The three constitutional powers of the presidency are: (1) being the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, (2) having treaty powers to negotiate treaties with other nations subject to Senate approval, and (3) having appointment powers to nominate officials subject to Senate approval. Over the years, these powers have expanded informally. The president now has more control over foreign policy and military affairs without needing Congressional approval. The executive branch has also grown larger, giving the president more control over bureaucracy and information flow. The two-party system and popular election of electors have also increased the president's political power over Congress.
5.1 Presidential Constitutional AuthorityThe Framers of the Cons.docxalinainglis
5.1 Presidential Constitutional Authority
The Framers of the Constitution created a presidency that would take direction from Congress. The president is given several formal constitutional powers, most of which are checked by Congress. Presidential power is intended to be used to preserve and protect the Constitution through the president’s expressed and inherent powers. Expressed powers refers to powers listed explicitly in the U.S. Constitution. Inherent powers refers to powers that have been inferred from language in the U.S. Constitution. Together, expressed and inherent powers in the Constitution establish the office of the presidency and give its occupant the authority to preserve and protect the Constitution.
Article II of the Constitution establishes executive power and who may hold it: “The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.” Article II also establishes the president’s formal authority, which includes being commander in chief of the U.S. armed forces and chief executive. The president also has the authority to negotiate treaties, nominate persons for high-level appointed office, veto acts of Congress, and grant reprieves and pardons. The language of the Constitution gives the president the power to make treaties as long as two thirds of the Senate concurs. This example of checks and balances is referred to as “advice and consent” in the U.S. Constitution. The Senate also has the power to confirm presidential nominations to high-level office. The veto power, which is the power of the president to reject bills passed by Congress, is found in Article I.
Authority as Commander in Chief
Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution states, “The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States.” This means that the president must authorize any use of force by the military. It does not mean that he or she will personally lead troops into battle like a medieval European king. The requirement that presidents authorize the use of force establishes the sacred principle of civilian control of the armed forces. If the military establishment were equal in power to other institutions, it could easily overthrow the civilian government and thus upend one of the hallmarks of modern democratic governance, the peaceful transfer of power.
Civilian control, at least in the early days of the American republic, was ensured by the absence of large standing armies. In fact, the Constitution mentions an army and navy only because these were the only two branches of the military that existed when it was written. They were separate departments, and each was equal to the other. The secretary of war and the secretary of navy both sat in the president’s Cabinet.
Today’s Cabinet includes a single secretary of defense, but that position was not created until after World War II, with the passage of .
Response one pol-01Tulis’ thesis is one that could not be more p.docxronak56
Response one pol-01
Tulis’ thesis is one that could not be more pertinent and on point with what is happening currently in the White House. A President is testing the boundaries of where his power begins and ends; will the remaining three years be dominated by the Large “C” or the little “c”?2 I would argue that President Trump assumed or went into office believing he had “huge” public support and could stretch the boundaries much farther than his predecessor, able to ignore many rules and boundaries laid throughout the Constitution. But using President Trump as an example is still a bit premature since only one year has gone by and three more remain to define his presidency. President Lincoln is by far my favorite president to read about and happens to be a great example of utilizing presidential power bestowed by the people, or the little “c”.
As our weekly lesson provided, President Lincoln presided over the Country during an extraordinary time and as such, required extraordinary measures to ensure the continuation of our great Union. There are many examples of President Lincoln stretching the boundary, and in some cases completely dismissing the Bill of Rights in the Constitution. But his act of suspending Habeas Corpus is one of great interest and still has unanswered questions. The “Great Writ” is one of the first liberties the Founders established and it protects people from capricious arrests demanding that cause be proven before a judge as to why you are being detained. Although the Article I does state that the Writ of Habeas Corpus can be suspended during times of unrest and when public safety is required, it did not define who has the authority to suspend it (Congress or President); or how long it can be suspended.1 The only ruling that came out of President Lincoln’s action to suspend Habeas Corpus was a Supreme Court ruling in 1866, Ex Parte Milligan, which stated that the power to suspend Habeas Corpus was not inclusive of Military Courts if civilian courts were open.1 So my question is, although President Lincoln had a great public support from the Northern States and no one really questioned his action, how long would that last? President Lincoln was a wise man and did not abuse that power by suspending Habeas Corpus or other civil liberties longer than what was necessary, but what if it was not Lincoln? What if a president obtained so much public support that the checks and balances became futile? Most scholars maintain that the Judiciary and Congress place constraints on unilateral decisions made by the President, yet this is situational given political agendas and loyalties.3 Add in party politics to the mix; a party has a majority in Congress, a majority in the Supreme Court and sits in the White House, who dares to cross party lines and stand up? These are all things to consider when discussing the breadth of Presidential Powers being derived from the little “c”. I am hopeful and optimistic that the people and our instit ...
1Figures title2Congress and the PresidentCongress and t.docxdrennanmicah
1
Figures title: 2Congress and the President
Congress and the President
The way our legislative and the executive branches run our country have its roots to the beginning of our country and our constitution. Our founding fathers were intent on making sure neither the president had too much power and wanted to be sure they had very specific powers and roles within our new government. These two powerful and important roles are known as Congress and the Presidency.Congress
Congress is a Bicameral house made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The makeup of these two houses was chosen very carefully by our founding fathers at the Constitutional convention. The Senate is made up by two senators from each state as to give all states equal representation. This idea was proposed through the New Jersey Plan which proposed that all states had “equal representation regardless of population” (“The Almost Painless Guide, ”2000). The house of representative, on the other hand, is built based on the population of each state with the larger states having more representatives than the smaller states an idea proposed by the Virginia Plan laid out at the Constitutional Convention. These two parts that make up the legislative branch are tasked with making new laws, handling any impeachment proceedings, recommend amendments to the constitution, make budgets, and check the president’s decisions on personnel and treaties and vetoes by gaining a two-thirds vote to stop any of his decisions.
Powers of the President and Congress
Through Article I section 8 of the constitution congress has its most important power which is the ability to create laws. When a bill or any proposed law is up for a vote it can only be passed if the House of Representatives and the Senate both approve it in the same form. Congress also has the powers to “declare war, coin money, raise an army and navy, regulate commerce, establish rules of immigration and naturalization, and establish the federal courts and their jurisdictions ("The Powers of Congress", 2018). According to Article II of the constitution, the president has the power to commission officers of the armed forces, grant reprieves, and pardons, convene Congress in special sessions, wield executive power, receive ambassadors, and ensure that laws are being executed correctly. One of the aforementioned executive powers the president has is to veto a law or bill though even if that happens congress can overturn the veto with a two-thirds vote.
Checks and Balances
The founding fathers of the US were wise to set up a form of checks and balances built into the constitution to ensure no branch of government could garner too much power and guard against tyranny. “If men were angels, no government would be necessary,” James Madison wrote in the Federalist Papers, of the necessity for checks and balances. “In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty is this: You must first .
Slideshow prepared for a series of lectures on the American Presidency and Vice-Presidency for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
5.1 Presidential Constitutional AuthorityThe Framers of the Cons.docxalinainglis
5.1 Presidential Constitutional Authority
The Framers of the Constitution created a presidency that would take direction from Congress. The president is given several formal constitutional powers, most of which are checked by Congress. Presidential power is intended to be used to preserve and protect the Constitution through the president’s expressed and inherent powers. Expressed powers refers to powers listed explicitly in the U.S. Constitution. Inherent powers refers to powers that have been inferred from language in the U.S. Constitution. Together, expressed and inherent powers in the Constitution establish the office of the presidency and give its occupant the authority to preserve and protect the Constitution.
Article II of the Constitution establishes executive power and who may hold it: “The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.” Article II also establishes the president’s formal authority, which includes being commander in chief of the U.S. armed forces and chief executive. The president also has the authority to negotiate treaties, nominate persons for high-level appointed office, veto acts of Congress, and grant reprieves and pardons. The language of the Constitution gives the president the power to make treaties as long as two thirds of the Senate concurs. This example of checks and balances is referred to as “advice and consent” in the U.S. Constitution. The Senate also has the power to confirm presidential nominations to high-level office. The veto power, which is the power of the president to reject bills passed by Congress, is found in Article I.
Authority as Commander in Chief
Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution states, “The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States.” This means that the president must authorize any use of force by the military. It does not mean that he or she will personally lead troops into battle like a medieval European king. The requirement that presidents authorize the use of force establishes the sacred principle of civilian control of the armed forces. If the military establishment were equal in power to other institutions, it could easily overthrow the civilian government and thus upend one of the hallmarks of modern democratic governance, the peaceful transfer of power.
Civilian control, at least in the early days of the American republic, was ensured by the absence of large standing armies. In fact, the Constitution mentions an army and navy only because these were the only two branches of the military that existed when it was written. They were separate departments, and each was equal to the other. The secretary of war and the secretary of navy both sat in the president’s Cabinet.
Today’s Cabinet includes a single secretary of defense, but that position was not created until after World War II, with the passage of .
Response one pol-01Tulis’ thesis is one that could not be more p.docxronak56
Response one pol-01
Tulis’ thesis is one that could not be more pertinent and on point with what is happening currently in the White House. A President is testing the boundaries of where his power begins and ends; will the remaining three years be dominated by the Large “C” or the little “c”?2 I would argue that President Trump assumed or went into office believing he had “huge” public support and could stretch the boundaries much farther than his predecessor, able to ignore many rules and boundaries laid throughout the Constitution. But using President Trump as an example is still a bit premature since only one year has gone by and three more remain to define his presidency. President Lincoln is by far my favorite president to read about and happens to be a great example of utilizing presidential power bestowed by the people, or the little “c”.
As our weekly lesson provided, President Lincoln presided over the Country during an extraordinary time and as such, required extraordinary measures to ensure the continuation of our great Union. There are many examples of President Lincoln stretching the boundary, and in some cases completely dismissing the Bill of Rights in the Constitution. But his act of suspending Habeas Corpus is one of great interest and still has unanswered questions. The “Great Writ” is one of the first liberties the Founders established and it protects people from capricious arrests demanding that cause be proven before a judge as to why you are being detained. Although the Article I does state that the Writ of Habeas Corpus can be suspended during times of unrest and when public safety is required, it did not define who has the authority to suspend it (Congress or President); or how long it can be suspended.1 The only ruling that came out of President Lincoln’s action to suspend Habeas Corpus was a Supreme Court ruling in 1866, Ex Parte Milligan, which stated that the power to suspend Habeas Corpus was not inclusive of Military Courts if civilian courts were open.1 So my question is, although President Lincoln had a great public support from the Northern States and no one really questioned his action, how long would that last? President Lincoln was a wise man and did not abuse that power by suspending Habeas Corpus or other civil liberties longer than what was necessary, but what if it was not Lincoln? What if a president obtained so much public support that the checks and balances became futile? Most scholars maintain that the Judiciary and Congress place constraints on unilateral decisions made by the President, yet this is situational given political agendas and loyalties.3 Add in party politics to the mix; a party has a majority in Congress, a majority in the Supreme Court and sits in the White House, who dares to cross party lines and stand up? These are all things to consider when discussing the breadth of Presidential Powers being derived from the little “c”. I am hopeful and optimistic that the people and our instit ...
1Figures title2Congress and the PresidentCongress and t.docxdrennanmicah
1
Figures title: 2Congress and the President
Congress and the President
The way our legislative and the executive branches run our country have its roots to the beginning of our country and our constitution. Our founding fathers were intent on making sure neither the president had too much power and wanted to be sure they had very specific powers and roles within our new government. These two powerful and important roles are known as Congress and the Presidency.Congress
Congress is a Bicameral house made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The makeup of these two houses was chosen very carefully by our founding fathers at the Constitutional convention. The Senate is made up by two senators from each state as to give all states equal representation. This idea was proposed through the New Jersey Plan which proposed that all states had “equal representation regardless of population” (“The Almost Painless Guide, ”2000). The house of representative, on the other hand, is built based on the population of each state with the larger states having more representatives than the smaller states an idea proposed by the Virginia Plan laid out at the Constitutional Convention. These two parts that make up the legislative branch are tasked with making new laws, handling any impeachment proceedings, recommend amendments to the constitution, make budgets, and check the president’s decisions on personnel and treaties and vetoes by gaining a two-thirds vote to stop any of his decisions.
Powers of the President and Congress
Through Article I section 8 of the constitution congress has its most important power which is the ability to create laws. When a bill or any proposed law is up for a vote it can only be passed if the House of Representatives and the Senate both approve it in the same form. Congress also has the powers to “declare war, coin money, raise an army and navy, regulate commerce, establish rules of immigration and naturalization, and establish the federal courts and their jurisdictions ("The Powers of Congress", 2018). According to Article II of the constitution, the president has the power to commission officers of the armed forces, grant reprieves, and pardons, convene Congress in special sessions, wield executive power, receive ambassadors, and ensure that laws are being executed correctly. One of the aforementioned executive powers the president has is to veto a law or bill though even if that happens congress can overturn the veto with a two-thirds vote.
Checks and Balances
The founding fathers of the US were wise to set up a form of checks and balances built into the constitution to ensure no branch of government could garner too much power and guard against tyranny. “If men were angels, no government would be necessary,” James Madison wrote in the Federalist Papers, of the necessity for checks and balances. “In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty is this: You must first .
Slideshow prepared for a series of lectures on the American Presidency and Vice-Presidency for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
Article II and Washingtons Farewell AddressEarlier in the semes.docxfestockton
Article II and Washington's Farewell Address
Earlier in the semester, we examined Article II of the Constitution which details the Executive Branch. These first few paragraphs are just to refresh your memory of that discussion.
Article II of the Constitution describes the Executive Branch. The Executive Branch is led by the president, but he is not the only member of the Executive Branch. Most government agencies, programs, and departments are included in the Executive Branch. Keep in mind, the purpose of the Executive Branch is to implement, or execute, the laws. In order to do that, lots of different government agencies are necessary.
Below is a link to the exact text of Article II, which also includes how the article has changed over the years.
Article II of the Constitution (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Here are a few major highlights from the article:
· The President is the head of the executive branch and Commander in Chief of the military
· President is elected for 4-year terms
· Qualifications for president: must be a natural-born citizen and must be at least 35 years old
· President can choose the individuals who will be in charge of the various government agencies/departments (but they must be approved by the Senate)
· Has a large role in foreign policy and in dealing with foreign governments
· Can be impeached and removed from office by Congress
One conclusion we can draw from Article II is that the Founding Fathers wanted a president to have some power, but not total power. They were very fearful of a really powerful president, because they were concerned that he might ultimately want total power and could become a king or dictator. This is why they created a very strong legislative branch.
However, they did create a president that had a lot of control in certain parts of the government, particularly relating to foreign policy and national security (this will be VERY important in some of the later pages of the module). We will also examine a few reasons why the power of the president has grown since the writing of the Constitution.
One thing to ask yourself, as we study the Presidency, is: does the president have too much power? Or, do we see any "abuses" of his power?
George Washington's Farewell Address
One of the more interesting addresses given by a president was the 1st president's (George Washington) farewell address. By "farewell" we mean that it was his speech indicating that he would NOT be running for a third term of office. Originally, the Constitution did not have term limits for president, so presidents could serve longer than two terms (Franklin D. Roosevelt served much longer than two terms). Washington served two terms and then voluntarily said he would not seek a third term. This was important and it set the precedent of only serving 2 terms. However, this address is also VERY important because of what he has to say about presidential power and threats to the U ...
Chapter EightThe PresidencyCarl D. CavalliLearning Obj.docxmccormicknadine86
Chapter Eight
The Presidency
Carl D. Cavalli
Learning Objectives
After covering the topic the presidency, students should understand:
1. The origins and executive nature of the presidency and the roles
played by presidents.
2. The sources of presidential power.
3. The organization of both the White House and the larger Executive
Branch.
4. The growth of presidential power and how that power has changed
over the past century.
Abstract1
The framers envisioned a presidency that left them concerned about
what they termed ‘‘energy in the executive.’’ In other words, they thought
the presidency would not be powerful enough. Contemporary politicians
and scholars present a very different view. They often debate whether or
not the presidency has in fact become too powerful. Related to this shift
in the views about power is a shift in what is perceived to be the main
sources of presidential power. The framers created an of ce empowered
by, and limited by, the Constitution. However, modern analysts see the
of ce empowered by a very different and extra constitutional source
the public.
Introduction
The Second Branch?
The president is the head of the Executive Branch. By executive, we
mean that it is the branch designed to carry out (or execute) policy. The
framers clearly treated the executive as a secondary branch. It is discussed
in Article II of the Constitution. Article I covers the Legislative Branch
largely because they felt it would be the most powerful branch. It seems
more the opposite today. How can this be so?
1 Portions of this chapter were originally included in Cavalli, Carl D. 2000. The Presidency. Lesson 10
in POLS 1101: American Government. University System of Georgia eCore™
asics
Presidential Roles
It is best to begin exploring this question by reviewing the expectations
placed on presidents. That is, what roles do they play in our system?
Generally, they play two roles: Chief of State and the head of government.
Chief of State
One role the president plays is that of chief of state, or national symbol.
The presidency is the only of ce in this country elected by the entire nation.
Presidents have come to embody their symbolic role in many ways.
When Barak Obama deliverd his second inaugural address on January
21, 2013, one of the rst things he said was We af rm the promise of
our democracy. Is we his family? The White House? The federal
government? No. His use of the term is a reference to the nation.
Presidents often claim to be a voice for the American people (e.g., see
Barger, 1978, Teten, 2007). Whether this is true or not, their priorities do
become our priorities—when a president suggests the nation focus on an
issue (like civil rights or health care), we do engage in debate. We may
not always agree with the president, but we do wind up discussing these
issues as a nation.
In addition, presidential involvement in international affairs is the
equivalent of American involvement. ...
Article II and Washingtons Farewell AddressEarlier in the semes.docxfestockton
Article II and Washington's Farewell Address
Earlier in the semester, we examined Article II of the Constitution which details the Executive Branch. These first few paragraphs are just to refresh your memory of that discussion.
Article II of the Constitution describes the Executive Branch. The Executive Branch is led by the president, but he is not the only member of the Executive Branch. Most government agencies, programs, and departments are included in the Executive Branch. Keep in mind, the purpose of the Executive Branch is to implement, or execute, the laws. In order to do that, lots of different government agencies are necessary.
Below is a link to the exact text of Article II, which also includes how the article has changed over the years.
Article II of the Constitution (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Here are a few major highlights from the article:
· The President is the head of the executive branch and Commander in Chief of the military
· President is elected for 4-year terms
· Qualifications for president: must be a natural-born citizen and must be at least 35 years old
· President can choose the individuals who will be in charge of the various government agencies/departments (but they must be approved by the Senate)
· Has a large role in foreign policy and in dealing with foreign governments
· Can be impeached and removed from office by Congress
One conclusion we can draw from Article II is that the Founding Fathers wanted a president to have some power, but not total power. They were very fearful of a really powerful president, because they were concerned that he might ultimately want total power and could become a king or dictator. This is why they created a very strong legislative branch.
However, they did create a president that had a lot of control in certain parts of the government, particularly relating to foreign policy and national security (this will be VERY important in some of the later pages of the module). We will also examine a few reasons why the power of the president has grown since the writing of the Constitution.
One thing to ask yourself, as we study the Presidency, is: does the president have too much power? Or, do we see any "abuses" of his power?
George Washington's Farewell Address
One of the more interesting addresses given by a president was the 1st president's (George Washington) farewell address. By "farewell" we mean that it was his speech indicating that he would NOT be running for a third term of office. Originally, the Constitution did not have term limits for president, so presidents could serve longer than two terms (Franklin D. Roosevelt served much longer than two terms). Washington served two terms and then voluntarily said he would not seek a third term. This was important and it set the precedent of only serving 2 terms. However, this address is also VERY important because of what he has to say about presidential power and threats to the U ...
Chapter EightThe PresidencyCarl D. CavalliLearning Obj.docxmccormicknadine86
Chapter Eight
The Presidency
Carl D. Cavalli
Learning Objectives
After covering the topic the presidency, students should understand:
1. The origins and executive nature of the presidency and the roles
played by presidents.
2. The sources of presidential power.
3. The organization of both the White House and the larger Executive
Branch.
4. The growth of presidential power and how that power has changed
over the past century.
Abstract1
The framers envisioned a presidency that left them concerned about
what they termed ‘‘energy in the executive.’’ In other words, they thought
the presidency would not be powerful enough. Contemporary politicians
and scholars present a very different view. They often debate whether or
not the presidency has in fact become too powerful. Related to this shift
in the views about power is a shift in what is perceived to be the main
sources of presidential power. The framers created an of ce empowered
by, and limited by, the Constitution. However, modern analysts see the
of ce empowered by a very different and extra constitutional source
the public.
Introduction
The Second Branch?
The president is the head of the Executive Branch. By executive, we
mean that it is the branch designed to carry out (or execute) policy. The
framers clearly treated the executive as a secondary branch. It is discussed
in Article II of the Constitution. Article I covers the Legislative Branch
largely because they felt it would be the most powerful branch. It seems
more the opposite today. How can this be so?
1 Portions of this chapter were originally included in Cavalli, Carl D. 2000. The Presidency. Lesson 10
in POLS 1101: American Government. University System of Georgia eCore™
asics
Presidential Roles
It is best to begin exploring this question by reviewing the expectations
placed on presidents. That is, what roles do they play in our system?
Generally, they play two roles: Chief of State and the head of government.
Chief of State
One role the president plays is that of chief of state, or national symbol.
The presidency is the only of ce in this country elected by the entire nation.
Presidents have come to embody their symbolic role in many ways.
When Barak Obama deliverd his second inaugural address on January
21, 2013, one of the rst things he said was We af rm the promise of
our democracy. Is we his family? The White House? The federal
government? No. His use of the term is a reference to the nation.
Presidents often claim to be a voice for the American people (e.g., see
Barger, 1978, Teten, 2007). Whether this is true or not, their priorities do
become our priorities—when a president suggests the nation focus on an
issue (like civil rights or health care), we do engage in debate. We may
not always agree with the president, but we do wind up discussing these
issues as a nation.
In addition, presidential involvement in international affairs is the
equivalent of American involvement. ...
Russian anarchist and anti-war movement in the third year of full-scale warAntti Rautiainen
Anarchist group ANA Regensburg hosted my online-presentation on 16th of May 2024, in which I discussed tactics of anti-war activism in Russia, and reasons why the anti-war movement has not been able to make an impact to change the course of events yet. Cases of anarchists repressed for anti-war activities are presented, as well as strategies of support for political prisoners, and modest successes in supporting their struggles.
Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
https://rosuznik.org/
Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
Russian Reader
https://therussianreader.com/
ABC Irkutsk
https://abc38.noblogs.org/
Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Canadian Immigration Tracker March 2024 - Key SlidesAndrew Griffith
Highlights
Permanent Residents decrease along with percentage of TR2PR decline to 52 percent of all Permanent Residents.
March asylum claim data not issued as of May 27 (unusually late). Irregular arrivals remain very small.
Study permit applications experiencing sharp decrease as a result of announced caps over 50 percent compared to February.
Citizenship numbers remain stable.
Slide 3 has the overall numbers and change.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
1. Surname 1
Student’s Name
Professor’s Name
Subject
DD Month YYYY
Describe 3 constitutional powers of the presidency. How have these roles expanded over the
years?
Presidential Powers.
Contacts for help:dorineadalyn@gmail.com
1a). Describe three constitutional powers of the presidency.
The United States Constitution (Article II) creates the executive powers of the president,
which are consistent with other executive officials. The presidential powers are explicitly granted
by the constitution and Acts of the Congress. The Framers of the constitutions during
gratification ensured that the seat of the president was active and powerful and thus outlined the
power of the president as provided by Article II (formal powers); however, over the years, the
president’s limits have acquired more powers which are called informal powers. This essay aims
at describing the constitutional powers of the presidency and how these powers have changed
over the years.
2. Surname 2
One of the most significant powers of the United States presidential power is being the
command-in-chief of the United States armed forces. Despite Congress being vested power to
declare war, currently, the president directs and commands the military, and he is in charge of
planning the military strategies. And thus, the president is in charge not only for the citizens
within the United States but also for the United States foreign policies. He is responsible for the
Americans abroad through the Department of Defense and Department of States. In this regard,
the president can make treaties with foreign states, nominate and receive ambassadors. He or she
can receive diplomatic recognition from other governments.
Treaty powers: The United States president has the authority to negotiate treaties with
other nations. He has a formal power to make treaties with other nations without the consent of
the states; however, this power must be affirmed by the two-third majority by the senate.
The president has the power to appoint different people to serve in the government. Most
importantly, the appointment of the Supreme Court judges, federal court judges, and cabinet
secretaries. One of the legislative powers of the president is to grant amnesty to criminals for
criminals. Most of these appointees must go a vetting by the senate’s to get their approval. As
provided by Article II, the president can propose legislation that outlines the administration’s
legislative agenda (Foley 485-490). Also, under the section, the president has a veto power to
check on the Congress. For instance, if a president rejects a bill, it requires that a two-thirds
majority of both houses and must be achieved to override the veto powers. Sometimes, the
president can adjourn or call Congress into special seating.
1b). How have these roles expanded over the years
3. Surname 3
The president is the commander of the military and the intelligence agencies; he has
control of the powerful military, thus providing him immense to further his political agenda. The
executive branch of the government has undergone tremendous changes over the years and thus
expanding the presidential powers. Currently, the executive branch is much larger with increased
presidential powers. The current president has acquired more power compared to the restrictive
power given by the Framers. These powers have changed based on the crisis and situation the
president faces. While a small elector nominated the former presidents, the current president
must be nominated by a hundred electorates who represent the citizen of the United States;
therefore, they have an advantage of the popular mandate, which grants them the bully mandate
that member of the Congress cannot match.
On the foreign affairs policy, the president cannot consult contend of the Congress on
foreign affairs. One of the reasons for the expansion of this power is the growth of the United
States and influence in foreign nations (Dallek 1). Presidential powers have increasingly been
expanded because the United States is being polarized into a two-party System; hence, a member
of the Congress has a more significant interest in their president's success than the Congress for
their survival.
The president can declare war without Congress's approval. There is a need for the
president to act quickly during an emergency; thus, he does not need the Congress’s approval to
declare war. The president controls the Military and Intelligence because he is the commander-
in-chief of the armed forces; thus, his powers expanded to access and control the flow of
information. Moreover, the current constitutional Indeterminacy of the Precedency expands the
president's powers to act during times of emergency (Krutz 455-460). The president has control
4. Surname 4
over the bureaucracy and also controls the flow of information. Initially, these were not the
powers granted by the Framers to the president.
Works Cited
Dallek, Robert. Power and the Presidency, From Kennedy to Obama. Smithsonian. (vol.1.
(2011). P.1 Retrieved from https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/power-and-the-
presidency-from-kennedy-to-obama-75335897/
Foley, Edwards. “Some Aspects of the Constitutional Powers of the Presi2011)”. American Bar
Association. Vol. 27. No. 8 (1941). Pp. 486-490. Retrieved from:
https://www.jstor.org/stable/25713214?seq=1
Krutz, Glen. American Government 2e. Rice University. Openstax. (2019). Pp. 455-460.
Retrieved from: https://d3bxy9euw4e147.cloudfront.net/oscms-
prodcms/media/documents/AmericanGovernment2e-OP.pdf
