Hazrat Umar ibn Al-Khattab established an advanced administrative system during his reign as Caliph from 634 to 644 CE. He divided the Islamic empire into provinces, each led by a governor. Key departments included military, taxation, education, police, and financial. Umar introduced principles of accountability, separated government and private business, and established equal law for all. His reforms helped the rapidly expanding Muslim state address challenges like famine and wars with neighboring empires. Umar established foundations for efficient governance that helped strengthen and stabilize the early Muslim community.

2. ABDUL BASIT SIPRA

3. Presented To Our Respected Teacher
SIR. RAZA ALI SHEIKH

4. Hazrat Umar Ibn Al Khattab

6. Administration in Islam

7. Hazrat Umar(RA)’s Administration
22nd of Jamadi-uth-Thani 13 Hijri – 26 Dhul Hijjah 23 Hijri

8. Challenges
His Own Image
Super Powers
(Persian Empire & Byzantine Empire)
Famine
Plague

9. Basic Principles of Hazrat Umar’s Reign
 Self Accountability
 No Private Business for Government
Officials
Same LAW for all

10. Self Accountability
Examples
1.Old Woman
2.Hazrat Umar (RA)’s Son
No Private Business for Government
Officials
Same LAW for all
Examples
1.Hazrat Ayaz Bin Ghanam (RA)
2.Amar Bin Aas (RA)’s Son

11. Important Conquests of Hazrat Umar(RA)’s Reign
Conquest of Damascus
Conquest of Saida, Irqah
and Beirut (Lebanon today)
Campaigns in Iraq
The Conquest of
2/3 of Byzantie
 The Battle of Qaadisiyah
Conquest of the Persian
capital
Conquest of Jerusalem
The Conquest of Egypt

12. Comparison with the Caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA)
Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) Hazrat Umar (RA)

13. Pact in Jerusalem
o The inhabitants' life, property and churches were given
protection
o Islam was not to be forced on them
o The inhabitants were to pay the “Jizya" or poll tax
o The Greeks were to be turned out of the City

14. Reforms of Hazrat Umar(RA) during his Administration
"Awliat-i-Umar
Formal Bayt ul Mal
Trading Reforms
Taxes Reforms
Departments
Other Institutions
Agriculture

15. Provincial Administration
Division into Provinces.
The following were, the provinces and their governors in 23 A.H., i.e.
near the end of Hadrat Umar's Caliphate.
1. Hijaz with Makkah as its capital; Nafi' bin Abu Harith.
2. Syria with Damascus as its capital;Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan.
3. Iran with Basrah as its capital; Abu Musa al-Ash'ari.
4. Iraq with Kufa as its capital; -Mughirah bin Shu'bah.
5. Egypt with Fustat as its capital;Amr bin al-'As.
6. Palestine with Jerusalem as its capital; 'Alqamah bin Majaz.
7. Jazirah (i.e. Mesopotamia) with Hims (Hems) as its controlling capital;
Governor -- 'Umair bin Sa'd.
8. The central province of Arabia with Medina as its capital.

16. Hierarchy of Administration
Caliph
Governor
Wali
STATE
PROVINCE
DISTRICT

17. Model of Administration
Caliph
Governor
Wali
Sahib ul
Ahdath
Katib
Sahib ul
Kharaj
Katib ud
Diwan
Sahib Bait ul
Mal Qadi

18.  Katib Chief Secretary.
 Katib-ud-Diwan Military Secretary.
 Sahib-ul-Kharaj Revenue Collector.
 Sahib-ul-Ahdath Police Chief.
 Sahib-Bait-ul-Mal, Treasury Officer.
 Qadi Chief Judge.

19. Departments
Military Department
Tax Deptartments
Education Department
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department

20. Military Department
Different Ranks
Cantt Areas
Fixed Salaries
Check Posts (Conquered Cities)
Appointment of Head of Military
Military in Different Cities

21. Taxes In Hazrat Umar’s
Administrtion
Jizya (Indemnity or Defence Tax)
Diwan al Kharaj
Non Muslims
48 24 12
(Zakat(Poor Tax) Diwan al-Zakah
Khiraj(Land Tax); Diwan al Kharaj
Ushr (Special land Tax);

22. Taxes In Hazrat Umar’s
Administrtion
War Booty –Ghanima
(Income from the conquered places)-Diwan al-
Jund
Ushoor
10 percent Resident Non Muslim 5 %
Reekaz
Tax on Land Mines and Treasure Troves
Ushoor & Reekaz (Diwan al Bareed & Diwan
al Khatm)

23. Education Department
Schools
Salaries for Teachers
Educational Developments all over the State

24. Police Department
First one to introduce Police Force
Prison
Fixed Salaries

25. Financial Department
Ghanima
Bayt ul Maal
Salaries
Collection of revenue
Salaries for Financial Department Employees

26. Construction Canals
Populated Cities
He was also the first to make use of the whip for
corporal punishment and set up a prison.
 He introduced a system of collecting direct information
concerning the State.
He established a secret intelligence service.
He had wells bored, built houses
Fixed a daily payment for the destitute among the
Christians and the Jews.
Develpoments

27. Introductions
Hijri Calendar
Fixed Salaries for Men involved in voluntary
service
Census system,
 Measuring of the land and keeping its record
 He was first to allow traders of rival countries
to enter Muslim territories for the purpose of
business.
Formal Taraweeh Prayers

28. Departments
Military Department
Tax Deptartments
Education Department
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department
Shurah (Advisory Council)
 Higher Advisory Council
General Advisory Council
3rd Advisory Council
Between The Higher & General Advisory Council

29. Departments
Military Department
Tax Deptartments
Education Department
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department
Higher Advisory Council
 Important Decisions of the State
Permanent Members
Hadrat Uthman, Ali, 'Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Mu'adh bin Jabal,
Ubayy bin Ka'b, Zaid bin Thabit, Talha and Zubair (Raziallah Anho).
General Advisory Council
General Matters
Ansar & Muhajireens
The Companions who participated in the battle of Badr were given
priority in this "Shura.In this "Shura" were also included the chiefs
of various clans and tribes.

30. Departments
Military Department
Tax Deptartments
Education Department
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department
3rd Advisory Council
 Ranked between the other two Shuras
Some selected Companions among the Muhajirin and Ansar
Matter of Special Interest
The Way to call the Shura:
As-Salatu Jami'ah," in the Prophet's Masjid

32. Summary

33. "Amongst the nations before your time, there have been inspired
people (who were not Prophets), and if there is one amongst my
Ummah, he is Umar".
- (Bukhari and Muslim)
Saying of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) about Hazrat Umar (RA)