Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab led the Muslim empire from 634 to 644 CE as the caliph. During his reign, the empire expanded significantly through military conquests. He established key administrative reforms, including formalizing the treasury system, introducing new tax systems, and establishing government departments for the military, taxation, education, police, and finances. Hazrat Umar is praised for his self-accountability, prohibiting private business for officials, and applying laws equally to all. His leadership and administrative skills transformed the early Muslim community into a major world power.

2. Muhammad Owais Raees
BCS143066
S2

3. Hazrat Umar Ibn Al Khattab

4. “Were a prophet to come after me, he would have been
Umar”
Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW)
“Tirmidhi”

5. Administration in Islam

6. Hazrat Umar(RA)’s Administration
13 Hijri – 23 Hijri

7. Some Basic Challenges
His Own Image
Super Powers

8. Basic Principles of Hazrat Umar’s
 Self Accountability (‫احتسابی‬ ‫)خود‬
 No Private Business
Same LAW for all

9. Important Conquests of Hazrat Umar(RA)’s Reign
Conquest of Damascus
Conquest of Saida, Irqah
and Beirut (Lebanon today)
Campaigns in Iraq
The Conquest of
2/3 of Byzantie
 The Battle of Qaadisiyah
Conquest of the Persian
capital
Conquest of Jerusalem
The Conquest of Egypt

10. Comparison with the Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA)
Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) Hazrat Umar (RA)

11. Rights of Jews
o The inhabitants of life, property and churches were
given protection
o Islam was not to be forced on them
o The inhabitants were to pay the “Jizya" or poll tax

12. Reforms of Hazrat Umar(RA) during his Administration
Formal Bayt ul Mal
Trading Reforms
Taxes Reforms
Departments
Other Institutions
Agriculture

13. Different Roles
Caliph
Governor
Wali
STATE
PROVINCE
DISTRICT

14.  Katib Chief Secretary.
 Katib-ud-Diwan Military Secretary.
 Sahib-ul-Kharaj Revenue Collector.
 Sahib-ul-Ahdath Police Chief.
 Sahib-Bait-ul-Mal, Treasury Officer.
 Qadi Chief Judge.

15. Departments
Military Department
Tax Departments
Education Department
Police Department
Financial Department

16. Military Department
Different Ranks
Cantt Areas
Fixed Salaries
Check Posts (Conquered Cities)
Appointment of Head of Military
Military in Different Cities

17. Taxes In Hazrat Umar’s
Administrtion
 Jizya (Indemnity or Defence Tax)
 Zakat(Poor Tax) Diwan al-Zakah
 Khiraj(Land Tax); Diwan al Kharaj
 Ushr (Special land Tax);

18. Education Department
Schools
Salaries for Teachers
Educational Developments all over the State

19. Police Department
First one to introduce Police Force
Prison
Fixed Salaries

20. Financial Department
Bayt ul Maal
Salaries
Collection of revenue
Salaries for Financial Department Employees

21. Construction Canals
Populated Cities
He was also the first to make rules of punishment and
set up a prison.
 He introduced a system of collecting direct information
from the State.
He established a secret intelligence service.
Fixed a daily payment for Christians and the Jews.
Developments

22. Summary

23. "Amongst the nations before your time, there have been inspired
people (who were not Prophets), and if there is one amongst my
Ummah, he is Umar".
- (Bukhari and Muslim)
Saying of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) about Hazrat Umar (RA)