Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that exists in different forms including phylloquinone, menaquinone, and menadione. It plays an important role in blood clotting by acting as a coenzyme for the synthesis of proteins involved in coagulation. Vitamin K is also essential for bone health by facilitating the carboxylation of osteocalcin, a protein involved in bone mineralization. Good dietary sources include green leafy vegetables for phylloquinone and intestinal bacteria for menaquinone. A deficiency can result in bleeding disorders due to impaired blood clotting.

1. Government Holkar (Model Autonomous)
Science College, Indore (M.P.)
(NAAC Accredited "A" Grade College)
Established : 1891
Department of Microbiology
Topic :- Fat Soluble Vitamin K
Guided by :-
Dr. Neetu Mam
Presented By :-
ManDakni Singh
Msc 1st sem

2. Vitamin
Vitamin K
Summary
Types of vitamin k
Sources of Vitamin K
Functions of Vitamin K
Functions of Vitamin K in BLOOD
Functions of Vitamin K in BONE
Absorption, Transportation and Storage
Metabolism
RDA
Symptoms of Vitamin K Deficiency
Reference
INDEX

3. Vitamins are one of several substance that are found in
certain type of food and that are improving for growth
and good health They are required for normal cell
function growth and development These micronutrients
are not produced in our bodies and must be derived from
food we eat vitamins are organic substance
Classification of vitamins In humans there are
13 vitamins 4 fat soluble ( A D E and K ) and 9 water
soluble ( 8B vitamins and vitamin C )
Vitamin

4. Vitamin k is a group of lipophilic and hydrophobic vitamins.
Fat soluble compound necessary for the synthesis of
several proteins required for blood clotting.
(“K” is derived from the German word “koagulation”)
Vitamin K

5.  Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin.
 Phylloquinone, Menaquinone and Menadione are the members of
vitamin K family.
 Plays an important role in blood clotting, bone formation and
prevention of calcification of soft tissues.
 Deficiency of vitamin K is manifested in the form of bleeding
tendencies and hemorrhages.
 Oral or injectable vitamin K can be recommended depending upon
the severity of the disease.
Summary

6. Types of vitamin k

7.  Intestinal bacterial synthesis meets the daily
requirement of vitamin K even without dietary
supplement.
Sources of Vitamin K
Phylloquinone: Green leafy vegetables.
Menaquinone: Intestinal bacteria.
Menadione: synthetic form vegetable oil.

8.  Coenzyme for the synthesis of prothrombinand
bloodclottingfactors in the liver.
 Prothrombin andclotting factorsare proteinin nature.
 Matureprothrombin and clottingfactors contain
g-carboxyglutamate aftercarboxylationreaction.
 VitaminK is essential forthe carboxylase enzymeinvolved.
 Dihydroquinoneformof vitaminK is essentialfor this reaction.
Functions of Vitamin K

9.  It is necessary for coagulation.
 They all are synthesized as inactive.
 zymogen form in the liver.
 Gamma carboxylation of glutamic
acid residues.
 These are the binding sites for calcium ions.
 Vitamin K is required for proper bone health.
 Vitamin K is also required for the carboxylation
of glutamic acid residues of osteocalcin,
a Ca2+ binding protein present in bone.
 Functions of Vitamin K in BONE
 Functions of Vitamin K in BLOOD

10.  Absorptiontakesplace insmall intestinein the
presenceof bile salts.
 The transportationfrom intestine iscarriedout
throughchylomicrons.
 Storageoccurs in liver andfrom liver
transportationto peripheralcells is carriedout
boundwithbeta lipoproteins (VLDL).
Absorption, Transportation
and Storage

11.  Two classes of compounds, phylloquinone (K1) and
menaquinones (K2), are primarily responsible for
vitamin K activity.
 vitamin K is transformed from the hydroquinone
form (KH2) to the epoxide form (KO), releasing the
amount of energy required to generate the
carboxylation reaction
 Metabolism

12. Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Iron
Age Males (mg/day) Females (mg/day)
0-6 months 0.27 0.27
7-12 months 11 11
1-3 years 7 7
4-8 years 10 10
9-13 years 8 8
14-18 years 11 15
19-50 years 8 18
51 years and older 8 8
All ages 27 27

13.  Bruising from bleeding into the skin.
 Nosebleeds.
 Bleeding gums.
 Bleeding in stomach.
 Blood in urine.
 Blood in stool.
 Tarry black stool.
 Extremely heavy menstrual bleeding.
Symptoms of Vitamin K Deficiency

14. Reference:-
1. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vitamin.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/vitamin.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/219867
 https://https//fullscript.com/blog/vitamin-k/fullscript.com/blog/vitamin-k
 2. Book Biochemistry: Third Edition David Hames & Nigel Hooper.