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This document provides an introduction to flame arrestor technology, including the history and operating principles of flame arrestors. It discusses how Sir Humphry Davy discovered the principle of blocking flame propagation through narrow passages in 1815. Modern flame arrestors operate on the same principle, removing heat from the flame as it attempts to pass through narrow passages. The document outlines the different types of flame arrestors, how flames propagate when unconfined versus confined, and the development stages a confined flame can reach.
The document discusses prevention and control of dust explosions in industry. It begins with a brief history of notable dust explosions. It then explains the anatomy of a dust explosion, highlighting the five necessary parameters. The presentation emphasizes understanding dust reactions and properties that influence explosivity. It also covers generating design data through testing, identifying explosive dusts, and engineering controls to eliminate explosion hazards. Prevention focuses on proper design, equipment, procedures, training, and emergency response.
The document discusses electrical risk management in hazardous industries and selection of electrical equipment for flammable atmospheres. It provides definitions of hazardous areas according to various standards and explains area classification methods. The key points are:
- Areas are classified into Zones 0, 1, 2 based on the likelihood and duration of explosive gas or vapor presence.
- Zone 0 has the highest risk where explosive atmospheres are present continuously. Zone 1 risks are likely under normal conditions. Zone 2 risks are unlikely but possible in abnormal conditions.
- Proper area classification using guidelines allows safe selection of electrical equipment certified for use in the designated Zones to minimize risks of explosion.
The document discusses safety training on breathing apparatus sets, including defining a BA set, classifying the types as atmospheric or self-contained, and describing open circuit self-contained sets in particular. It explains that open circuit self-contained sets have a cylinder that provides compressed air to a face mask via a back plate. A key point covered is calculating a BA set's working duration based on the pressure and volume of its cylinder.
The document discusses different types of explosions, including their causes and effects. It begins with an overview of the earliest known explosion - the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 million years ago caused by asteroid impact. It then defines explosion as a sudden release of energy and distinguishes explosions from slower burning fires. The major types of explosions covered include deflagration, detonation, dust explosions, vapor cloud explosions, and boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions. Each type has specific requirements and characteristics. Case studies of industrial accidents caused by explosions are presented to demonstrate lessons learned.
Hazardous areas can contain flammable gases, vapors, or dusts that could cause fires or explosions. These areas are classified based on the type of hazard and likelihood of a hazardous atmosphere being present. The Class/Division system used in North America categorizes areas based on whether hazardous materials are likely to be present continuously or occasionally. The international Zone system defines three zones based on the probability and duration of hazardous atmospheres. Equipment used in hazardous areas must use explosion-proof techniques to prevent ignition, such as flame-proofing or intrinsic safety.
Atmospheric Storage Tank Safety is dependent on various factors. To name a few:
1. Liquid movement in and out of the tank
2. Weather condition changes
3. Fire exposure
The presentation shows a basic overview of how we can create safe environment for storage and transportation of fluids.
This document provides an introduction to flame arrestor technology, including the history and operating principles of flame arrestors. It discusses how Sir Humphry Davy discovered the principle of blocking flame propagation through narrow passages in 1815. Modern flame arrestors operate on the same principle, removing heat from the flame as it attempts to pass through narrow passages. The document outlines the different types of flame arrestors, how flames propagate when unconfined versus confined, and the development stages a confined flame can reach.
The document discusses prevention and control of dust explosions in industry. It begins with a brief history of notable dust explosions. It then explains the anatomy of a dust explosion, highlighting the five necessary parameters. The presentation emphasizes understanding dust reactions and properties that influence explosivity. It also covers generating design data through testing, identifying explosive dusts, and engineering controls to eliminate explosion hazards. Prevention focuses on proper design, equipment, procedures, training, and emergency response.
The document discusses electrical risk management in hazardous industries and selection of electrical equipment for flammable atmospheres. It provides definitions of hazardous areas according to various standards and explains area classification methods. The key points are:
- Areas are classified into Zones 0, 1, 2 based on the likelihood and duration of explosive gas or vapor presence.
- Zone 0 has the highest risk where explosive atmospheres are present continuously. Zone 1 risks are likely under normal conditions. Zone 2 risks are unlikely but possible in abnormal conditions.
- Proper area classification using guidelines allows safe selection of electrical equipment certified for use in the designated Zones to minimize risks of explosion.
The document discusses safety training on breathing apparatus sets, including defining a BA set, classifying the types as atmospheric or self-contained, and describing open circuit self-contained sets in particular. It explains that open circuit self-contained sets have a cylinder that provides compressed air to a face mask via a back plate. A key point covered is calculating a BA set's working duration based on the pressure and volume of its cylinder.
The document discusses different types of explosions, including their causes and effects. It begins with an overview of the earliest known explosion - the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 million years ago caused by asteroid impact. It then defines explosion as a sudden release of energy and distinguishes explosions from slower burning fires. The major types of explosions covered include deflagration, detonation, dust explosions, vapor cloud explosions, and boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions. Each type has specific requirements and characteristics. Case studies of industrial accidents caused by explosions are presented to demonstrate lessons learned.
Hazardous areas can contain flammable gases, vapors, or dusts that could cause fires or explosions. These areas are classified based on the type of hazard and likelihood of a hazardous atmosphere being present. The Class/Division system used in North America categorizes areas based on whether hazardous materials are likely to be present continuously or occasionally. The international Zone system defines three zones based on the probability and duration of hazardous atmospheres. Equipment used in hazardous areas must use explosion-proof techniques to prevent ignition, such as flame-proofing or intrinsic safety.
Atmospheric Storage Tank Safety is dependent on various factors. To name a few:
1. Liquid movement in and out of the tank
2. Weather condition changes
3. Fire exposure
The presentation shows a basic overview of how we can create safe environment for storage and transportation of fluids.
- The document discusses gas testing procedures and guidelines for authorized gas testers. It outlines the importance of testing for toxic, explosive, and oxygen levels before and during work to ensure workplace safety.
- Only those who have completed authorized gas tester training can certify gas tests and ensure environments are safe for work in places like confined spaces where gases may accumulate.
- Proper gas detection equipment must be used and calibrated regularly, and comprehensive atmospheric testing is required before entry into any confined space to check for hazards like low oxygen, toxic gases, and explosive gases from various sources.
Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most deadly industrial gases especially in oil and gas industry. It has been referred to as a silent killer. This comprehensive PPT covers a wide range of topics including characteristics of H2S, monitoring areas for H2S levels, emergency procedures, hazard minimization, contingency planning, and more. Complete and up-to-date. A great tool for required annual training.
• Understand and explain the basic structure of atoms
• Explain how atomic structure determines the behavior of elements and compounds
• Understand basic chemical and physical properties and concepts and how they influence the behavior of materials involved in fires and hazardous materials incidents
• Correlate chemical structure with chemical names to allow for a general prediction of some hazardous chemical behaviors
• Understand key physical properties of chemicals and how these properties are related to fire protection
Safety in gas cutting requires understanding hazards, proper equipment use, and risk assessment. Key precautions include: knowing equipment parts and how to handle leaks, fires, or backfires; removing combustibles; using protective gear; and maintaining equipment. A risk assessment should consider training, permits, and job safety analysis to minimize dangers.
This document discusses hazardous location classification systems and ATEX zones. It explains that the first step is to determine the class - whether the hazard is gases/vapors, dust, or fibers - and then the division based on how often the substance is present. Division 1 means the substance is continuously present, while Division 2 means it is only present occasionally. It then defines the three ATEX zones - zone 0 for continuous hazards, zone 1 for long-term hazards, and zone 2 for occasional hazards. Finally, it lists some common industries that use ATEX zones like chemical manufacturing, oil and gas, and pharmaceuticals.
This document discusses hazardous area classification. It defines hazardous areas as areas where flammable gases or vapors may be present. Areas are classified into zones based on the likelihood and duration of an explosive atmosphere occurring. Zone 0 areas have explosive atmospheres present continuously, Zone 1 areas have them likely to occur occasionally, and Zone 2 areas are not likely but possible for short periods. Selection of electrical equipment depends on the area classification and gas properties. Standards provide guidelines for equipment certification to ensure safe operation in hazardous environments.
Coal Dust Explosion and its Safety at Thermal Power PlantSyed Aqeel Ahmed
The document provides information about coal dust explosions and safety at thermal power plants. It discusses the conditions necessary for a dust explosion, including combustible dust, oxygen, an ignition source, and confinement. It also describes primary and secondary dust explosions and methods to prevent or mitigate combustible dust explosions, such as controlling dust accumulations through good housekeeping practices and ventilation systems. The goal is to educate workers about combustible dust hazards and demonstrate how to address these risks.
This document discusses industrial ventilation as a primary method of controlling the work environment. It defines ventilation as supplying or removing air using natural or mechanical means. The purposes of industrial ventilation include diluting airborne contaminants, preventing hazardous dispersal, preventing fires/explosions, and creating a comfortable work environment. The types of ventilation discussed are general dilution ventilation, local exhaust ventilation, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Local exhaust ventilation is usually the preferred method as it captures contaminants at their source.
A Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) occurs when a pressurized liquid-containing vessel is exposed to high heat and ruptures catastrophically. When the vessel fails, debris can travel hundreds of feet with tremendous force and the escaping fuel can ignite, causing an expanding fireball. BLEVEs pose serious hazards and require large evacuation distances due to potential blast effects and projectiles. Emergency responders should control LP gas leaks and fires by stopping gas flow if possible, diluting vapors to prevent ignition, and cooling exposed vessels to prevent BLEVEs.
Industrial Fire Safety is the set of practices intended to reduce the destruction caused by fire.
Industrial Fire Safety measures include those that are intended to prevent ignition of an uncontrolled fire, and those that are used to limit the development and effects of a fire after it starts.
Industrial fire safety is primarily a management activity which is concerned with
Reducing
Controlling &
Eliminating fire accident from the industries or industrial units.
Common Causes For Fire Hazards InIndustries - Electrical systems that are overloaded, resulting in hot wiring or connections, or failed components
Combustible storage areas with insufficient protection
Combustibles near equipment that generates heat, flame, or sparks
Candles and other open flames
Smoking (Cigarettes, cigars, pipes, lighters, etc.)
Equipment that generates heat and utilizes combustible materials
Four E's of Fire Safety - Engineering: i.e. safety at the design, equipment installation stage.
Education: i.e. education of employees in fire safety practices.
Enlistment: i.e. it concerns the attitude of the employees and management towards the programmed and its purpose. This necessary arose the interest of employees in fire accident prevention and safety consciousness.
Encouragement: i.e. to enforce adherence to fire safe rules and practices.Industrial Fire Safety Instruments
Over time, an increased understanding of the many factors that contribute to the risk of fire has led to positive developments in the fire protection of industrial structures. Improvements in public fire protection systems and services, as well as increased use of private active or passive systems through fire-protection and loss-control engineering, has meant an overall decrease in the cost of industrial fire hazards. A discussion of the factors affecting insurance premium
This document discusses waste treatment and disposal technology, specifically focusing on air containment, general ventilation systems, local exhaust systems, and confined space safety measures. It defines key terms like ventilation, industrial ventilation, confined spaces, and components of local exhaust systems. It outlines common hazards in confined spaces like oxygen deficiency, fires/explosions, and toxic fumes. The document emphasizes the importance of ventilation for confined spaces and outlines basic ventilation requirements and strategies for ventilating spaces before and during entry and work.
Welding and Cutting Safety Training by the University of Southern MississippiAtlantic Training, LLC.
This document discusses welding safety hazards and controls. It covers health hazards from welding fumes and gases, which can cause lung diseases and cancer. Engineering controls like ventilation and personal protective equipment like respirators are recommended to reduce exposure. Other safety topics addressed include electrical, fire, ergonomic, and compressed gas cylinder hazards, as well as general safe work practices for welding.
This document discusses flammable gases and their explosive limits when mixed with oxygen in air. It notes that air contains about 21% oxygen and defines the lower and upper explosive limits as the concentration ranges of a flammable gas or vapor mixed with air below and above which it is not explosive, providing methane, propane and hydrogen as examples with their percentage ranges.
This document provides definitions and information related to fire and explosion hazards. It defines key terms like hazard, risk, fire, explosion, ignition sources, and stages of combustion. It also discusses flash point, fire point, auto-ignition temperature, and flammability limits. The document outlines how to prevent and mitigate explosions through ventilation, ignition source control, containment, material substitution, and separation. It also discusses hazardous area classification and electrical equipment certification for different zones and gas/vapor groups.
Hazardous Area Location Presentation
• What is a Hazardous Location?
• What causes an explosion?
• Potential ignition sources
• Protection concepts 101
• Classification Schemes (ATEX/IEC vs. NEC)
• Designing/Certification for HazLoc
Ex D, Ex E, Ex DE, Ex ED, Ex np, Ex I
This document provides safety guidelines for working with oxygen and acetylene gases. It describes the properties of oxygen and acetylene, safe storage and handling procedures, how to properly use regulators and hoses, tips for preventing backfires and flashbacks, and the importance of using the correct safety equipment. The key risks are fires and explosions that can occur if the gases mix or equipment malfunctions, so following all safety procedures is critical when using these flammable gases.
This document discusses fire and gas detection systems. It begins by defining fire and gases, explaining that fire is a chain reaction between fuel and oxygen that produces heat, light and other byproducts. Gases disperse and mix rapidly. Detection systems are needed to monitor hazardous gas levels and provide early warning before hazards form. They protect people, infrastructure and the environment per safety laws and codes. Detection considers flammable, toxic and asphyxiant gas risks. The document then covers gas properties, ignition risks, limits of flammability, and detection technology types like infrared and catalytic sensors. It stresses the importance of instrument calibration and certification to ensure accurate measurements. Examples of industrial accidents caused by gas leaks are also provided.
Compressed gas cylinders require careful handling and storage due to the multiple hazards they present. Three key safety procedures for working with compressed gas cylinders are: securely storing cylinders to prevent tipping, clearly identifying cylinder contents to avoid mixing incompatible gases, and carefully checking all cylinder valves and connections for leaks using soap solutions before opening cylinder valves.
This document provides information on various types of breathing apparatus used to provide breathable air in dangerous atmospheres. It discusses the physiology of respiration and lung volumes. It also describes specific apparatus like SCBA and their parts like cylinders, regulators, hoses, masks. Hazards of elevated temperature, oxygen deficiency, toxic gases are explained. Donning, use, and doffing procedures are outlined to correctly operate the equipment.
This document discusses hazardous area classification. It defines a hazardous area as one where flammable gases, vapors or dusts may be present. It describes international standards for classifying hazardous areas, including dividing them into zones based on the likelihood of a flammable substance being present, and groups based on the substance's autoignition temperature. It also compares the IEC and NEC classification systems, outlining their approaches to zones/divisions, temperature ratings, protection techniques, and ingress protection ratings. The document provides information on these topics to explain the need for proper hazardous area classification.
This document summarizes a presentation on investigating and defending liability claims related to hot work and welding fires. It discusses key issues such as the standard of care, including NFPA and OSHA regulations; identifying the responsible party according to codes and permits; challenges like determining the fire's origin and considering the time lapse between welding and fire; and developing an expert opinion on the cause and responsibilities related to the fire. The goal is to provide an overview of how to successfully investigate and evaluate these complex cases.
This document summarizes challenges in hot work/welding fire liability cases and strategies for overcoming them. It discusses 5 key liability challenges: (1) determining the location of fire origin, (2) establishing the time lapse between welding and fire, (3) proving violations of standards of care, (4) addressing contracts and waivers, and (5) coverage exclusions. It provides tips for investigations including burn pattern analysis, smoldering fire processes, and standard of care codes. Expert opinions on fire causation and site safety are emphasized for solidifying liability arguments in these complex cases.
- The document discusses gas testing procedures and guidelines for authorized gas testers. It outlines the importance of testing for toxic, explosive, and oxygen levels before and during work to ensure workplace safety.
- Only those who have completed authorized gas tester training can certify gas tests and ensure environments are safe for work in places like confined spaces where gases may accumulate.
- Proper gas detection equipment must be used and calibrated regularly, and comprehensive atmospheric testing is required before entry into any confined space to check for hazards like low oxygen, toxic gases, and explosive gases from various sources.
Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most deadly industrial gases especially in oil and gas industry. It has been referred to as a silent killer. This comprehensive PPT covers a wide range of topics including characteristics of H2S, monitoring areas for H2S levels, emergency procedures, hazard minimization, contingency planning, and more. Complete and up-to-date. A great tool for required annual training.
• Understand and explain the basic structure of atoms
• Explain how atomic structure determines the behavior of elements and compounds
• Understand basic chemical and physical properties and concepts and how they influence the behavior of materials involved in fires and hazardous materials incidents
• Correlate chemical structure with chemical names to allow for a general prediction of some hazardous chemical behaviors
• Understand key physical properties of chemicals and how these properties are related to fire protection
Safety in gas cutting requires understanding hazards, proper equipment use, and risk assessment. Key precautions include: knowing equipment parts and how to handle leaks, fires, or backfires; removing combustibles; using protective gear; and maintaining equipment. A risk assessment should consider training, permits, and job safety analysis to minimize dangers.
This document discusses hazardous location classification systems and ATEX zones. It explains that the first step is to determine the class - whether the hazard is gases/vapors, dust, or fibers - and then the division based on how often the substance is present. Division 1 means the substance is continuously present, while Division 2 means it is only present occasionally. It then defines the three ATEX zones - zone 0 for continuous hazards, zone 1 for long-term hazards, and zone 2 for occasional hazards. Finally, it lists some common industries that use ATEX zones like chemical manufacturing, oil and gas, and pharmaceuticals.
This document discusses hazardous area classification. It defines hazardous areas as areas where flammable gases or vapors may be present. Areas are classified into zones based on the likelihood and duration of an explosive atmosphere occurring. Zone 0 areas have explosive atmospheres present continuously, Zone 1 areas have them likely to occur occasionally, and Zone 2 areas are not likely but possible for short periods. Selection of electrical equipment depends on the area classification and gas properties. Standards provide guidelines for equipment certification to ensure safe operation in hazardous environments.
Coal Dust Explosion and its Safety at Thermal Power PlantSyed Aqeel Ahmed
The document provides information about coal dust explosions and safety at thermal power plants. It discusses the conditions necessary for a dust explosion, including combustible dust, oxygen, an ignition source, and confinement. It also describes primary and secondary dust explosions and methods to prevent or mitigate combustible dust explosions, such as controlling dust accumulations through good housekeeping practices and ventilation systems. The goal is to educate workers about combustible dust hazards and demonstrate how to address these risks.
This document discusses industrial ventilation as a primary method of controlling the work environment. It defines ventilation as supplying or removing air using natural or mechanical means. The purposes of industrial ventilation include diluting airborne contaminants, preventing hazardous dispersal, preventing fires/explosions, and creating a comfortable work environment. The types of ventilation discussed are general dilution ventilation, local exhaust ventilation, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Local exhaust ventilation is usually the preferred method as it captures contaminants at their source.
A Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) occurs when a pressurized liquid-containing vessel is exposed to high heat and ruptures catastrophically. When the vessel fails, debris can travel hundreds of feet with tremendous force and the escaping fuel can ignite, causing an expanding fireball. BLEVEs pose serious hazards and require large evacuation distances due to potential blast effects and projectiles. Emergency responders should control LP gas leaks and fires by stopping gas flow if possible, diluting vapors to prevent ignition, and cooling exposed vessels to prevent BLEVEs.
Industrial Fire Safety is the set of practices intended to reduce the destruction caused by fire.
Industrial Fire Safety measures include those that are intended to prevent ignition of an uncontrolled fire, and those that are used to limit the development and effects of a fire after it starts.
Industrial fire safety is primarily a management activity which is concerned with
Reducing
Controlling &
Eliminating fire accident from the industries or industrial units.
Common Causes For Fire Hazards InIndustries - Electrical systems that are overloaded, resulting in hot wiring or connections, or failed components
Combustible storage areas with insufficient protection
Combustibles near equipment that generates heat, flame, or sparks
Candles and other open flames
Smoking (Cigarettes, cigars, pipes, lighters, etc.)
Equipment that generates heat and utilizes combustible materials
Four E's of Fire Safety - Engineering: i.e. safety at the design, equipment installation stage.
Education: i.e. education of employees in fire safety practices.
Enlistment: i.e. it concerns the attitude of the employees and management towards the programmed and its purpose. This necessary arose the interest of employees in fire accident prevention and safety consciousness.
Encouragement: i.e. to enforce adherence to fire safe rules and practices.Industrial Fire Safety Instruments
Over time, an increased understanding of the many factors that contribute to the risk of fire has led to positive developments in the fire protection of industrial structures. Improvements in public fire protection systems and services, as well as increased use of private active or passive systems through fire-protection and loss-control engineering, has meant an overall decrease in the cost of industrial fire hazards. A discussion of the factors affecting insurance premium
This document discusses waste treatment and disposal technology, specifically focusing on air containment, general ventilation systems, local exhaust systems, and confined space safety measures. It defines key terms like ventilation, industrial ventilation, confined spaces, and components of local exhaust systems. It outlines common hazards in confined spaces like oxygen deficiency, fires/explosions, and toxic fumes. The document emphasizes the importance of ventilation for confined spaces and outlines basic ventilation requirements and strategies for ventilating spaces before and during entry and work.
Welding and Cutting Safety Training by the University of Southern MississippiAtlantic Training, LLC.
This document discusses welding safety hazards and controls. It covers health hazards from welding fumes and gases, which can cause lung diseases and cancer. Engineering controls like ventilation and personal protective equipment like respirators are recommended to reduce exposure. Other safety topics addressed include electrical, fire, ergonomic, and compressed gas cylinder hazards, as well as general safe work practices for welding.
This document discusses flammable gases and their explosive limits when mixed with oxygen in air. It notes that air contains about 21% oxygen and defines the lower and upper explosive limits as the concentration ranges of a flammable gas or vapor mixed with air below and above which it is not explosive, providing methane, propane and hydrogen as examples with their percentage ranges.
This document provides definitions and information related to fire and explosion hazards. It defines key terms like hazard, risk, fire, explosion, ignition sources, and stages of combustion. It also discusses flash point, fire point, auto-ignition temperature, and flammability limits. The document outlines how to prevent and mitigate explosions through ventilation, ignition source control, containment, material substitution, and separation. It also discusses hazardous area classification and electrical equipment certification for different zones and gas/vapor groups.
Hazardous Area Location Presentation
• What is a Hazardous Location?
• What causes an explosion?
• Potential ignition sources
• Protection concepts 101
• Classification Schemes (ATEX/IEC vs. NEC)
• Designing/Certification for HazLoc
Ex D, Ex E, Ex DE, Ex ED, Ex np, Ex I
This document provides safety guidelines for working with oxygen and acetylene gases. It describes the properties of oxygen and acetylene, safe storage and handling procedures, how to properly use regulators and hoses, tips for preventing backfires and flashbacks, and the importance of using the correct safety equipment. The key risks are fires and explosions that can occur if the gases mix or equipment malfunctions, so following all safety procedures is critical when using these flammable gases.
This document discusses fire and gas detection systems. It begins by defining fire and gases, explaining that fire is a chain reaction between fuel and oxygen that produces heat, light and other byproducts. Gases disperse and mix rapidly. Detection systems are needed to monitor hazardous gas levels and provide early warning before hazards form. They protect people, infrastructure and the environment per safety laws and codes. Detection considers flammable, toxic and asphyxiant gas risks. The document then covers gas properties, ignition risks, limits of flammability, and detection technology types like infrared and catalytic sensors. It stresses the importance of instrument calibration and certification to ensure accurate measurements. Examples of industrial accidents caused by gas leaks are also provided.
Compressed gas cylinders require careful handling and storage due to the multiple hazards they present. Three key safety procedures for working with compressed gas cylinders are: securely storing cylinders to prevent tipping, clearly identifying cylinder contents to avoid mixing incompatible gases, and carefully checking all cylinder valves and connections for leaks using soap solutions before opening cylinder valves.
This document provides information on various types of breathing apparatus used to provide breathable air in dangerous atmospheres. It discusses the physiology of respiration and lung volumes. It also describes specific apparatus like SCBA and their parts like cylinders, regulators, hoses, masks. Hazards of elevated temperature, oxygen deficiency, toxic gases are explained. Donning, use, and doffing procedures are outlined to correctly operate the equipment.
This document discusses hazardous area classification. It defines a hazardous area as one where flammable gases, vapors or dusts may be present. It describes international standards for classifying hazardous areas, including dividing them into zones based on the likelihood of a flammable substance being present, and groups based on the substance's autoignition temperature. It also compares the IEC and NEC classification systems, outlining their approaches to zones/divisions, temperature ratings, protection techniques, and ingress protection ratings. The document provides information on these topics to explain the need for proper hazardous area classification.
This document summarizes a presentation on investigating and defending liability claims related to hot work and welding fires. It discusses key issues such as the standard of care, including NFPA and OSHA regulations; identifying the responsible party according to codes and permits; challenges like determining the fire's origin and considering the time lapse between welding and fire; and developing an expert opinion on the cause and responsibilities related to the fire. The goal is to provide an overview of how to successfully investigate and evaluate these complex cases.
This document summarizes challenges in hot work/welding fire liability cases and strategies for overcoming them. It discusses 5 key liability challenges: (1) determining the location of fire origin, (2) establishing the time lapse between welding and fire, (3) proving violations of standards of care, (4) addressing contracts and waivers, and (5) coverage exclusions. It provides tips for investigations including burn pattern analysis, smoldering fire processes, and standard of care codes. Expert opinions on fire causation and site safety are emphasized for solidifying liability arguments in these complex cases.
EXD Hazardous Area Barrier Glands from Flexicon are manufactured from nickel plated brass with a nylon seal, to an IP rating of IP66, IP67, IP68 (5bar) and IP69K - ATEX certified barrier glands are suitable for use with Flexicon flexible conduit (liquid tight types) in Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 21 and Zone 22.
EXD flameproof barrier glands are suitable for use in Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 21 and Zone 22 hazardous areas, when used with the Flexicon range of liquid-tight flexible conduits.
Hazardous Area Barrier Gland (ATEX) Certified
• High mechanical strength
• Suitable for threaded entries
• Operating temperature of -60oC to +85oC
• Two-part epoxy solid-setting putty, gloves and mixing instructions
ATEX barrier glands for indoor or outdoor use in Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 21 and Zone 22 Hazardous Areas with all types of cables housed in Liquid Tight flexible conduit systems. ATEX barrier glands are suitable for knockouts or threaded entries. Nickel plated brass compression fitting comprising of body, nut, earthing ferrule, nylon compression seal and compound barrier. The compound barrier seals around the cable conductors for hazardous area cable glanding on conduit systems. The earthing ferrule is manufactured in machined nickel plated brass to facilitate easy assembly and re-use. Also ensures high mechanical strength and electrical continuity.
Flexicon flexible conduits with ATEX flameproof barrier glands (LTP-EXD flameproof barrier glands) are suitable for use with Flexicon LTP, LTPHC, LTPUL, LTPSS and LTPPU conduits.
This document provides information on PROTEGO deflagration flame arresters. It discusses their function of extinguishing flames in pipelines to protect equipment from deflagrations. It describes the modular design of the flame arrester unit and selection of the appropriate type and size based on the process parameters and explosion group of gases. Guidelines are provided on sizing, installation, selection, applications, and special designs available for critical services.
This document discusses fire safety standards and regulations for metro rail systems. It provides information on various international standards like EN 45545, NFPA 130, and standards from countries like the UK, Germany, and France. It explains concepts like operational categories, hazard levels, fire resistance of materials, requirements for electrical equipment, fire detection and suppression systems, and trends in metro design for improved safety like emergency evacuation and ventilation. The document emphasizes the importance of preventing fires, limiting their spread, minimizing harm through proper material selection, and controlling fires using detection and suppression.
This document provides information on ATEX-approved aluminium and polyester blank enclosures from BERNSTEIN AG. It lists various enclosure models from the CA, CP, and CPS series, including their external dimensions, article numbers, technical specifications, and approvals. The enclosures are certified for use in explosive gas and dust atmospheres. They are designed to house electrical and mechanical equipment and provide IP66 protection. The document provides details on enclosure materials, colors, temperature ratings, and certifications.
This document provides information on pressure safety devices including rupture discs, explosion panels, nitrogen blanketing systems, and emergency relief hatches. It discusses rupture disc models, specifications, materials, testing procedures, applicable standards, and selection guidelines. Key information includes 26 rupture disc models and their specific features, the use of burst sensors, and guidelines for selecting the proper rupture disc size and model based on process data and operating conditions.
Combustible Dust: More than just Industrial HousekeepingNilfiskVacuums
This presentation explains industrial explosions caused by combustible dust. It answers the questions:
What is Combustible Dust?
Who’s at Risk?
It offers instruction for proper maintenance and industrial housekeeping practices. It provides combustible dust resources. It also provides an explanation of industrial vacuums and explosion-proof vacuums for improved worker safety.
Choosing the Right Industrial Vacuum
Flexicon is a manufacturer of flexible conduit and cable management solutions. They offer a wide range of liquid tight flexible conduit options that provide high levels of mechanical protection for indoor and outdoor cable installations. The conduit options include standard, low fire hazard, extra low fire hazard, and anti-static varieties to suit various applications and hazardous environments. Flexicon conduits and fittings are independently tested and certified to global standards to provide assurance of quality and compliance.
This document discusses special hazard fire protection systems from Tyco Fire & Building Products. It defines special hazards as fire risks from areas, equipment, or processes that standard sprinkler systems cannot adequately protect. Examples mentioned include flammable liquids, cooling towers, and transformers. The document promotes Tyco's range of products for special hazard systems, including nozzles, preaction sprinkler systems, deluge valves, and integrated cabinet packages containing all necessary components.
The document provides an overview of valve and actuator products from a company that has been developing, producing, and selling industrial valves and actuators for over 40 years. It employs around 1,000 people across multiple production locations and subsidiaries globally. The company offers a wide range of valve types, including resilient seated valves, PTFE valves, high performance valves, knife gate valves, and special application valves. It prides itself on outstanding quality and customized solutions through precise coordination of valves, actuators, and automation technology.
This document provides an overview of Maverick Valves BV, a Dutch manufacturer and supplier of special valves for industrial applications. It includes information about their manufacturing facilities, in-house testing activities, product portfolio including ball valves, gate valves, check valves, plug valves, globe valves, choke valves, butterfly valves, pig valves, subsea valves, and severe service valves. It also lists various certifications and standards they comply with.
Hazardous Area Isolators
ATEX Isolators - Zone 22 Category 3D Isolators
Craig & Derricott ATEX certified isolators and switch disconnectors for hazardous area Group II, Zone 22, Cat 3D Non-Conductive Dusts - typical installation areas include grain mills, textiles, cargo handling, powder coating plant, chemicals, woodworking and waste processing.
From July 2006 the onus was placed upon companies to ensure that all electrical equipment within their site organisation is suitable for the environment in which it is being used - this was aimed particularly at hazardous areas where there may be a possibility of a combustible atmosphere being present, even for short periods i.e. less than 10 hours/year.
People normally think of such atmospheres as being gases, mists or vapours - however there are various industries where a conductive or non-conductive dust mixed with air in the right proportion can become explosive.
There are different degrees of protection against explosive dusts and hazardous area Zone 22 is defined as : - "a place in which an explosive atmosphere, in the form of a cloud of combustible dust in air, is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a short period only".
ATEX Directive 94/9/EC sets out the route electrical equipment manufacturers must take to get their products certified for use in hazardous areas.
ATEX Certified Electrical Equipment for Hazardous Areas
ATEX is the name given to a set of European Directives relating to Hazardous Area Electrical Equipment Installations (Flammable Atmospheres) to avoid industrial accident or incident. ATEX Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX 95), is a directive adopted by the EU under the “New Approach” strategy. The “New Approach” ATEX directive supersedes the “Old Approach” ATEX Directive, the Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 76/117/EEC – ATEX 94/9/EC (ATEX 95) facilitates free trade in the EC for hazardous area electrical equipment intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres. ATEX Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX 95) covers “Electrical Equipment” used in hazardous areas with potentially explosive atmospheres created by presence of gases, vapours, mists or dusts.
A flame arrester operates by removing heat from the flame as it attempts to travel through narrow passages with heat-conductive walls. The arrester will stop a high velocity flame by absorbing heat away from the flame head, which lowers the burning gas/air mixture below its auto-ignition temperature, and creating an atmosphere where the flame cannot be sustained. The channels or passages in the flame arrester are designed to very efficiently conduct heat outward, but still allow the gasses to flow.
The document provides an overview of ATEX regulations for explosive atmospheres. It discusses:
1) The basics of ATEX classification including area classes, explosion groups, and risk management principles.
2) A comparison of IEC and EN standards for explosive atmospheres, covering regulations for area classification, equipment requirements, and installation standards.
3) Common principles of explosion prevention including the combustion triangle of flammable material, oxygen, and ignition sources, as well as potential ignition sources.
Aiditec Systems is an innovative technology company specializing in lightning protection systems. They research, develop, manufacture, and distribute advanced lightning protection products. The document discusses their ESE Advance lightning rods. These rods incorporate new technologies to maintain insulation between electrodes and ensure quick deionization after strikes. They have passed certification tests for early streamer emission rods and provide protection radii guarantees. The rods' isolating rain system ensures operation even in extreme rain conditions through insulating sleeves around the electrodes.
Hazardous work areas present special challenges for the workers and businesses that must operate within them. These work areas are often confined rooms or containers like fuel tanks where vapors and gases from work activities can become concentrated to dangerous levels. As well as the obvious dangers posed by inhalation of these contaminants are the not so obvious dangers that can have lethal consequences if not properly addressed. Intrinsically safe lights which are defined by Underwriter Laboratories as basically any electronic circuit that is “incapable” of causing ignition, which puts them in an ultra-high classification outside that of explosion proof lights. When working in confined spaces such as but not limited to boilers, pressure vessels, cargo holds, cargo tanks, ballast tanks, double bottoms, double hull spaces, fuel oil, lube oil, sewage-tanks, pump-rooms, compressor rooms, cofferdams, void spaces, duct keels, inter-barrier spaces and engine crankcases, etc. rely on the Intrinsic safety lighting range from Nightstick. PSC are the official distributors of NightStick for Indian Markets.
AS-Schneider is one of the World's Leading Manufacturers of
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Today we are supplying a range of Process to Instrument
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You can rest assured in your decision to purchase
AS-Schneider, we are a modern, international family-owned
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Valves and Manifolds.
Lewden Electrical Industries has been supplying Electrical Equipment to Industry for over 60 years, established in 1946, Lewden Metal Products as it was then known, developed an expertise in the Metal Die-casting and Machining of products for the Electrical and Components Industry.
Palazzoli plugs, sockets and interlocked socket outlets for industrial, hazardous area (ATEX certified), marine and general low voltage power distribution, control, protection and signalling devices.
Palazzoli Industrial Overview - Industrial distribution boards, Industrial socket outlets, Industrial plugs, Industrial enclosures, Protection and signalling devices, Lighting appliances, Control devices, Protection devices, Inter-locked socket outlets, Mobile plug and socket outlets, Straight plugs.
Palazzoli ATEX Overview - ATEX plugs, ATEX inter-locked sockets, ATEX enclosures, ATEX protection and signalling devices, ATEX lighting.
Lewden Electrical - Palazzoli ATEX Solutions for Explosive Atmospheres: Industrial Plugs & Sockets, ATEX Enclosures, Cable Glands & Fittings, ATEX Control Devices, Lighting Fixtures & Signalling Devices.
Dekoron 1219 FR tubing is a flame retardant polyethylene tubing that can be installed according to NFPA Standard 90A. It is made from a linear low-density polyethylene formulation that is UL recognized and combines the characteristics of polyethylene with flame retardant properties. The tubing prevents fire propagation and extinguishes quickly after removal from an open flame. It is flexible, lightweight, abrasion resistant, and has high tensile strength like standard polyethylene tubing. Extensive testing is done to ensure stress crack resistance.
Similar to Presentation for flame arresters 副本 (20)
In China and in ethnic communities around the world, the Lunar New Year is celebrated as the most important and most festive holiday of the year. The day itself — this year, Friday, January 27th, 2017 —initiating another year of the rooster.
20161221 why i use a flame arrester-by susansusan yao
Do you have a chemical industry? If yes, then flame arrestor is a must for you. Although, the first thing you need to know is what it is and why it is actually used.
Experience record Gas Applications
For any further information, please do not hesitate to email sjd_susan@valve4s.com
FireSafeTec GmbH is a German based company founded by former employees of RMG-GASELAN. The long time experience in development, design and manufacturing of flame arresters, breather valves and emergency pressure manholes ensures an ongoing tradition in Fürstenwalde.
We are developing and producing devices and safety systems recommended for use in explosive areas. The company is a certified manufacturer of flame arresters and breather valves with and without flame arrester function.
All products are certified by a third party (IBExU – Institut für Sicherheitstechnik) as per the EC Directive 94/9/EC and approved to meet CE conformity.The company is certified in accordance with ISO 9001 and PED 97/23/EC Module H.
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Liaoning SJD Trading Co. Ltd. is a Chinese company that has been located in China since 1999 specializing in ball valve equipment. They have 68 engineers and 300 employees who produce various types of ball valves including ship building forged steel floating ball valves, nuclear top entry ball valves, forged steel trunnion ball valves, and V type ball valves. The company provides information on their ball valve products, photos of ball valves in use, and ball valve certifications.
Dalmo Induction Motor Brief Introduction 20160602susan yao
SJD TRADING CO., LTD. mainly engaged in pump, valve and industrial automation instrumentation, metal products, elevators, rail transmit vehicle, platform screen door(PSD), civil building materials, solar power generation equipment, etc.
Now our business has been spread to Turkey, Kuwait, UAE, Malaysia, Austria, Italy, Czech Republic and other countries. A perfect solution for your application. Feel relax to contact me now.
Yours sincerely Susan
sjd_susan@valve4s.com
We attend HANNOVER MESSE during Apr.25-29 with 18m2 booth, we win a good results. we have more than 60 visitors from more than 10 countries, and on spot we sign 4 intent orders. Thanks for all customers' support, see you next year! Any further information, email sjd_susan@valve4s.com
On April 28th, 2016, it is the 4th day of the Germany Hannover 2016. Many our clients and customers visit us at the booth during these days. And several clients already show their high interesting in our products. SJD has reached primary intent of cooperation with several clients nowadays.
sjd_susan@valve4s.com
On April 27th, 2016, it is the 3rd day of the Germany Hannover 2016. Many our clients and customers visit us at the booth during these days. And they show their high interesting in our products. SJD has reached primary intent of cooperation with several clients nowadays.
On April 25th-29th, 2016 , it is our pleasure to invite you to visit Booth A51-4 & A51-5 in Hall 5 in Germany Hannover Messe 2016.
SJD trading Co., Ltd is a professional manufacturer and master distributor of industrial valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings with more than 20 years experience in industry.
Any further information, email sjd_susan@valve4s.com.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
SJD TRADING CO., LTD Brief Introduction PPTsusan yao
SJD trading Co., Ltd is a professional manufacturer and master distributor of industrial valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings with more than 20 years experience in industry.
On April 25th-29th, 2016 , it is our pleasure to invite you to visit Booth A51-4 & A51-5 in Hall 5 in Germany Hannover Messe 2016.
Any problem on valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings, it is our pleasure to support. Email sjd_susan@valve4s.com for further information.
SJD a valve manufacturer, distributor and tradersusan yao
SJD trading Co., Ltd is a professional manufacturer and master distributor of industrial valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings with more than 20 years experience in industry. Any problem on valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings, it is our pleasure to support.
On April 25th-29th, 2016 , it is our pleasure to invite you to visit Booth A51-4 & A51-5 in Hall 5 in Germany Hannover Messe 2016.
visit http://www.valve4s.com/en/ for further information.
or email to sjd_susan@valve4s.com for your solution.
On April 25th-29th, 2016 , it is our pleasure to invite you to visit Booth A51-4 & A51-5 in Hall 5 in Germany Hannover Messe 2016.
This is susan from SJD trading Co., Ltd, SJD is a professional manufacturer and master distributor of industrial valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings with more than 20 years experience in industry. Any problem on valves, seamless weld pipes, pumps and fittings, it is our pleasure to support.
The document provides information about the Three Eccentric Metal Seal Butterfly Valve produced by Liaoning SJD Trading Co., Ltd. The butterfly valve can be used across various industrial fields and has a long life with light opening/closing torque. It can withstand counter-pressure and temperatures ranging from -196°C to 815°C. The valve has excellent flow characteristics as it can cut off and adjust media flow. Nominal diameters range from 50 to 2000mm with nominal pressures from 0.6 to 4.0MPa.
The Most Inspiring Entrepreneurs to Follow in 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In a world where the potential of youth innovation remains vastly untouched, there emerges a guiding light in the form of Norm Goldstein, the Founder and CEO of EduNetwork Partners. His dedication to this cause has earned him recognition as a Congressional Leadership Award recipient.
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Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on Investing in AI for ABS Alu...Herman Kienhuis
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Introduction to the Panel on: Pathways and Challenges: AI-Driven Technology in Agri-Food, AI4Food, University of Guelph
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During the budget session of 2024-25, the finance minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, introduced the “solar Rooftop scheme,” also known as “PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana.” It is a subsidy offered to those who wish to put up solar panels in their homes using domestic power systems. Additionally, adopting photovoltaic technology at home allows you to lower your monthly electricity expenses. Today in this blog we will talk all about what is the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana. How does it work? Who is eligible for this yojana and all the other things related to this scheme?
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China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
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I dive into how businesses can stay competitive by integrating AI into their core processes. From identifying the right approach to building collaborative teams and recognizing common pitfalls, this guide has got you covered. AI transformation is a journey, and this playbook is here to help you navigate it successfully.
1. Susan Yao
Business Development Manager
SJD TRADING CO., LTD.
sjd_susan@valve4s.com
Page 1 www.valve4s.com “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
2. general information – flame arrester
• terminology
• classification
• legal foundations / norms
• examples
product range of FireSafeTec
• flame arrester
• p/v-valves
Page 2 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
FireSafeTec GmbH
www.valve4s.com
3. Flame arrester (FA)
Page 3 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
Definition acc. ISO 16852
- device fitted to the opening of an enclosure,
or to the connection pipe work of a system of enclosures
- intended function:
is to allow flow but prevent the transmission of flame
www.valve4s.com
5. Flame arrester (FA)
oxygen
Ignition source
Flammable
substance
Page 5 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
needed when:
explosive mixtures (fuel +
oxygen) are transported,
stored and processed
ignition sources are
potentially available
(open flames, sparks, hot
surfaces and others)
Precondition for explosion
www.valve4s.com
6. Classification according installation location
in-line flame arrester
flame arrester that is fitted with two pipe
connections, one on each side of the flame
arrester
end-of-line flame arrester
flame arrester that is fitted with one pipe
connection only
Page 6 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
7. Classification according installation location
pre-volume flame arrester
prevents flame transmission from inside of an explosion-pressure-resistant
containment after ignition by an internal ignition source (e.g. a vessel or closed
pipe work) to the outside, or into the connecting pipe work
pre volume in-line flame arrester
Page 7 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
pre volume end-of-line flame arrester
www.valve4s.com
8. Classification by type of explosion
explosion
abrupt oxidation- or decomposition reaction with increase in
temperature, pressure or both at the same time
deflagration
explosion with subsonic speed
detonation
explosion with supersonic speed
characterized by a shock wave
unstable detonation
during the transition from a
deflagration to a stable detonation
(spatially limited area, depending from
pipe diameter, pipe configuration,
explosion group and others)
stable detonation
without signifant pressure- or
velocity change
athmospheric
deflagration
pipe- deflagration
volume-deflagration
Page 8 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
9. Classification of detonation flame arresters
detonation
unstable detonation
stable detonation
DET 1
DET 2
DET 3
Designation according to ISO 16852:
tested for unstable detonation
with restriction
tested for unstable detonation
without restriction
tested for stable detonation
with restriction
tested for stable detonation
without restriction
Page 9 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
DET 4
www.valve4s.com
10. Combustion process in a pipeline
stable detonationunstable detonation
detonation
most L/DN < 50 L/DN > 50
vandp
Page 10 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
11. Classification by type of flamequenching
dry flame arrester element
static flame arrester element
measurable type
metal foil element
not measurable type
gravel beds, sintered metals, knitted mesh
dynamic flame arrester element
flow monitored device
high speed valves
wet flame arrester element
flame arrester element with water
liquid seal, foot valve, hydraulic flame arrester
flame arrester with operating medium
Page 11 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
12. Metal foil element – Core of the flame arrester element
• constructed of a crimped and
a flat ribbon made of stainless steel
• precisely defined gap (measurable type)
• gap width from 0,2 to 0,9 mm available
metal foil element 0,7 mm
Page 12 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
13. Metal foil element – Mode of operation
Flamequenching
Gap length L
GapwidthSW
Gap width to large:
flame propagation
Page 13 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
Gap width reduced
or gap length enlarged:
no flame propagation
www.valve4s.com
14. Classification by fire behavior – burn rating
Page 14 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
no burn time
Burn rating BC
acc. to ISO 16852
„c“
„b“
„a“
stabilized burning
constant burning of a flame under stabilization at or near the flame
arrester element
short time burning
temporary burning for a certain time of 1 min to 30 min
endurance burning
stabilized burning for an indefinite time
www.valve4s.com
15. Classification by fire behavior
Examples for applications of end-of-line flame arresters:
Page 15 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
deflagration
end-of-line
flame arrester
deflagration- and
short time burning
end-of-line flame arrester
deflagration- and
endurance burning
end-of-line flame arrester
www.valve4s.com
16. Flame arresters and vents-
safety requirements
Page 16 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
Our flame arresters are compliant with the following regulations:
guideline 94/9/EG Equipment and protective systems intended for use in
potentially explosive atmospheres
EN ISO 16852 Flame arresters – performance requirements, test methods
and limits for use
Explosive atmospheres- Explosion prevention and protection
Part 1: basic concepts and methodology
EN 1127-1
Our vents are additionally compliant with the following regulations:
EN 13463-1 Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres Part 1: Basic method and requirements
Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres Part 5: Protection by constructional safety “c”
EN 13463-5
www.valve4s.com
17. Safety technical basics
Page 17 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
Classification of the explosion groups according to ISO 16852
Explosion
group
Maximum
experimental safe
gap in mm
NEC explosion
groups
(USA, Kanada)
Reference gas
IIA1 (I) ≥1,14 methane
IIA >0,90 D propane
IIB1 ≥0,85
IIB2 ≥0,75
IIB3 ≥0,65 C ethylene
IIB ≥0,50
IIC <0,50 B hydrogen
www.valve4s.com
18. Maximum experimental safe gap (MESG)
testing device for maximum experimental safe gap
Maximum experimental safe gap
(MESG)
Maximum gap of the joint between the two parts of the interior
chambers of a test apparatus, which when the internal
gas mixture is ignited under specific conditions, prevents
ignition of the external gas mixture through a 25 mm long joint
for all concentrations of the tested gas or vapor in air.
(IEC 60079-1-1)
Attention:
The MESG is not comparable with the performed gap width
of the metal foil element.
Page 18 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
19. Flame arresters and vents -
Safety requirements
Page 19 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
Our company and our products are officially approved by a notified body
under directive 94/9/EC:
notified body ident. no responsible for
IBExU - Institut für
Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
0637 EC-Type Examination
Certificate
IBExU - Institut für
Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
0637 Production Quality Assurance
acc. 94/9/EC - Annex IV
www.valve4s.com
24. flame arrester FST105
protective system:
Page 24 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
in-line deflagration or
detonation flame arrester
explosion group: IIA1, IIA, IIB3, IIC
nominal diameter: DN50 to DN200
www.valve4s.com
25. flame arrester FST200
protective system:
Page 25 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
end of line deflagration
flame arrester
explosion group: IIA1, IIA, IIB3
nominal diameter: 1“ to 2“
DN25 to DN400
www.valve4s.com
26. FST – Type designation (example)
FST 102 / 35-3/8“ / D2IIAp1,1T60-a
device type
- nominal size (NG)
(diameter of flame arrester element)
- nominal diameter (DN)
(diameter of flange or thread)
application
Page 26 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
27. FST – Type designation
Page 27 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
device type
FST 1 x x
FST 2 x x
FST 3 x x
FST 4 x x
FST 5 x x
FST 6 x x
FST 7 x x
FST 8 x x
FST 9 x x
in-line flame arrester
end-of-line flame arrester
pre-volume flame
arrester
valves with flame arrester element
valves without flame arrester
element
line-mounted
valves pilot-
operated valve
-
special equipmentwww.valve4s.com
28. FST – Type designation application
type of protection
explosion group
maximum operational pressure
maximum operational temperature
L/D-ratio
burning class BC
Page 28 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
in-line deflagration flame arrester IIA p1,2 T60 L60 -b
in-line detonation flame arrester D4 IIB3 p1,3 T60
End-of-line deflagration flame arrester IIA1 p1,1 T60 -a
www.valve4s.com
29. Pressure vacuum valves
Page 29 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
application
composition
mode of operation
www.valve4s.com
33. p/v-valve FST420
protective system:
Page 33 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
end of line deflagration
flame arrester with p/v-valve
IIB3
+5 to +50 mbar
-2,5 to -50 mbar
DN50, DN80, DN100
explosion group:
setting pressure:
setting vacuum:
nominal diameter:
www.valve4s.com
34. FST420 – main components
Overpressure
valve insert
Vacuum valve
insert
Flame arrester
element
Tank pressure
Ambient
pressure
Page 34 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
35. FST420 – mode of operation
Overpressure Vacuum
Page 35 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””www.valve4s.com
36. Documentation
Page 36 “ENGINEERED for SAFETY””
following documents are part of our documentation:
• Test certificate acc. EN 10204
• Dimension sheet
• Pressure drop / volume flow diagram
• Declaration of compliance
• Instruction for operating and maintenance
www.valve4s.com