.2): Desquamative gingivitis lesion with mandibular anterior teeth at baseline
(Fig 3): H & E stained tissue for histopathological examination
3. “Desquamative Gingivitis Treated By An Antioxidant Therapy- A Case Report”
www.ijpsi.org 20 | P a g e
(Fig. 4): Disappearance of desquamative gingival lesions in maxillary region after antioxidant therapy
(Fig. 5): Disappearance of desquamative gingival lesions in mandibular region after antioxidant
therapy
III. Discussion
Desquamative gingivitis is a fairly common disorder in which the gingiva is desquamated. Chronic
soreness is commonly seen and intake of spicy foods may further worsen the condition. Erythematous gingiva
with loss of stippling, extending apically from the gingival margins to the alveolar mucosa is a frequent
observation. Severity may range from mild, almost insignificant small patches to widespread erythema with
glazed appearance. Occassionally, such lesions may occur in the absence of bacterial plaque [1]. Differential
diagnosis of multiple oral ulcers may include aphthous ulcers major, erosive lichen planus, mucous membrane
pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, allergies, acute herpetic
gingivostomatitis, and erythema multiforme [3]. Sometimes contact allergic reactions to various oral hygiene
products have also been reported to present as desquamative gingivitis [2]. But oral mucosa is less commonly
prone to contact allergic reactions, when compared to skin, though the latter is exposed to a wide variety of
antigenic stimuli [3].
The therapeutic approaches to desuamative gingivits are based on expert opinion rather than empirical
evidence. Several treatment methods have been reported (Carrozzo & Gandolfo, 1999; Chan et al., 2002; Endo
et al., 2008b; Fatahzadeh et al., 2006; Kirtschig et al., 2003; Lamey et al., 1992; Motta et al., 2009; Nisengard,
1996; Nisengard & Levine, 1995) [2]. Treatmemts are available in the form of systemic or topical steroids,
antimetabolites (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate), antibiotics
(tetracyclines), and dapsone intravenous immunoglobulins, plasmapheresis, and Low level laser therapy which
causes pain relief and accelerates regeneration of damaged tissues [1].
Treatment of desquamative gingivitis requires elimination or control of local irritants. Rough
restorations, illfitting dentures, traumatic oral hygiene procedures, and dysfunctional oral habits should be
corrected [4]. In most of the cases, such lesions are successfully managed with topical corticosteroids combined
4. “Desquamative Gingivitis Treated By An Antioxidant Therapy- A Case Report”
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with effective plaque control [5, 6]. Plaque accumulation acts as a stimulus factor for worsening of
desquamative gingivitis, but the plaque itself does not cause such lesions. It is difficult for patients with
desquamative gingivitis to brush their teeth due to pain and bleeding. Therefore, their oral hygiene is likely to be
ineffective, making it difficult to treat this condition [2]. Lack of correct oral hygiene and the accumulation of
plaque may increase the long-term risk for plaque-induced periodontal diseases along with desquamative
gingivitis [7].
Some of these desuamated lesions are a consequence of oxidative damage, therefore antioxidants can
delay or inhibit oxidation of oxidizable substrate in a chain reaction. Therefore the presented case of
desuamative gingivitis was successfully responded to the antioxidant therapy. The formulation of the oxitard
capsules (Himalaya drug company) contains the extracts of Mangifera indica, Withania somnifera, Daucus
carota, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Vitis vinifera, powders of Emblica officinalis and Yashada bhasma; and oils of
Triticum sativum. Mangifera indica is shown to have antibiotic, anti-asthamatic, antiseptic, antiviral,
hypotensive, anti-emetic properties. Withania somnifera provides overall health and wellness with its anti-stress,
anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, anti-convulsive and anti-arthritic properties. Daucus carota acts as a good
antiseptic as it is a rich source of vitamin A. Glycyrrhiza glabra normalizes the hoarseness in voice and has
immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Vitis vinifera have anti-inflammatory, astringent and an
effect to curb the burning sensation. Emblica officinalis is a rich source of vitamin C and is a potent antibiotic.
Yashada bhasma contains zinc which plays a significant role in protein synthesis, cell division and wound
healing. Triticum sativum is a rich source of minerals and has an antioxidant property Various ingredients of it
acts as an immunomodulator, stimulator of antioxidant enzymes, free redical scavenger, astringent, source of
vitamin A & C, potent antibiotic, also helps in protein synthesis, cell division, wound healing. Same drug
formulation was successfully used in the treatment of Oral submucous fibrosis because of its antioxidant & anti-
inflammatory properties [8].
Similarly, antioxidant properties of honey was used in the treatment of various vescicullobullous &
desquamative gingivitis lesions. Pure, unboiled, commertially available honey was topically applied. Excllent
healing noticed in such desquamative gingivitis lesions with no recurrence.8
The mechanism of therapeutic
effects of honey as anti-inflammatory effect might be attributed to reduction in prostaglandin synthesis at the
site of application, elevation of nitric oxide in the lesions, inhibition of leukotriene B4, & to its antioxidant &
anti inflammatory activities [9]. Other antioxidant agents have also been successfully tried for desquamative
gingivitis. Lower concentrations of retinoids combined with other antioxidant agents like lycopene and α-
tocoferol (vitamin E) are known to have synergistic effect in the remission of the lichen planus lesions.
Lycopene, a carotenoid, is a most efficient antioxidizing and immunomodulating agent, and is known to modify
intercellular exchange junctions. It is the most promising candidate in reducing hyperkeratosis of oral mucosa
and can be used effectively in management of oral lichen planus lesions. Alpha-tocoferol (vitamin E) is also an
effective antioxidant at high levels of oxygen, protecting cellular membranes from lipidic peroxidation. It can be
used to reduce the size of lichen planus lesions. Combination of lycopene, vitamin E, and retinoids, was found
to be very effective in the reduction of gingival lesions of lichen planus, along with topical corticosteroids [10].
Various desquamated lesions are usually treated with steroids either topically or systemically. Steroids
have many drawbacks, besides the side effects of long term use, they are not uniformly effective, can damage
collagen, the candidiasis occasionally is a complication of their use. Antioxidants do not produce such effects
even after long term use. So, antioxidants can be added to the traditional treatment modalities of desquamative
gingivitis because it significantly speeds up resolution of inflammation, ulcerative oral lesions, pain sensation &
helps to achieve healthy healing [9].
Further studies using long term follow up and histological examination for tissue changes after using
antioxidants in desquamative gingivitis are required.
IV. Conclusion
The management of desquamative gingivitis is challenging because lesions reoccur after it goes into
remission. The present case was successfully treated using systemic antioxidant therapy along with oral hygiene
maintenance.
Clinical anecdotal evidence supporting the beneficial use of antioxidants for desquamative gingivitis
lesion was found. Therefore antioxidants can be added to the traditional treatment modalities of such lesions &
can be use as a first treatment option as a substitute to the corticosteroids.
References
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