This document discusses human evolution from 4.5 million years ago to 6,000 years ago, before the invention of writing. It describes several early human species, including Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals, and Cro-Magnon. For each species, it provides time periods and some key characteristics, such as tool use and control of fire. The document also discusses early civilizations in Iberia and Mediterranean cultures that colonized the Iberian Peninsula, including the Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, and Romans.

2. Look at the next picture
carefully.
What do you think it may
be?

5. Period of time before human people
learn to write.

6.  It begins with the appearance of the
human being (4,5 million years ago).
 Finishes with the invention of
writing, about 6,000 years ago.

7. 1. Australopithecus
2. Homo Habilis
3. Homo Erectus
4. Neanderthal
5. Cro-Magnon
1 2 3
4 5

8. • Lived 4 million to 1million B.C.
• First humanlike creatures to walk
upright
• Mary Leakey finds evidence in
Africa 1978
• Johanson finds “Lucy”
– Australopithecus
that lived 3.5 million years ago
– 1st full skeleton found of this
species

9. • Lived 2.5 million to 1.5 million B.C.
• Habilis means “man of skill”
• Thought to be the 1st to
make stone tools
– Used the tools to cut meat
and crack bones
– Evidence shows they could
cut elephant meat
• Jokingly known as the
“Handy Man”

11. • Lived 1.6 million to 30,000
B.C.
• Remains found in Africa,
Asia and Europe
• Considered to be the
“upright man”
• Developed new ways of
using stone tools
– Digging, scraping, etc.
• First group to control
& create FIRE
• Also thought to create
spoken/oral language

12. • These were the common humans
• Lived 100,000 to 400,000
years ago
• Cro-Magnon man and
Neanderthals are considered
the 1st two early Homo Sapiens
• Traveled from Africa to
Asia, Europe and the Americas
• Known as the “wise men”

14. • Found in Europe
• Considered fully
modern humans
• Created cave art
• Studied animals
and stalked their
prey
• Found in Europe
and SW Asia
• Battled Cro-
Magnons for food
and land
• 1st to have ritual
burials
• Very muscular
build- look like
cavemen

16.  One of Europe’s most important archaeological sites of the Copper Age. It is
located in the municipality of Santa Fe de Mondujar, some 17 kilometres from
Almeria city
 The people of Los Millares (3200-2200 B.C.) developed a splendid farming
culture, and were the first to introduce copper metallurgy in the Western
Mediterranean area.
 There is nothing comparable in entire Europe from that period.
 The site consists in four lines of wall and thirteen small advanced forts
protected its extensive population.

18.  There were different cultures in the Iberian Peninsula.
 They used iron to make tools.
 The IBERIANS lived in the East and South of Baleares. They worked
in agriculture and mining and traded their metals with the Greeks and
Phoenicians. They lived in fortified settlements.
 The Celts lived in the North and West. They worked in animal
farming.
 Celtiberians lived in the centre of the Peninsula. They shared
characteristics of both Celtic and Iberian cultures.

19. During the Metal Age, the coast of the Iberian Peninsula was colonised
by some Mediterranean cultures: phoenicians, greeks and carthaginians.
Phoenicians
The Phoenicians came from the eastern Mediterranean looking for
minerals . They invented the writing.
They founded the oldest city in the Iberian Peninsula, named GADIR
(Cádiz) and other important cities like MALAKA (Málaga), or QARD
HADASHT (Cartagena).
The Phoenicians gave the Iberian Peninsula the name of I-SHEPHAN-IM,
which means “land of rabbits”. Romans adapted this word to Latin as
Hispania.

20. The Greeks arrived in the 6th century BC
and founded their colonies in the East
and the South of the Peninsula such as
Ampurias (in Girona)
They exchanged pottery for metals, salt
and wheat.

21. Carthaginians came from North Africa in the 6th Century BC . They
founded two important cities in the Iberian Peninsula: Cartago Nova
(Cartagena) and Ibiza.
Carthaginians wanted to rule the world. But Romans wanted the same,
too. So they fought important battles called
“Punic Wars”

22. The Romans came to the Iberian Peninsula in 218 BC. They fought for 200
years to control it.
Emperor Augustus called it was divided into several provinces.
Hispania was once of the most Romanised regions of the Empire. Roman
Law ruled Hispania.