1. The document discusses various cell types and organelles. It provides examples of unicellular organisms like bacteria and describes organelles that would be visible under an electron microscope like mitochondria and ribosomes. 2. Questions are asked about how different cell types are suited to their functions. For example, cheek epithelial cells are flat and irregularly shaped to form a protective layer in the mouth. 3. The roles of cell structures like rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are defined. Xylem tissue and its role in water transport and support is also discussed.

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2. •What is aWhat is a
unicellularunicellular
organism andorganism and
give twogive two
examples?examples?

3. • An organism whichAn organism which
consists of one cellconsists of one cell
only.only.
• PleurococcusPleurococcus
• BacteriaBacteria
• ParameciumParamecium
• AmoebaAmoeba
• EuglenaEuglena

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5. •What organellesWhat organelles
in an animal cellin an animal cell
would be shownwould be shown
by an electronby an electron
microscope?microscope?

6. • NucleusNucleus
• NucleolusNucleolus
• MitochondrionMitochondrion
• Smooth ERSmooth ER
• Rough ERRough ER
• RibosomesRibosomes
• CentriolesCentrioles
• LysosomeLysosome
• Golgi bodyGolgi body
• Golgi vesiclesGolgi vesicles

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8. •How are cheekHow are cheek
epithelial cellsepithelial cells
suited to theirsuited to their
function?function?

9. • They have a flatThey have a flat
irregular shape whichirregular shape which
forms a loose layerforms a loose layer
which is easilywhich is easily
replaced during wearreplaced during wear
and tear, thusand tear, thus
protecting the mouthprotecting the mouth
lininglining

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11. •What are the rolesWhat are the roles
of the roughof the rough
endoplasmicendoplasmic
reticulum and thereticulum and the
smooth endoplasmicsmooth endoplasmic
reticulum?reticulum?

12. •Rough = SynthesisRough = Synthesis
and transport ofand transport of
proteins for exportproteins for export
•Smooth = SynthesisSmooth = Synthesis
and transport ofand transport of
lipidslipids

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14. •What is theWhat is the
role of therole of the
mitochondrion?mitochondrion?

15. • Produces ATPProduces ATP
by aerobicby aerobic
respirationrespiration

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17. ●● What two typesWhat two types
of cell are presentof cell are present
in the humanin the human
windpipe andwindpipe and
Explain how theseExplain how these
cells are suited tocells are suited to
their functiontheir function

18. • Ciliated columnarCiliated columnar
epithelial cell = Cilia beatepithelial cell = Cilia beat
upwards to sweep mucusupwards to sweep mucus
away from lungsaway from lungs
• Goblet cell = ProducesGoblet cell = Produces
mucus to trap germs andmucus to trap germs and
dirtdirt

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20. •What is the cellWhat is the cell
wall composed of,wall composed of,
and how does itsand how does its
structure suit itsstructure suit its
function?function?

21. •Cellulose= TheCellulose= The
fibrous arrangementfibrous arrangement
makes the cell wallmakes the cell wall
strong but alsostrong but also
slightly elasticslightly elastic

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23. •State the twoState the two
functions of xylemfunctions of xylem
tissue and explaintissue and explain
how the two cellhow the two cell
types are suited totypes are suited to
these functionsthese functions

24. • Water Transport and SupportWater Transport and Support
• Vessel = Hollow tube to allowVessel = Hollow tube to allow
transport and strengthenedtransport and strengthened
with lignin for supportwith lignin for support
• Tracheid = Lignified walls forTracheid = Lignified walls for
supportsupport

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26. •Describe theDescribe the
permeabilitypermeability
of the cellof the cell
wallwall

27. •FreelyFreely
permeablepermeable

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29. •Name fourName four
functions of thefunctions of the
proteins in theproteins in the
plasmaplasma
membranemembrane

30. • SupportSupport
• Transport (through channels)Transport (through channels)
• Transport (as carriers toTransport (as carriers to
actively pump molecules)actively pump molecules)
• EnzymesEnzymes
• Antigenic markersAntigenic markers
• Receptors for hormonesReceptors for hormones

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32. •What are theWhat are the
roles of theroles of the
golgi body andgolgi body and
golgi vesicles?golgi vesicles?

33. •Golgi body =Golgi body =
Packages complexPackages complex
moleculesmolecules
•Golgi vesicles =Golgi vesicles =
Encloses andEncloses and
transports moleculestransports molecules

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35. •What are theWhat are the
two maintwo main
components ofcomponents of
the plasmathe plasma
membrane?membrane?

36. •ProteinsProteins
•PhospholipidsPhospholipids

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38. •What doesWhat does
hydrophilic meanhydrophilic mean
and which elementand which element
of a phospholipidof a phospholipid
can be describedcan be described
as this?as this?

39. •Hydrophilic =Hydrophilic =
‘Water loving’‘Water loving’
•The phosphate headThe phosphate head
is hydrophilicis hydrophilic

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41. •What are the twoWhat are the two
main cell typesmain cell types
present in bloodpresent in blood
and how does theirand how does their
structure suitstructure suit
their functions?their functions?

42. • Red blood cells = BiconcaveRed blood cells = Biconcave
shape allows a large surfaceshape allows a large surface
area for better uptake ofarea for better uptake of
oxygen for transportoxygen for transport
• White blood cells = Some canWhite blood cells = Some can
change shape and containchange shape and contain
microbe digesting enzymes tomicrobe digesting enzymes to
kill any invading pathogenskill any invading pathogens

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44. •Why canWhy can EuglenaEuglena
not be classifiednot be classified
as either a plantas either a plant
or animal?or animal?

45. • Has plant and animalHas plant and animal
characteristics.characteristics.
• No cellulose cell wall andNo cellulose cell wall and
ingests food byingests food by
phagocytosisphagocytosis
• Also contains chloroplastsAlso contains chloroplasts
and can photosynthesiseand can photosynthesise

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47. •What doesWhat does
hydrophobic meanhydrophobic mean
and which elementand which element
of a phospholipidof a phospholipid
can be describedcan be described
as this?as this?

48. •Hydrophobic =Hydrophobic =
‘Water hating’‘Water hating’
•The lipid tails areThe lipid tails are
hydrophobichydrophobic

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