Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab established an efficient administration during his caliphate from 634 to 644 CE. Key aspects included dividing the Islamic state into provinces governed by appointed leaders, establishing departments for the military, taxes, education, police, and finances, and implementing principles of accountability, prohibiting officials from private business, and equal application of law. His reforms and institutions helped establish stability and structure during a period of expansion for the early Islamic state.

2. Usman Shah 094005010
Bilal Shaheen 094005027

3. Dedicated To Our Respected Teacher :
“Miss Humaira Ahmad”
Who Guided Us In Making This
Presentation

4. Hazrat Umar Ibn Al Khattab

5. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW)
“Were a prophet to come after me, he would have been
Umar"
“Tirmidhi”

6. Administration in Islam

7. Hazrat Umar(RA)’s Administration
22nd of Jamadi-uth-Thani 13 Hijri – 26 Dhul Hijjah 23 Hijri

8. Challenges
His Own Image
Super Powers
(Persian Empire & Byzantine Empire)
Famine
Plague

9. Basic Principles of Hazrat Umar’s Reign
 Self Accountability
 No Private Business for Government
Officials
Same LAW for all

10. Self Accountability
Examples
1.Old Woman
2.Hazrat Umar (RA)’s Son
No Private Business for Government
Officials
Same LAW for all
Examples
1.Hazrat Ayaz Bin Ghanam (RA)
2.Amar Bin Aas (RA)’s Son

11. Important Conquests of Hazrat Umar(RA)’s Reign
Conquest of Damascus  The Battle of Qaadisiyah
Conquest of Saida, Irqah Conquest of the Persian
and Beirut (Lebanon today) capital
Campaigns in Iraq Conquest of Jerusalem
The Conquest of The Conquest of Egypt
2/3 of Byzantie

12. Comparison with the Caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA)
Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) Hazrat Umar (RA)

13. Pact in Jerusalem
o The inhabitants' life, property and churches were given
protection
o Islam was not to be forced on them
o The inhabitants were to pay the “Jizya" or poll tax
o The Greeks were to be turned out of the City

14. Reforms of Hazrat Umar(RA) during his Administration
"Awliat-i-Umar
Formal Bayt ul Mal
Trading Reforms
Taxes Reforms
Departments
Other Institutions
Agriculture

15. Provincial Administration
Division into Provinces.
The following were, the provinces and their governors in 23 A.H., i.e.
near the end of Hadrat Umar's Caliphate.
1. Hijaz with Makkah as its capital; Nafi' bin Abu Harith.
2. Syria with Damascus as its capital;Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan.
3. Iran with Basrah as its capital; Abu Musa al-Ash'ari.
4. Iraq with Kufa as its capital; -Mughirah bin Shu'bah.
5. Egypt with Fustat as its capital;Amr bin al-'As.
6. Palestine with Jerusalem as its capital; 'Alqamah bin Majaz.
7. Jazirah (i.e. Mesopotamia) with Hims (Hems) as its controlling capital;
Governor -- 'Umair bin Sa'd.
8. The central province of Arabia with Medina as its capital.

16. Hierarchy of Administration
STATE
Caliph
PROVINCE Governor
DISTRICT Wali

17. Model of Administration
Caliph
Governor
Wali
Katib ud Sahib ul Sahib ul Sahib Bait ul
Katib Mal Qadi
Diwan Kharaj Ahdath

18.  Katib Chief Secretary.
 Katib-ud-Diwan Military Secretary.
 Sahib-ul-Kharaj Revenue Collector.
 Sahib-ul-Ahdath Police Chief.
 Sahib-Bait-ul-Mal, Treasury Officer.
 Qadi Chief Judge.

19. Departments
Military Department
Tax Deptartments
Education Department
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department

20. Military Department
Different Ranks
Cantt Areas
Fixed Salaries
Check Posts (Conquered Cities)
Appointment of Head of Military
Military in Different Cities

21. Taxes In Hazrat Umar’s
Administrtion
Jizya (Indemnity or Defence Tax)
Diwan al Kharaj
Non Muslims
48 24 12
(Zakat(Poor Tax) Diwan al-Zakah
Khiraj(Land Tax); Diwan al Kharaj
Ushr (Special land Tax);

22. Taxes In Hazrat Umar’s
Administrtion
War Booty –Ghanima
(Income from the conquered places)-Diwan al-
Jund
Ushoor
10 percent Resident Non Muslim 5 %
Reekaz
Tax on Land Mines and Treasure Troves
Ushoor & Reekaz (Diwan al Bareed & Diwan
al Khatm)

23. Education Department
Schools
Salaries for Teachers
Educational Developments all over the State

24. Police Department
First one to introduce Police Force
Prison
Fixed Salaries

25. Financial Department
Ghanima
Bayt ul Maal
Salaries
Collection of revenue
Salaries for Financial Department Employees

26. Develpoments
Construction Canals
Populated Cities
He was also the first to make use of the whip for
corporal punishment and set up a prison.
 He introduced a system of collecting direct information
concerning the State.
He established a secret intelligence service.
He had wells bored, built houses
Fixed a daily payment for the destitute among the
Christians and the Jews.

27. Introductions
Hijri Calendar
Fixed Salaries for Men involved in voluntary
service
Census system,
 Measuring of the land and keeping its record
 He was first to allow traders of rival countries
to enter Muslim territories for the purpose of
business.
Formal Taraweeh Prayers

28. Departments
Shurah (Advisory Council)
 Higher Advisory Council
Military Department
General Advisory Council
Tax Deptartments
3rd Advisory Council
Education Department
Between The Higher & General Advisory Council
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department

29. Departments
Higher Advisory Council
 Important Decisions of the State
Permanent Members
Military Department
Hadrat Uthman, Ali, 'Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Mu'adh bin Jabal,
Ubayy bin Ka'b, Zaid bin Thabit, Talha and Zubair (Raziallah Anho).
Tax Deptartments
General Advisory Council
Education Department
General Matters
Ansar & Muhajireens
Police Deparmtment in the battle of Badr were given
The Companions who participated
priority in this "Shura.In this "Shura" were also included the chiefs
Financial Department
of various clans and tribes.

30. Departments
3rd Advisory Council
 Ranked between the other two Shuras
Some selected Companions among the Muhajirin and Ansar
Matter of Special Interest
Military Department
The Way to call the Shura:
Tax Deptartments
As-Salatu Jami'ah," in the Prophet's Masjid
Education Department
Police Deparmtment
Financial Department

31. Summary

32. Saying of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) about Hazrat Umar (RA)
"Amongst the nations before your time, there have been inspired
people (who were not Prophets), and if there is one amongst my
Ummah, he is Umar".
- (Bukhari and Muslim)