OISD-STD-117 Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots, Terminals, Pipeline Installations & Lube oil installations

OISD-STD-117
Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots, Terminals,
Pipeline Installations & Lube oil installations
Prepared By
iFluids Engineering
info@ifluids.com | www.iFluids.com
Issued By
FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE ON FIRE PROTECTION

OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate)
 OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate) is a technical directorate under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural
Gas that formulates and coordinates the implementation of a series of self regulatory measures aimed at
enhancing the safety in the oil & gas industry in India

OISD-117-CONTENTS
 Scope
 Petroleum Depots & Terminals
 Classification of Petroleum Products
 General Terminology
 Fire Protection Philosophy
 General Considerations
 Design Criteria of Fire Protection
System
 Fire Water System
 Foam Systems
 Control room and computer room
protection
 First Aid Fire Fighting Equipment
 Mobile Fire Fighting Equipment
 Fire Alarm/Communication System
 Fire Alarm System
 Communication System
 Detection and Alarm System
 Fire Safety Organization/Training
 Organization
 Training
 Mutual Aid
 Fire Emergency Manual
 Fire Protection System, Inspection &
Testing
 Fire Water Pumps
 Fire Water Ring Main
 Fire Water Spray System
 Fixed/ Semi Fixed Foam System
 Clean Agent System
 Hoses
 Communication System
 Fire water tank / Reservoir
 Fire Extinguishers
 Common fire fighting facility for
cluster of terminals

OISD-STD-117 – SCOPE
 This standard recommends the minimum requirement of fire protection facilities at Petroleum Depots,
Terminals, Pipeline Installations with or without Storages, Central Tank Farms (CTF), Lube Oil Installations,
Grease Manufacturing & Filling Facilities.
 It is intended that the provisions specified in this standard shall be implemented progressively for the
existing facilities. For the new / upcoming locations / facilities, these shall be implemented along with
commissioning.

CLASSIFICATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Petroleum products other than LPG are classified according to their Flash Point as follows:-
 Petroleum Class A - having a flash point below 23 deg C.
 Petroleum Class B - having a flash point of 23 deg C and above but below 65 deg C.
 Petroleum Class C - having a flash point of 65 deg C and above but below 93 deg C.
 Excluded Petroleum - having a flash point 93 deg C and above.
Classification for Heated Petroleum Products
 Products handled by artificially heating it to above its flash point, Class C product shall be considered as Class B
product and Class B product as Class A product.

FIRE PROTECTION PHYLOSOPHY
 It is based on loss prevention & control.
 A fire in one facility can endanger other facility of the depot/terminal, if not controlled/extinguished as
quickly as possible to minimize the loss of life & property and prevent further spread of fire.

FIRE PROTECTION
Depending on the nature of risk, following fire protection facilities shall be provided in the installation.
 Fire Water System.
 Foam System.
 Clean Agent Protection System.
 First Aid Fire Fighting Equipment.
 Mobile Fire Fighting Equipment.
 Carbon Dioxide System
 Dry Chemical Extinguishing System
 Portable fire fighting equipment
 Fire Detection, Alarm & Communication System.

DESIGN CRITERIA FOR FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
 Facilities shall be designed on the basis that city fire water supply is not available close to the installation.
 The fire water system shall be provided based on single largest fire contingency for all locations where total
tankage in the terminal is up to 30,000 KL.
 The fire water system shall be provided based on two largest fire contingencies simultaneously for all
locations where total tankage in the terminal is more than 30,000 KL. This clause shall not be applicable for
location exclusively storing class C & excluded products.
 The hazardous areas shall be protected by a combination of hydrants & monitors.
 The installations storing Class A petroleum in above ground tanks shall have fixed water spray system.
http://www.eversafesystems.com/water-spry.php
 Class 'B' above ground Petroleum storage tanks (fixed roof or floating roof) of diameter larger than 30 m
shall be provided with fixed water spray system.
Updated Hydrantline layout 26082020.pdf

DESIGN CRITERIA FOR FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM Contd…
 TW loading gantries shall be provided with manually operated fixed water spray system.
 Fixed foam system or Semi-fixed foam system shall be provided on tanks (floating roof or fixed roof)
exceeding 18 m diameter storing Class A or Class B petroleum.
 Portable foam and/or UL/FM listed/approved variable flow water-cum-foam monitors shall be provided for
suppression of pool fire in tank farm area.
 Automatic actuated Rim Seal fire detection and extinguishing system shall be provided on all existing as
well as new external floating roof tank storing Class A Petroleum products.
 Fixed water spray system shall also be provided in lube oil drum areas if located in hazardous area.

DESIGN CRITERIA FOR FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM Contd…
 Clean Agent based flooding system should be provided for control rooms, computer rooms/ repeater
station and pressurized rooms in major locations having automated pipeline receipt/dispatch and/or
TW/TT loading facilities.
 Combined POL and LPG facilities in the same premises
i. Each POL / LPG facility shall independently meet the design, layout & fire protection system
requirements of corresponding OISD standards.
ii. The fire water requirement shall be based on two fire contingencies simultaneously in the combined
facility and fire water storage capacity shall be fixed accordingly.
iii. The fire water system shall ensure availability of pressure of 7 kg/cm2g at the farthest point.
iv. The entire fire water system shall remain pressurized and kept in auto mode for LPG installations.

FIRE WATER SYSTEM
 Components of Fire Water System
The main components of the system are Fire Water Storage, Fire Water Pumps and Distribution Piping
Network.
 Design Flow Rate
i. Fire water flow rate for a tank farm shall be aggregate of the following:
 Water flow calculated for cooling a tank on fire at a rate of 3 lpm/m² of tank shell area.
 Water flow calculated for exposure protection for all other tanks falling within a radius of (R+30) m from
centre of the tank on fire (R-Radius of tank on fire) and situated in the same dyke at a rate of 3 lpm/m² of
tank shell area and outside a radius of (R+30) m from centre of the tank on fire and situated in the same
dyke at a rate of 1 lpm/m2 of tank shell area. 07.09.16 FIRE REVAMP-167-03 PHBPL Haldia.pdf

Design Flow Rate Contd…
ii. Fire water flow for pump house shed at cross country pipeline installations shall be at a rate of 10.2
lpm/m².
iii. Fire water flow rate for TW loading gantry and product pump house in a depot or terminal shall be
calculated at a rate of @ 10.2 lpm/m2.
iv. For Pump of volatile product/s located under pipe rack fire water flow rate shall be calculated at a rate of
20.4 lpm/ m2.
v. Fire water flow rate for supplementary streams shall be based on using 4 single hydrant outlets. Capacity
of each hydrant outlet as 36 m3/hr shall be considered at a pressure of 7 kg/cm2 (g). The supplementary
water stream requirement shall be in addition to design flow rates as calculated in (i), (ii), (iii) & (iv) above.

 Header Pressure
Fire water system shall be designed for a minimum residual pressure of 7 kg/cm2 (g) at hydraulically remotest
point.
 Storage
The effective capacity of the reservoir/tank above the level of suction point shall be minimum 4 hours of the
aggregate rated capacity of pumps.
 Fire Water Pumps
i. The Fire water pumps shall be capable of discharging 150% of its rated discharge at a minimum of 65% of
the rated head. The Shut-off head shall not exceed 120% of rated head for horizontal centrifugal pumps
and 140% for vertical turbine pump.
ii. The fire water pump(s) including the standby pump(s) shall be of diesel engine driven type. Where
electric supply is reliable, 50% of the pumps can be electric driven.
iii. The fire water network shall be kept pressurized by jockey pump(s).
iv. Suction and discharge valves of fire water pumps shall be kept full open all the times.

 Fire Water Network
(i) Looping - The fire water network shall be laid in closed loops
(ii) Above / Underground Network - The fire water network steel piping should normally be laid above
ground at a height of at least 300 mm above finished ground level. The ring main shall be laid
underground at the following places - Road crossings, Places where above ground piping is likely to cause
obstruction to operation and vehicle movement.
(iii) Protection of underground pipeline - The ring main shall have at least 1 m earth cushion in open ground,
1.5 m cushion under the road crossings
(iv) Support & Protection of above ground pipelines - The mains shall be supported at regular intervals not
exceeding 6 m. For pipeline size less than 150 mm, support interval shall not exceed 3 m.
(v) Sizing of pipeline - Fire water ring main shall be sized for 120% of the design water flow rate.

 Hydrants & Monitors
 At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 30 m of external wall
measurement or perimeter of battery limit in case of high hazard areas. For non-
hazardous area, they shall be spaced at 45 m intervals. The horizontal range &
coverage of hydrants with hose connections shall not be considered beyond 45 m.
07.09.16 FIRE REVAMP-167-03 PHBPL Haldia.pdf
 Hydrants shall be located at a minimum distance of 15 m from the periphery of
storage tank or equipment under protection.
 Monitors shall not be installed within 15 m of hazardous equipment. The location of
the monitors shall not exceed 45 m from the hazard to be protected.
 For marketing terminals & Petroleum Depots, Pipeline & Central crude oil Tank Farms
the remote operated high volume long range (HVLR) water cum foam monitors
(Capacity 500/750/1000 GPM and above ) to fight tank fires shall be provided with
variable flow (with flow adjustable manually in the field). Foam induction to the
monitor shall be possible from minimum 60 m distance from the monitor. These high
volume long range monitors shall be located at distance of 15m to 45 m from the
hazardous equipment.
 Hydrants and monitors shall not be installed inside the dyke areas.

FIXED WATER SPRAY SYSTEM
 Fixed water spray system is a fixed pipe system connected to a reliable source of water supply and equipped
with water spray nozzles for specific water discharge and distribution over the surface of area to be
protected. The piping system is connected to the hydrant system water supply through an automatically or
manually actuated valve which initiates the flow of water. Haldia PHBPL PHDPL Case _1_Scenario 1_Sinking
Roof.pdf
 Spray nozzles shall be directed radially to the tank at a distance not exceeding 0.6 m from the tank surface.

FOAM SYSTEMS
Efficient and effective foam delivery system is a vital tool for its usefulness in controlling the fire.
The process of adding or injecting the foam concentrate to water is called proportioning. The mixture of water and
foam compound (foam solution) is then mixed with air in a foam maker for onward transmission to burning surface.
There are three types of systems:-
 Fixed Foam System
 Semi-Fixed Foam System
 Mobile System

FLOATING ROOF TANK PROTECTION
 System to be designed to create foam in a short span of time.
 Continuous application of foam at a high rate
 Foam makers / pourers shall be located not more than 24 mtrs. apart on the shell perimeter based on
600 mm foam dam height
Automatic Actuated Rim seal Protection System for Floating Roof tanks: - provided on all existing as well
as new external floating roof tank storing Class A Petroleum products.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkqpqSQFG4U
FIXED ROOF TANK PROTECTION
 Vapour seal chamber shall be provided with an effective and durable seal, to prevent entrance of vapour
into the foam conveying piping system
 Where two or more pourers are required these shall be equally spaced at the periphery of the tank and
each discharge outlet shall be sized to deliver foam at approximately the same rate.

CONTROL ROOM AND COMPUTER ROOM PROTECTION
Control room and computer room should be protected by Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing System.
FIRST AID FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
 Portable Fire Extinguishers
 Wheeled Fire Fighting Equipment
 Hoses, nozzles & accessories
MOBILE FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
 Mobile fire fighting equipments include Foam trolleys, Portable water-cum-foam monitors, etc.
FIRE ALARM/COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
 Fire alarm system - Hand operated sirens, Electric fire sirens
 Communication system - Telephone, Public Address System, etc. should be provided in non-hazardous areas of
the installation.
 Detection and alarm system - Hydrocarbon detectors shall be installed near all potential leak source of class-A e.g.
tank dykes, tank manifolds, pump house manifold etc.

Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
+91 90254 00631

OISD-STD-117 Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots, Terminals, Pipeline Installations & Lube oil installations

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