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Hazrat Usman R.A
- 3. ● Introduction ● Abilityto read and write ● Conversion to Islam ● Migration to Abyssinia ● Migration to Madina ● His Generosity ● Battle of Tabuk ● Treaty of Hudaibiya ● Pledge of the Tree ● Third Caliph of Islam ● Assassination of Usman R.A ● His notable achievements Content
- 4. Learning Objective ● Afterlearning this Story you will be able to know much about Hazrat Usman R.A
- 5. Introduction ● Born in577 ce ● 7 years younger to Prophet S.A.W ● Born in wealthy family ● Golden child of his clan ● Well mannered and Shy ● Successful Trader ● Kind and generous
- 6. Ability to Readand write ● Usman R.A was able to read and write. ● He narrated 146 traditions directly from the Prophet S.A.W
- 7. Conversion to Islam ●Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A.) brought him to Isam. ● At the age of 34 years ● Gained knowledge direct from Prophet S.A.W
- 8. Migration to Abyssinia MarriedProphet’s second daughter Relatives tortured him So he migrated to Abyssinia
- 9. Migration to Madina ●Torture of Quraish became unbearable ● Migrated to Madina with his wife ● His business flourished in Madina
- 10. Usman’s R.A Generosity ●Allowed Muslims to used water freely ● Never reminded people of his charity ● Water Scarcity in Madina ● Usman R.A procure a well
- 11. Usman Ghani ● Hisgenerosity had no limits ● He spent wealth for the welfare of the Muslims ● Charity ● Equipping the Muslim armies. ● Gained title “Ghani”
- 12. Battle of Tabuk ●Prophet invited followers to contribute ● Usman’s R.A contributed cash, camel and horses ● Appreciation of Prophet ● Prophet led an expedition to Tabuk
- 13. Possessor of TwoLights ● Prophet offered him the hand of his another daughter ● Gained title Dhur’ain ( the possessor of the two lights ● Wife Ruqaiya Became ill ● Excused from Participating in Battle of Badr
- 14. Treaty of Hudaibiya ●The Prophet S.A.W decided to perform Umrah ● Prophet camped at Hudaibiyah ● Quraish denied Muslims entry in Makkah ● Usman was sent as Prophet’s ambassador ● Muslims believed the Usman R.A was killed
- 15. Pledge of theTree ● Prophet gathered Muslims ● Pledge to avenge the death of Usman R.A ● Pledge took place under a tree ● Quraish released Usman R.A ● Negotiation of Quraish with Prophet S.A.W
- 16. Third Caliph ofIslam ● Expansion of Islam continued ● Islamic state expended in all directions ● Administrations were revised ● Many projects were expanded and completed ● Companions were sent to various provinces
- 17. Rebellion arose ● Caliphatelasted for 12 years ● First 6 years were marked by internal peace ● During 2nd half rebellion arose ● Jews and others took advantage ● They started arising complaints in Public ● They gained sympathy ● It became difficult to distinguish friend from foe ● Usman R.A was unable to deal with these rebels
- 18. Usman’s reaction ● Usmanwas reluctant to be the first to Muslim’s blood ● Usman preferred to persuade them with kindness ● He remembered Prophet say, “ Once the sword is unsheathed among my followers, it will be sheathed until the Last Day”
- 19. Usman rejected rebelsdemand ● Rebels demanded him to resign from the Caliph’s post ● Other companions advised him to do so ● Usman refused to do so ● He was bound by a pledge he had given to the Prophet S.A.W
- 20. Rebels surrounded hishouse ● Usman R.A words to a well- wisher…. ● Rebels surrounded his house and were planning to attack.
- 21. Assassination of UsmanR.A ● Rebels broke into his house ● When first assassin’s sword struck him he was reciting Quran ● Killed on Friday, 17th Zil Hijja ● He was 84 years old
- 22. His notable achievements ●Compilation of a complete and authoritative text of the Quran ● Large number of copies were made of this text ● Copies were distributed all over the Muslim world
- 23. Conclusion ● An Unassuming( Not arrogant ), Honest, Mild, Generous and very kind man ● Known for his modesty and his piety ● Religious ● Led simple life ● Possessor of intimate knowledge of Quran
Editor's Notes
- #2 نحمده ونصلي على رسوله الكريم اما بعد اعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم, رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي ۔ وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي ۔ وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِّن لِّسَانِي۔ يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي۔ السلام عليكم ورحمه الله وبركاته How are you all? Hope everyone is fine and doing well! well As you all know the topic which we initiated in our last week agenda was “Hazrat Usman R.A so today we will continue with the same topic ,so let's begin in the name of Allah ( move on to next slide)
- #3 Bismillah Ar Rahman e raheem
- #4 Lets have look at content, in today’s class we will learn ( readout the content list ) Let look at the content. In today's class we will learn ( Read the content list) We will discuss the contents one by one in detail (next slide)
- #5 After learning story of Usman R.A you will know much about him
- #6 Uthman bin Affan (Radi Allahu Anhu) was born in 577 ce seven years after the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam).He belonged to the Umayyad branch of the Quraish tribe.The Umayyads were the most influential clan of the Quraish, they were the strongest and wealthiest, and Uthman was their “golden child”, and the most beloved. He was well liked by everyone in his clan due to his good manners and shyness.He became a successful trader and cloth merchant. Throughout his life he was known as a kind, generous man and even before his conversion to Islam he would freely give money to help those in need.
- #7 Like his predecessor Omar ibn Al Khattab, Usman R.A was also able to read and write. This was an unusual skill in pre Islamic Arabia. He narrated 146 traditions directly from the Prophet himself and was one of the few people who were able to write down Quran
- #8 He and Abu Bakr R.A were close friends, and it was Abu Bakr R.A who brought him to Islam when he was thirty-four years of age. Uthman formed a very close relationship with Prophet Muhammad S.A.W, and he gained intricate (detailed ) knowledge about the religion of Islam.
- #9 After his conversion to Islam Prophet S.A.W asked him to marry his second daughter Ruqaiya R.A. After he married Ruqayya R.A, In spite of his wealth and position, his relatives subjected him to torture because he had embraced Islam, and he was forced to emigrate to Abyssinia. Since Usman R.A already had some business contacts in Abyssinia therefore his business soon flourished there. After 2 years upon hearing a humaor that people of Quraish had accepted Islam, He returend back to Makkah.
- #10 In 622 ce when torture of people of Makkah became unbearable, Hazrat Usman R.A along with his wife and other Muslims migrated to Madina. In Madina due to his hardwork and honesty his business flourished there too and he became one of the richest men in Madina.
- #11 In Medina, water was scarce and control of the wells was tightly held by several men. Because he was a skilful trader and negotiator, Uthman set about trying to procure a well for the use of the Muslims. He negotiated a price for half a well; he would have control one day and the other owner the next day. However, Uthman gave his water to the Muslims freely, so nobody wanted to pay for the water on the alternate days. The original owner of the well had no choice but to sell his half of the well to Uthman who nevertheless paid a fair price for it. He continued to allow the water to be used freely by all and never reminded the people of his charity.
- #12 Usman R.A was humble and modest. His generosity had no limits. On various occasions he spent a great portion of his wealth for the welfare of the Muslims, for charity and for equipping the Muslim armies.That is why he came to be known as ‘Ghani’ meaning ‘Generous.’
- #13 Uthman participated in the Battles of Uhud and the Trench. In 630 ce, Prophet S.A.W decided to lead an expedition to Tabuk on the Syrian border. In order to finance the expedition the Prophet S.A.W invited contributions from his followers. Hazrat Usman R.A made a large contribution, 1000 dinars in cash, 1000 camels for transport, and horses for the cavalry, which the Prophet S.A.W greatly appreciated.
- #14 His wife, Ruqayya was seriously ill just before the Battle of Badr and he was excused by the Prophet (Sallallahu aliahi wasallam) from participating in the battle. The illness of Ruqayya proved fatal, leaving him deeply grieved. The Prophet offered him the hand of another of his daughters, Kulthum Because he had the high privilege of having two daughters of the Prophet as wives Uthman was known as Dhur’ain meaning ‘The Possessor of the Two Lights.
- #15 After the encounter of the Trench, Prophet S.A.W set out for Makkah to perform Umrah. The Quraish denied the Muslims entry into the city so the Prophet S.A.W camped outside Makkah, at Hudaibiya, and sent Usman R.A as his ambassador to the Quraish in Makkah. But the Quraish detained him and did not inform the Muslims about it, It made the Muslims believe that Usman R.A might have been killed.
- #16 On this occasion, Hazrat Muhammad gathered Muslims to pledge to fight until death and avenge the rumoured death of Usman R.A. This pledge took place under a tree so was known as the Pledge of the Tree. This Pledge demonstrated to the Quraish the determination of the Muslims. They soon released usman R.A and sent a man to negotiate a treaty that later became known as the Treaty of Hudaibiyah.
- #17 During Uthman’s rule the expansion of Islam – continued. Uthman’s realm extended in the west to Morocco, in the east to Afghanistan, in the north to Armenia and Azerbaijan. During his caliphate a navy was organized, administrative divisions of the state were revised, and many public projects were expanded and completed. Uthman sent prominent Companions of the Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) as his personal deputies to various provinces to scrutinize the conduct of officials and the condition of the people.
- #18 Uthman’s Caliphate lasted for twelve years. The first six years were marked by internal peace and tranquillity. But during the second half of his caliphate a rebellion arose. The Jews and others, taking advantage of dissatisfaction among the people, began conspiring against the Caliph. They gained so much sympathy that it became difficult to distinguish friend from foe. It may seem surprising that a They started airing their complaints and grievances in the public.ruler of such vast territories, whose armies were matchless, was unable to deal with these rebels.
- #19 If Uthman had wished, the rebellion could have been crushed at the very moment it began. But he was reluctant to be the first to shed the blood of Muslims, however rebellious they might be. He preferred to reason with them, to persuade them with kindness and generosity. He well remembered hearing the Prophet say, “Once the sword is unsheathed among my followers, it will not be sheathed until the Last Day.”
- #20 The rebels demanded that he resign and quit from the post of Caliph. Even some of the other Companions advised him to do so. He would gladly have followed this course of action, but again he was bound by a solemn pledge he had given to the Prophet. “Perhaps God will clothe you with a shirt, Uthman” the Prophet had told him once, “and if the people want you to take it off, do not take it off with them.”
- #21 One day the rebels surrounded his house and they were planning to attack and kill him. It was then that Uthman said to a well-wisher, “God’s Messenger made a covenant with me and I shall show endurance in adhering to it.”
- #22 After a long siege, the rebels broke into Uthman’s house and murdered him. When the first assassin’s sword struck Uthman, he was reciting the verse, “Verily, God sufficeth thee; He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing” Uthman breathed his last on the afternoon of Friday, 17 Dhul Hijja, 35 A.H.(after Hijra) He was eighty-four years old. His love for God and his Messenger kept him both strong and humble in the face of old age and extreme difficulties.
- #23 His most notable contribution to the religion of God was the compilation of a complete and authoritative text of the Qur’an. A large number of copies of this text were made and distributed all over the Muslim world.
- #24 The portrait we have of Uthman is of an unassuming, honest, mild,generous and very kindly man, noted especially for his modesty and his piety. He often spent part of the night in prayer, fasted every second or third day, performed Hajj every year, and looked after the needy of the whole community. In spite of his wealth, he lived very simply and slept on bare sand in the courtyard of the Prophet’s mosque. Uthman (Rali Allahu Anhu) knew the Qur’an from memory and had an intimate knowledge of the context and circumstances relating to each verse.