The document outlines the qualifications, powers, and roles of the President of the United States. It discusses the President's executive powers such as executing laws, appointing officials, and issuing executive orders. It also covers diplomatic powers like making treaties and recognizing foreign governments. The roles of the President include chief executive, chief diplomat, commander-in-chief, and chief legislator. Key executive offices that support the President are also summarized.

1. PRESIDENTIAL POWERS EXECUTIVE OFFICES PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION QUALIFICATIONS VICE PRESIDENTS DUTIES THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH Created by Article II of the Constitution

2. PRESIDENTIAL QUALIFICATIONS TO BE THE PRESIDENT YOU MUST FILL ALLOF THE FORMAL REQUIREMENTS. AGE 35 CITIZENSHIP NATURAL BORN U.S. CITIZEN RESIDENCY HAVE LIVED IN THE U.S. AT LEAST 14 YEARS

3. POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE POWERS DIPLOMATIC POWERS MILITARY POWERS LEGISLATIVE POWERS JUDICIAL POWERS

4. EXECUTIVE POWERS EXECUTIVE POWERS ARE THOSE POWERS THE PRESIDENT HAS AND USES TO MAKE SURE THAT FEDERAL LAW IS CARRIED OUT. THEY INCLUDE: EXECUTING THE LAW APPOINTING POWER REMOVAL POWER ORDINANCE POWER

5. EXECUTING THE LAW THE PRESIDENT HAS THE JOB, RESPONSIBILITY AND DUTY TO MAKE SURE THAT ALL LAWS ARE ENFORCED AND ADMINISTERED, AS PER THE CONSTITUTION: ARTICLE II, SECTION 1, CLAUSE 8 (THE PRESIDENTIAL OATH) ARTCLE II, SECTION 3, CALLED THE “TAKE CARE” POWER

6. The ORDINANCE POWER * The President has the power to issue executive orders . *An EXECUTIVE ORDER is a directive, rule, or regulation that has the effect of law. While the order is not an actual law, it is treated like one. *This power is given to the President from two sources: the Constitution and Congress.

7. Executive Orders 1 st use: Pres. G. Washington Creation of a Nation day of Thanksgiving, 1789 1794 EO ordering Whiskey Rebellion to disperse Legitimate uses

8. EO Uses Commander in Chief . 15 The President's power as Commander in Chief is limited by other constitutional powers granted to Congress, such as the power to declare war, raise and support the armed forces, make rules (i.e., laws) for the regulation of the armed forces, and provide for calling forth the militia of the several states. However, the President's power as military commander is still very broad with respect to the armed forces at his disposal, including some situations in which Congress has not acted to declare war.

9. EO Uses Head of State. 16 The President is solely responsible for carrying out foreign policy, which includes the sole power to recognize foreign governments, receive foreign ambassadors, and negotiate treaties. Congress may enact laws affecting foreign policy, and two-thirds of the Senate must ratify any treaty before it becomes binding law, but Congress must still leave the execution of foreign policy and diplomatic relations to the President.

10. EO Uses Chief Law Enforcement Officer. The President has the sole constitutional obligation to "take care that the laws be faithfully executed," 17 and this grants him broad discretion over federal law enforcement decisions. He has not only the power, but also the responsibility to see that the Constitution and laws are interpreted correctly. 18 In addition, the President has absolute prosecutorial discretion in declining to bring criminal indictments. As in the exercise of any other constitutional power, one may argue that a particular President is "abusing his discretion," but even in such a case, he cannot be compelled to prosecute any criminal charges.

11. EO Uses Head of the Executive Branch. The Framers debated and rejected the creation of a plural executive. They selected a "unitary executive" and determined that he alone would be vested with "[t]he executive power" of Article II. After much debate, the Framers also determined that the President would nominate and appoint (with the Senate's consent in some cases) all officers in the executive branch. With very few exceptions, all appointed officials who work in the executive branch serve at the will and pleasure of the President, even if Congress has specified a term of years for a particular office. 19 All of this was designed to ensure the President's control over officials in the executive branch 20 and to promote "energy in the executive." 21

12. Uses Recently

13. Pres. Bush http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/executive-orders/2001-wbush.html http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/executive_orders.php?year=2001&Submit=DISPLAY

14. THE APPOINTING POWER The President has the power to appoint nearly three million federal civilian employees. Once the President receives the consent of the Senate, he appoints most of the top-ranking officials in the Federal Government. Some examples are: federal judges, cabinet members, heads of independent agencies, and officers of the military. SENATORIAL COURTESY – Presidential Appointments Need Appointees Home Senators Approval

15. THE REMOVAL POWER *The President can remove anyone from office who he has appointed. *The only restriction on this power is that the President cannot remove Supreme Court Justices from the bench. *Three major reasons for removal are: inefficiency in office, neglect of duty, or inappropriate behavior.

16. DIPLOMATIC POWERS THE PRESIDENTS DIPLOMATIC POWERS ARE AMONG HIS MOST POWERFUL. THEY INCLUDE: POWER TO MAKE TREATIES POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS POWER OF RECOGNITION

17. POWER TO MAKE TREATIES * treaty =formal agreement between two or more sovereign states *The President usually negotiates treaties through the Secretary of State. *The Senate must give approval for these international agreements with a 2/3 vote.

18. POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS Executive Agreements are like treaties in that they are agreements between the President and foreign leaders or their subordinates. They are different in that they do not require the approval of the Senate. They usually stem out of previous legislation, or a previous treaty.

19. THE POWER OF RECOGNITION *The President, representing the United States, acknowledges the legal existence of that country and its government. *This recognition can make or break the survival of a new country. * This recognition is not permanent. It can change with revolutions or changes in government.

20. MILITARY POWERS *During wartime, the President can make critical decisions that he feels is necessary for wartime AS COMMANDER AND CHIEF. *The President also has the power to send troops into combat, without approval by Congress. This is referred to as undeclared war. *Finally, the President can use troops for domestic peace within the United States.

21. LEGISLATIVE POWERS *The President possesses the power to submit OR RECOMMEND ideas to Congress. *The President gives a “State of the Union” address each year, where he presents ideas for new legislation to Congress. THE PRESIDENT ALSO HAS: *FINALLY THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO CALL SPECIAL SESSIONS OF CONGRESS IF A PRESSING MATTER OCCOURS. THE POWER OF VETO

22. THE POWER OF VETO *When a bill is presented to the President, he can do one of four things: 1. Sign it and pass the law, 2. Veto the law, 3. While Congress is in session, he can not touch the bill and it will pass in 10 days 4. Pocket veto, or while Congress is not in session, he can not touch the bill and it will not pass.

23. JUDICIAL POWERS PARDON – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS LEGAL FORGIVENESS FOR A CRIME AMNESTY – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS A PARDON FOR A LARGE GROUP OF PEOPLE REPRIEVE – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS POSTPONING A SENTENCE COMMUTATION- ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS A REDUCTION OF A SENTENCE ACCORDING TO ARTICLE II, SECTION 2, CLAUSE 1 THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO ISSUE:

24. ROLES OF THE PRESIDENT CHIEF EXECUTIVE CHIEF CITIZEN CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR CHIEF DIPLOMAT COMMANDER In CHIEF CHIEF LEGISLATOR CHIEF OF PARTY CHIEF OF STATE

25. CHIEF EXECUTIVE This role of the President allows him to ensure that the laws of the nation are carried out fairly.

26. Chief Executive

27. There are 132 rooms, 35 bathrooms, and 6 levels in the Residence. There are also 412 doors, 147 windows, 28 fireplaces, 8 staircases, and 3 elevators.

28. CHIEF DIPLOMAT This role of the President allows him to establish foreign policy with other nations.

29. Chief Diplomat

30. CHIEF LEGISLATOR This role of the President allows him to submit ideas for new laws for the United States.

31. Chief Legislator

32. CHIEF CITIZEN This role of the President infers that he is the moral leader and figurehead of the United States.

33. Chief Citizen

34. CHIEF OF STATE This role of the President states that the President is the head of the national government.

35. Chief of State

36. CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR This role of the President states that the President is the “boss” of government employees.

37. Chief Administrator

38. COMMANDER AND CHIEF This role of the President allows him to command all United States military troops.

39. Commander-in-Chief

40. CHIEF OF PARTY This role of the President states that he is the informal leader of his political party.

41. Chief of Party

42. EXECUTIVE OFFICES “ The President’s right arm”as it is referred to is the several offices that are staffed by the President’s closest advisors, and are designed to help the President make, and enforce policy. They include: NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISORS CABINET OTHERS

43. NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL The National Security Council is the President's principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials. Since its inception under President Truman, the function of the Council has been to advise and assist the President on national security and foreign policies. The Council also serves as the President's principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies.

44. OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB's predominant mission is to assist the President in overseeing the preparation of the federal budget and to supervise its administration in Executive Branch agencies. In addition, OMB oversees and coordinates the Administration's financial management, information, and regulatory policies.

45. OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY The principal purpose of ONDCP is to establish policies, priorities, and objectives for the Nation's drug control program. The goals of the program are to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing, and trafficking, drug-related crime and violence, and drug-related health consequences. To achieve these goals, the Director of ONDCP is charged with producing the National Drug Control Strategy. The Strategy directs the Nation's anti-drug efforts and establishes a program, a budget, and guidelines for cooperation among Federal, State, and local entities.

46. COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISORS The CEA was established by the Employment Act of 1946 to provide the President with objective economic analysis and advice on the development and implementation of a wide range of domestic and international economic policy issues.

47. CABINET The tradition of the Cabinet dates back to the beginnings of the Presidency itself. One of the principal purposes of the Cabinet (drawn from Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution) is to advise the President on any subject he may require relating to the duties of their respective offices. The Cabinet includes the Vice President and, by law, the heads of 15 executive departments-the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs, and the Attorney General.

48. OTHER OFFICES The other offices of the Executive Branch are as varied as they are in numbers. Some of the other areas include: Office of Policy Development - Advises President on domestic concerns National Space Council- Advises President on civil and military efforts in space Council on Environmental Quality- Aids the President on environmental policy matters. Office of U.S. Trade Representatives – Advises the President on matters of foreign trade. Office of Science and Technology- Advises on all scientific, engineering, and technology advances.

49. VICE PRESIDENTIAL DUTIES BY CONSTITUTION THE VICE PRESIDENT HAS ONLY TWO FORMAL DUTIES: PRESIDE OVER THE SENATE HELP DECIDE THE QUESTION OF PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY IS WHEN THE PRESIDENT IS UNABLE TO CARRY OUT HIS DUTIES THE ONLY OTHER ASSUMED PURPOSE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT IS TO BE A PRESIDENT IN WAITING .

50. PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION IS THE ORDER IN WHICH INFERIOR OFFICERS CAN BE PROMOTED TO THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT IN CASE OF A VACANCY. THE CURRENT SYSTEM WAS ESTABLISHED BY THE 25 TH AMENDMENT AND CURRENTLY HAS 18 POSITIONS. HERE ARE THE FIRST 10. 1 VICE PRESIDENT 6 SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 2 SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE 7 ATTORNEY GENERAL 3 PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE 8 SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 4 SECRETARY OF STATE 9 SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 5 SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY 10 SECRETARY OF COMMERCE

51. Vice President Joseph Biden

52. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi

53. President Pro Tempore Robert Byrd

54. The Cabinet in order of Creation

55. Executive Branch * Department of Agriculture (USDA) * Department of Commerce (DOC) * Department of Defense (DOD) * Department of Education (ED) * Department of Energy (DOE) * Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) * Department of Homeland Security (DHS) * Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) * Department of Justice (DOJ) * Department of Labor (DOL) * Department of State (DOS) * Department of the Interior (DOI) * Department of the Treasury * Department of Transportation (DOT) * Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)

56. Executive Branch Agencies Independent Agencies and Corporations Boards, Committees, and Commissions Quasi Agencies

57. Power Pyramid The President Department Heads/Secretaries Agency Level Appointees The Civil Service Employees including the Military 10,000’s 100’s Unionized-Retire after 25 years of service Changes every President