Hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime)[1] is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their membership (or perceived membership) of a certain social group or racial demographic. Examples of such groups can include, and are almost exclusively limited to ethnicity, disability, language, nationality, physical appearance, religion, gender identity or sexual orientation.[2][3][4] Non-criminal actions that are motivated by these reasons are often called "bias incidents". "Hate crime" generally refers to criminal acts which are seen to have been motivated by bias against one or more of the social groups listed above, or by bias against their derivatives. Incidents may involve physical assault, homicide, damage to property, bullying, harassment, verbal abuse (which includes slurs) or insults, mate crime or offensive graffiti or letters (hate mail).[5] A hate crime law is a law intended to deter bias-motivated violence.[6] Hate crime laws are distinct from laws against hate speech: hate crime laws enhance the penalties associated with conduct which is already criminal under other laws, while hate speech laws criminalize a category of speech. This ppt will help u in understanding hate crimes

2. WHAT IS HATE CRIME?
• CRIMINAL ACTS WHICH ARE MOTIVATED BY BIAS AGAINST AN INDIVIDUAL OR
SOCIAL GROUP
• ENCOMPASSES SPEECH THAT IS INSULTING, DEROGATORY OR INCITES AND
• DEFINED AS AN ATTACK ON A PERSON’S RIGHTS ENTRUSTED TO HIM THEREBY
ONLY HIM BUT THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE AS A WHOLE
• MOST COMMON GROUNDS OF HATE SPEECH ARE RACE, ETHNICITY, RELIGION OR

3. HATE CRIMES IN INDIA
• DEFINED IN TERMS OF THE HARM DONE TO A COMMUNITY AT LARGE
• N INDIA, HATE SPEECH IS PROHIBITED WHICH IS BASED UPON RELIGION, ETHNICITY, CULTURE
OR RACE.

4. FACTS……….

5. • IN 2018/19, THERE WERE 103,379 HATE CRIMES RECORDED BY THE POLICE IN
ENGLAND AND WALES, AN INCREASE OF 10% COMPARED WITH 2017/18 (94,121
OFFENCES).
• THE MAJORITY OF HATE CRIMES WERE RACE HATE CRIMES, ACCOUNTING FOR
AROUND THREE-QUARTERS OF OFFENCES (76%; 78,991 OFFENCES). THESE INCREASED
BY 11%
• BETWEEN 2017/18 AND 2018/19.
• SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES INCREASED BY 25 % (TO 14,491 OFFENCES).
• RELIGIOUS HATE CRIMES INCREASED BY 3% (TO 8,566 OFFENCES).
• DISABILITY HATE CRIMES INCREASED BY 14 % (TO 8,256 OFFENCES).
• FINALLY, TRANSGENDER IDENTITY HATE CRIMES INCREASED BY 37% (TO 2,333
OFFENCES).

6. CAUSES
• A BIAS AGAINST THE ANY GROUP DUE TO HISTORICAL OR SOCIAL REASONS
• HATE CRIMES MAY BE THE PRODUCT OF OUR SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS.
• MISGUIDANCE OF YOUTH
• HATE CRIME AGAINST A NATION’S CITIZENS.
• ACT OF REVENGE.
• INFLUENCED BY PERCEPTION THAT CERTAIN GROUPS POSE A THREAT TO THEM.

7. TYPES OF HATE CRIMES…..

12. INDIAN LAWS AGAINST HATE CRIMES
• THOUGH THE TERM IS NOWHERE MENTIONED IN ANY STATUTE, ITS DIFFERENT FORMS ARE
IDENTIFIED ACROSS THE LAWS.
• THE IPC UNDER SECTIONS 153A, 153B, 295A, 298, 505(1) AND 505(2)25 DECLARES THAT WORD,
SPOKEN OR WRITTEN, THAT PROMOTES DISHARMONY, HATRED, OR INSULTS ON BASIS OF RELIGION,
ETHNICITY, CULTURE, LANGUAGE, REGION, CASTE, COMMUNITY, RACE ETC., IS PUNISHABLE UNDER
LAW.
• SOME OTHER LAWS WHICH CONTAIN PROVISIONS CONCERNING HATE SPEECH AND ITS PREVENTION
ARE:
• THE REPRESENTATION OF PEOPLE ACT, 1951.
• INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT 2000.
• UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES (PREVENTION) ACT, 1967.

14. LYNCHING AND MOB VIOLENCE
•TEHSEEN S.POONAWALA V. UNION OF INDIA

17. PROVISIONS RELATED TO MOB LYNCHING
• AS OF NOW, THERE ARE NO LAWS AGAINST LYNCHING IN INDIA, HOWEVER, PROVISIONS
IN VARIOUS STATUTES HANDLE MATTERS RELATED TO LYNCHING AND MOB VIOLENCE,
LIKE UNDER SECTION 223(A) OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE, 1973 A PERSON CAN BE
CHARGED FOR AN ACT OF GROUP ATTACK ON SOME OTHER PERSON. SIMILARLY,
PROVISIONS UNDER IPC SUCH AS SECTION 302, SECTION 304, SECTION 307, SECTION 323,
SECTION 325 AND THE LIKE DEALS WITH THE CASES OF HATE CRIMES INDIRECTLY.
LYNCHING MOSTLY INCLUDE ATTACKS WHICH RESULT IN MURDER OR ATTEMPT TO
MURDER, HARASSMENT, ASSAULT, GANG-RAPE ETC, THIS IS WHY THE AFOREMENTIONED
PROVISIONS OF IPC COULD BE USED IN CASES OF LYNCHING AND MOB VIOLENCE.

18. HOW TO REPORT A HATE CRIME?
• A TOLL-FREE NUMBER 1800-3133-600-00, NAMED HELPLINE AGAINST HATE, WAS LAUNCHED BY UNITED
AGAINST HATE, A COLLECTIVE OF EMINENT CITIZENS CAMPAIGNING FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND PEACE
• IF YOU’VE EXPERIENCED A HATE INCIDENT OR CRIME YOU CAN REPORT IT TO THE POLICE. YOU CAN ALSO
REPORT A HATE INCIDENT OR CRIME EVEN IF IT WASN’T DIRECTED AT YOU. FOR EXAMPLE, YOU COULD BE A
FRIEND, NEIGHBOUR, FAMILY MEMBER, SUPPORT WORKER OR SIMPLY A PASSER-BY.
• WHEN REPORTING THE INCIDENT OR CRIME YOU SHOULD SAY WHETHER YOU THINK IT WAS BECAUSE OF
DISABILITY, RACE, RELIGION, TRANSGENDER IDENTITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR A COMBINATION OF THESE
THINGS. THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT MAKES SURE THE POLICE RECORD IT AS A HATE INCIDENT OR
CRIME.

19. WAY FORWARD…..
• AWARENESS OF THE PROBLEM
• YOUTH ENVOLVEMENT AND COUNSELLING
• LAW ENFORCEMET AND PRIROTIZING HATE CRIMES
• TRAINING FOR OFFICERS AND DEPUTIES
• CREAT A SPECIAL TASK FORCE ON HATE CRIMES

20. “
”
“DON’T HATE WHAT YOU DON’T
UNDERSTAND.”
– JOHN LENNON
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION…..