Khulfa e Rashdun

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FIRST CALIPH
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9. 3. Introduction and implementation of different Political and civil administration jobs such as Chief
Secretary (Khatib), Military Secretary (Khatib ud Diwan), Revenue Collector (Sahib ul Kharaj),
Police Chief (Sahib ul Ahdath), Treasury Officer (Sahib Bait-ul-Maal) and many other official posts.
4. Umar (R.A.) was the first to establish a special department for the investigation of complaints
against the officers of the State.
5. Umar (R.A.) was the first to introduce the public ministry system, where the records of officials
and soldiers were kept. He was also the first person ever to appoint police forces to keep civil order.
Another important aspect of Umar's (R.A.) rule was that he banned any of his governors/officials
from engaging in trade or any sort of business dealings whilst being in a position of power.
His Martyrdom:
Allah indeed kind to whom He wishes. It happened that Abu Lulu Al- Fayruz, the Magian (the fire
worshiper) and nonbeliever and had a roman origin, stabbed Umar (R.A.) while he was in the Fajr
Salah (dawn prayer) with a dagger of two blades. He stabbed him three times, one of these below
the naval. Hence, Umar (R.A.) fell down bleeding copiously.
Abu Lulu stabbed himself to death (may Allah's curse be upon him).

10. Then, his soul was taken. This happened on 26 Dhul Hijjah, 23 AH (Wednesday 7th of
November 644 AD). He was sixty-three years old and his era extended for ten years.
As per Umar's (R.A.) will, he was buried, with the permission of Aishah (R.A.), alongside
Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and caliph Abu Bakr (R.A.) in Masjid Al-Nabawi.

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