A short presentation on the phenomenon Rape Culture, Myth or Reality. Victims prefer to remain silent for a number of reasons. The silent chorus (society) helps to perpetuate the myths in many instances. How does one begin to address the challenges encountered?
A short presentation on the phenomenon Rape Culture, Myth or Reality. Victims prefer to remain silent for a number of reasons. The silent chorus (society) helps to perpetuate the myths in many instances. How does one begin to address the challenges encountered?
Hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime)[1] is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their membership (or perceived membership) of a certain social group or racial demographic.
Examples of such groups can include, and are almost exclusively limited to ethnicity, disability, language, nationality, physical appearance, religion, gender identity or sexual orientation.[2][3][4] Non-criminal actions that are motivated by these reasons are often called "bias incidents".
"Hate crime" generally refers to criminal acts which are seen to have been motivated by bias against one or more of the social groups listed above, or by bias against their derivatives. Incidents may involve physical assault, homicide, damage to property, bullying, harassment, verbal abuse (which includes slurs) or insults, mate crime or offensive graffiti or letters (hate mail).[5]
A hate crime law is a law intended to deter bias-motivated violence.[6] Hate crime laws are distinct from laws against hate speech: hate crime laws enhance the penalties associated with conduct which is already criminal under other laws, while hate speech laws criminalize a category of speech.
This ppt will help u in understanding hate crimes
Gender Based Violence and the LGBT Community in JamaicaTaitu Heron
Overview of GBV and how it also occurs in the LGBT community; looks at the invisibility and incompleteness of how the LGBT community in how GBV is considered as a public policy issue and as a mater of public health.
By Taitu Heron. Written in capacity as a member of Caribbean DAWN.
Framing rape culture: Media coverage of sexual assault in the United States a...Shelley Blundell
Media framing of sexual assault influences public perception of the crime. To date, most media coverage of sexual assault places the victim at the center of his or her victimization, and often implies that the victim was complicit in his/her own victimization. Facts-based, unbiased media coverage has the ability to both change public perception and influence public policy. Media coverage examples from both the United States and South Africa are compared and contrasted to support the latter statement.
Hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime)[1] is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their membership (or perceived membership) of a certain social group or racial demographic.
Examples of such groups can include, and are almost exclusively limited to ethnicity, disability, language, nationality, physical appearance, religion, gender identity or sexual orientation.[2][3][4] Non-criminal actions that are motivated by these reasons are often called "bias incidents".
"Hate crime" generally refers to criminal acts which are seen to have been motivated by bias against one or more of the social groups listed above, or by bias against their derivatives. Incidents may involve physical assault, homicide, damage to property, bullying, harassment, verbal abuse (which includes slurs) or insults, mate crime or offensive graffiti or letters (hate mail).[5]
A hate crime law is a law intended to deter bias-motivated violence.[6] Hate crime laws are distinct from laws against hate speech: hate crime laws enhance the penalties associated with conduct which is already criminal under other laws, while hate speech laws criminalize a category of speech.
This ppt will help u in understanding hate crimes
Gender Based Violence and the LGBT Community in JamaicaTaitu Heron
Overview of GBV and how it also occurs in the LGBT community; looks at the invisibility and incompleteness of how the LGBT community in how GBV is considered as a public policy issue and as a mater of public health.
By Taitu Heron. Written in capacity as a member of Caribbean DAWN.
Framing rape culture: Media coverage of sexual assault in the United States a...Shelley Blundell
Media framing of sexual assault influences public perception of the crime. To date, most media coverage of sexual assault places the victim at the center of his or her victimization, and often implies that the victim was complicit in his/her own victimization. Facts-based, unbiased media coverage has the ability to both change public perception and influence public policy. Media coverage examples from both the United States and South Africa are compared and contrasted to support the latter statement.
The guide is a comprehensive booklet provided to court supporters who assist survivors going through the process of a rape trial.
The Court Support Project was put in place by the Rape Crisis Cape Town Trust in 2007 with the aim of supporting rape survivors so that they take their trials to completion.
Rape survivors often have no prior experience of the court system, are not sure of the processes that will be followed, of who the different role players in court are and, most importantly, what is expected of them when they are called upon to testify.
The court supporter shares all of this information not only with the rape survivor but also any family members that are there to support her or to testify as witnesses in the case.
The booklet forms part of a larger project that includes the training of community based volunteers as court supporters who are then based on site at regional courts.
Rape Crisis offers this service in collaboration with the National Prosecuting Authority and the Department of Social Development and as an adjunct to their three counselling services in Khayelitsha, Observatory and Athlone.
Through the Road to Justice Project Rape Crisis also recruits and trains counsellors based at two Thuthuzela Care Centres in Cape Town seeing in excess of 5 000 rape survivors per year through all of these services combined.
In addition Rape Crisis trains volunteers based at police stations around the province in how to support rape survivors coming to report rapes at their Community Service Centres.
MSUM's 2nd Annual Walk A Mile In Her Shoes® - Rape & Abuse SignsMSUM Dragon Athletics
Walk a Mile in Her Shoes® is a International Men’s March to Stop Rape, Sexual Assault & Gender Violence. This will be the second year the All-American has lead this event. The event is on Sunday, March 25 in the CMU Main Lounge and Ballroom, and all members of the Fargo-Moorhead community are welcomed.
During the walk, women and men together will walk a mile around the campus of MSUM. Men will be given the opportunity to wear high heels to signify putting yourself in her shoes.
Last year’s event was a huge succes and all the Dragon teams had players that participated. Again this year student-athletes will be in attendance for the event, and you really should see a men’s basketball center in six inch heels.
R A P E V I C T I M S A R E A C L A S S O F P E R S O N S O F T E N D...MedicalWhistleblower
Every two minutes, somewhere in America, someone is sexually assaulted. 1, 2 One out of every six American women has been the victim of an attempted or completed rape in her lifetime. 3 Only one in 50 women who have been raped reports the crime to the police.4
Although both women and men may be victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking, women are the victims of the vast majority of these crimes. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, more than 85% of violent victimizations by intimate partners between 1993 and 1998 were perpetrated against women. Women are between 13 and 14 times more likely than men to be raped or sexually assaulted; for instance, in 1994, 93% of sexual assaults were perpetrated against women. Four of five stalking victims are women.
Rape Victims Are A Class Of Persons Often Defined By Gender Medical ...MedicalWhistleblower
Every two minutes, somewhere in America, someone is sexually assaulted. One out of every six American women has been the victim of an attempted or completed rape in her lifetime. Only one in 50 women who have been raped reports the crime to the police.
Although both women and men may be victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking, women are the victims of the vast majority of these crimes. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, more than 85% of violent victimizations by intimate partners between 1993 and 1998 were perpetrated against women. Women are between 13 and 14 times more likely than men to be raped or sexually assaulted; for instance, in 1994, 93% of sexual assaults were perpetrated against women. Four of five stalking victims are women. Data on male victimization do not show that males experience comparable victimizations and injury levels, do not account for women who act in self defense, and do not measure financial control, intimidation, and isolation used by perpetrators of domestic violence against women.
The gender issue is foremost in sexual assault issues, and is usually background in general victimization. The unique cultural bias and shaming that accompanies rape cases needs its own focused opposition. The history of rape law is a history of the law used as a tool to protect rapists, rather than the raped. The anti-rape movement confronts, as it must, the cultural myths that uniquely exist in the context of rape. Manipulation of these myths, along with humiliation and victim blaming, are typical informal defenses to rape charges. Blaming victims in rape cases may be an effective means to secure acquittal. In contrast, blaming a robbery victim is typically ineffective because robbery is unaccompanied by the same pernicious cultural myths. The nature of stigma and abuse in rape cases is profound and unique, a criminal process that mistreats and excludes other types of victims also inflicts secondary victimization.
In 2002, there were 247,730 victims of rape, attempted rape or sexual assault. One out of every six American women have been the victims of an attempted or completed rape in their lifetime (14.8% completed rape; 2.8% attempted rape). A total of 17.7 million women have been victims of these crimes. In 2002, one in every eight rape victims were male. 93% of juvenile sexual assault victims knew their attacker; 34.2% were family members and 58.7% acquaintances. Only seven percent of the perpetrators were strangers to the victim.
One of the most startling aspects of sex crimes is how many go unreported. The most common reasons given by victims for not reporting these crimes are the belief that it is a private or personal matter and that they fear reprisal from the assailant.
• In 2001, only 39% of rapes and sexual assaults were reported to law enforcement officials — about one in every three. [1999 NCVS]
• Approximately 66% of rape victims know their assailant.
• Approximately 48% of victims are raped by a friend or acquaintance; 30% by a stranger; 16% by an intimate; 2% by another relative; and in 4% of cases the relationship is unknown.
• About four out of ten sexual assaults take place at the victim’s own home. More than half of all rape/sexual assault incidents were reported by victims to have occurred within one mile of their home or at their home.
• In one study, 98% of males who raped boys reported that they were heterosexual.
• Rapists are more likely to be serial criminals than serial rapists. In one study, 46% of rapists who were released from prison were rearrested within 3 years of their release for another crime -- 18.6% for a violent offense, 14.8% for a property offense, 11.2% for a drug offense and 20.5% for a public-order offense.
• 61% of rapes/sexual assaults are not reported to the police. Those rapists, of course, never serve a day in prison.
So, even in the 39% of attacks that are reported to police, there is onl
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. Murder
• Homicide is the killing of one person by another.
• Murder is a form of criminal homicide, where the
perpetrator intended to kill the other person,
sometimes with premeditation (a plan to kill).
• Homicides can be criminal, excusable, or
justifiable.
• A criminal homicide is unjustifiable, with
consequences being severe.
3. • The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR)
Program defines murder and nonnegligent
manslaughter as the willful (nonnegligent)
killing of one human being by another.
• The figure of murder do not include suicide,
accidents or justifiable homicides either by
citizens or law enforcement officers.
Murder
4. Murder as self help
• Women who murder tend to be more socially
isolated, and instead of seeking help, they
rationalized violence as a means of escape.
• If the laws/society is not accessible to the
victim, she will resort to her own means to
protect ourselves. (Peterson 1999)
5. Hirschi’s social control theory/ Bond
theory
• Hirschi’s social control theory asserts that ties to
family, school and other aspects of society serve
to diminish one’s propensity for deviant
behaviour.
• As such, social control theory posits that crime
occurs when such bonds are weakened or are not
well established.
• Control theorists argue that without such bonds,
crime is an inevitable outcome (Lilly et al., 1995)
6. • these bonds are based on
• attachment to those both within and outside of
the family.
• ;commitment to activities in which an individual
has invested time and energy, such as educational
or career goals;
• involvement in activities that serve to both
further bond an individual to others
• finally, belief in wider social values. These four
aspects of social control are thought to interact to
insulate an individual from criminal involvement
7. Rape
• In general, rape is defined as the act of having carnal knowledge of a
woman by a man, forcibly and against her will, or without conscious
permission, or where permission has been extorted by force or fear of
immediate harm.
• Stated otherwise, it is the act of unlawful sexual intercourse between
person not married to each other accomplished through the use of fear
and forced by man and implying lack of consent by the woman (legal
dictionary by Gifis,1975)
• Rape is a serious sex crime. It is a traumatic
and life-threatening experience--one that
cannot be easily forgotten.
8. • Not only does it affect the survivor, the pain ripples
through her family, friends, and other significant others
• The memory of being raped and the fear experienced
during and after the occurrence may never completely
diminishes and vanishes.
• With help and over time, however, many survivors are
able to integrate the experience into their lives and
once again take control over their lives.
• Most survivors are able to recover with help but others
remain severely traumatized
9. Forms of rape
1. Gang rape
o which occurs when a survivor is sexually
assaulted by more than one person.
o This type of rape tends to take place where
there are pre-existing male bonds, such as on
athletic teams, in fraternities, and within
military units.
10. • According to a study done in 1991 by Boeringer, Shehan, and
Akers, gang rapes tend to include more alcohol and drug use,
fewer weapons, more night attacks, less survivor resistance,
and more severe psychological outcomes than individual
rapes.
11. 2. Marital rape
o This occurs anytime a spouse is forced to
have sex with his/her spouse when he/she
does not want to and does not give consent
to.
o Survivors of marital rape also tend to be
survivors of verbal and physical abuse from
their spouses.
12. 3. Prison Rape
o This type of rape usually involves male on male forcible contact.
o It is believed that prison rape may occur for several reasons:
a) asserting dominance
b) “proving manhood,“
c) satisfying sexual needs,
d) and exerting power and control over other inmates.
o In most cases the assailant considers himself to be heterosexual
and he may even have a partner outside of prison.
o Unfortunately, most perpetrators are usually not prosecuted for
these offences
13. • Alcohol and drugs are usually significant
factors in date rape situations.
• These substances affect the judgment of both
the rapist and the survivor.
14. Motivations for Rape
• power
o Power rape is motivated by the desire to
control and dominate the survivor.
o Most often the intent in these kind of rapes
are not to injure the survivor, but more to gain
control by using just enough force to get the
survivor to comply with the rapist's wishes.
15. • Anger
o Anger rape is generally very spontaneous, as emotions take
over the rapists and make them do things they normally
would not do if they had a chance to calmly think about it.
• Sadism rape
o Sadistic rapes are usually preplanned and have a history of
being the most brutal rapes that use tactics such as torture,
bondage, and sexual abuse involved.
o This is the least common type of rape, which is fortunate
because it is the most gruesome, with the rapist getting
pleasure from hurting and degrading the survivor.
16. • Finally, there is rape as a means of sexual
gratification.
o Most acquaintance rapes and date rapes fall
into this category where only enough force is
used to compel the survivor to comply.
o Violence only occurs if the survivor offers
resistance of some sort. This is the most
common type of rape.
17. Rape in the Philippines
• In Republic Act No. 8353 also known as The Anti-Rape Law
of 1997 has defined rape as follows:
• By a man who shall have carnal knowledge of a woman
under any of the following circumstances:
"a) Through force, threat, or intimidation;
"b) When the offended party is deprived of reason or
otherwise unconscious;
"c) By means of fraudulent machination or grave abuse of
authority; and
"d) When the offended party is under twelve (12) years of age
or is demented, even though none of the circumstances
mentioned above be present.
• The penalty shall be reclusion perpetua to death.
18. • Killing one's father-patricide
• Killing one's mother-matricide
• Killing one's parent(s)-parenticide
• Killing one's brother-fratricide
• Killing one's sister-sororicide
• Killing one's husband-mariticide,viricide
• Killing one's wife-uxoricide
• Killing one's son or daughter-filicide, prolicide
• Killing a close relative- parricide
• The act of a parent killing his or her son or daughter. ("filius" being Latin
for son-Filicide
• The act of killing a fetus in the uterus or causing an abortion-Feticide (or
foeticide)
• The act of killing a child within the first year of its life.- infanticide The
killing of one's mother or father or other close relative.- Parricide – (also
Parenticide)
• The systematic extermination of an entire national, racial, religious, or
ethnic group.- Genocide
19. Theft
• the generic term for all crimes in which a person intentio
nally and fraudulently takes personal property of another
without permission orconsent and with the intent to conv
ert it to the taker's use (including potential sale).
• . Theft is often defined as the unauthorized taking of property
from another with the intent to permanently deprive them of
it. Within this definition lie two key elements:
• 1) a taking of someone else's property; and
• 2) the requisite intent to deprive the victim of the property
permanently.
20. Types of Theft
• Petty Theft
Petty or "petit" thefts typically occur when someone steals
property below a certain value specified by law.
• Grand Theft
Grand theft, on the other hand, occurs when property is stolen
that is worth more than the limit for petty theft.