Incubation is the act of bringing an egg to hatching. It refers to the process by which certain oviparous ( egg-laying) animals (birds) hatch their egg. It also refers to the development of an embryo within the egg under favourable environmental condition. Incubating chicken eggs is a 21- days process and demands favourable conditions of principal affecting factors like temperature, humidity etc., Incubation may be of two different types: 1. Natural Incubation 2. Artificial Incubation
Poultry housing and equipment are needed for comfort, protection and efficient production. Housing is an important non-recurring capital investment in poultry farming. Hence economy must be kept in mind while providing housing
Incubation is the act of bringing an egg to hatching. It refers to the process by which certain oviparous ( egg-laying) animals (birds) hatch their egg. It also refers to the development of an embryo within the egg under favourable environmental condition. Incubating chicken eggs is a 21- days process and demands favourable conditions of principal affecting factors like temperature, humidity etc., Incubation may be of two different types: 1. Natural Incubation 2. Artificial Incubation
Poultry housing and equipment are needed for comfort, protection and efficient production. Housing is an important non-recurring capital investment in poultry farming. Hence economy must be kept in mind while providing housing
Sheep and goats housing management It is a system in which sheep goats are continuously kept under housing in confinement with limited access in which they are stall-fed. It implies a system where goats are not left to fend for themselves with only minimum care.
To know about need of housing for poultry production
Different types of poultry houses
Location and layout of poultry houses
Floor space requirement
Different systems of rearing with relative advantage and disadvantages
Cage system
ECH
Sheep and goats housing management It is a system in which sheep goats are continuously kept under housing in confinement with limited access in which they are stall-fed. It implies a system where goats are not left to fend for themselves with only minimum care.
To know about need of housing for poultry production
Different types of poultry houses
Location and layout of poultry houses
Floor space requirement
Different systems of rearing with relative advantage and disadvantages
Cage system
ECH
Poultry housing management and shelter ManagementKabul University
This system involves rearing of poultry on raised wire netting floor in smaller compartments, called cages, either fitted with stands on the floor of the house or hanged from the roof. It has been proved very efficient for laying operations, right from day-old to till disposal.
Poultry production systems refer to the different ways that poultry (chickens, turkeys, ducks, etc.) are raised and managed for their meat, eggs, or both. The two primary poultry production systems are conventional and alternative systems.
Conventional poultry production systems involve raising large numbers of birds in indoor confinement with controlled environments, such as temperature, ventilation, and lighting. The birds are often kept in cages or on the floor, and their feed, water, and lighting are controlled. This system aims to maximize production efficiency and minimize costs.
Alternative poultry production systems, on the other hand, aim to provide a more natural and humane environment for the birds. These systems can include free-range, organic, or pasture-based systems, where the birds have access to the outdoors and are allowed to exhibit natural behaviors, such as foraging for food. These systems often require more labor and management compared to conventional systems, but they can provide benefits such as improved animal welfare and enhanced product quality.
Poultry production systems can also vary depending on the purpose of production, such as meat, eggs, or breeding. For example, meat birds are typically raised in a broiler production system, while laying hens are raised in a layer production system. Breeder birds, which are used for producing eggs for hatching and raising the next generation of birds, are raised in a breeder production system.
Overall, the type of poultry production system used depends on various factors, such as production goals, market demands, and available resources.
So many different types of broiler sheds in the world. this presentation has common broiler houses.
Why housing is important?
Success of broiler farming Proper management
Assuring right type of poultry house suited to climate or more specifically physical environment,
- Optimum production
- Control of diseases
Objectives of Housing
Provide comfort for the birds.
Provide protection from extreme weather conditions and predators.
Facilitate convenient management.
To provide suitable environment conditions.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2. IMPORTANCE OF HOUSING
1. COMFERT AND PROTECTION.
2. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT IN A CONTROLLED MANNER.
3. REDUCE THE TOTAL COST OF PRODUCTION.
4. INCREASE STOCKING DENSITY
5. MAXIMIZING FLOCK PERFORMANCE.
6. ENSURING BETTER HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE.
7. PROPER MICRO CLIMATIC CONDITIONS.
8. OPTIMUM AND UNIFORM GROWTH RATE
3. DIFFERENT TYPE OF POULTRY HOUSES
• BROODER/CHICK HOUSE -
• It is used to brood and egg-type chicks
From 0 to 8 week of age.
• house should be dust-free, rain-proof and
protected against predators.
4. Grower house –
It is used to grow layer type bird from 8 to 18 week of age.
Layer house -
In which birds over 18 weeks of age are reared, usually up to 72 weeks of age.
Broiler house -
In which broilers are reared up to 6 weeks of age.
6. Size of house :-
Each broiler require one square feet of floor space while a layer requires two
square feet of floor space under deep-litter system of rearing. So the size of the
house depends on the number of birds to be reared.
Height of house :-
The height of the sides from foundation to the roof line should be 6 to 7
feet and at the centre 10 to 12 feet.
Lighting in house :-
Light should be provided at 7-8 feet above the ground level and must be
hanged from ceiling. If bulbs are used, the interval between two bulbs is 10
feet. In case of tube lights the interval is 15 feet.
7. SYSTEM OF POULTRY HOUSING
Housing system is based on following factors -
1. Availability of land
2. Cost of land
3. Type of farming activity
4. Climatic condition
5. Labour availability
8. Poultry housing systems are classified
into three systems:-
1.Free range or extensive system
2.Semi-intensive system
3.Intensive system
1. Deep-litter system
2. Cage system
9. 1. FREE RANGE OR EXTENSIVE SYSTEM
• Oldest systems and adopt only when adequate land is available
• Stocking density - 300 to 400 Birds per hectare.
• Foraging is the major source of feeding for birds.
• This system is most preferred for organic egg production.
• At present almost outdated.
10. 2. SEMI-INTENSIVE SYSTEM
• Commonly used by small
scale produces.
• Birds are half way reared
in house and half way
reared in ground.
• Stocking density – 750
birds Per hectare.
11. 3. INTENSIVE HOUSING SYSTEM
• Birds are totally reared in
houses.
• Minimum land is required for
farming.
• It is the most efficient,
convenient and economical
system for modern poultry
production with huge numbers.
12. A. DEEP LITTER SYSTEM
• Poultry birds are kept in
large pen on floor, mainly
for broilars.
• Floor is coverd with litters,
such as straw, saw dust, or
leaves up to depth of 3 to 5
inches.
• Birds density – 5 to 7 birds
per square meter.
13. • Easy access to feed, water, egg
collection, provide good
protection.
• The litter manure is a useful
fertilizer.
Disadvantage :-
• Recured high quality litter.
• High chance of litter born and
respiratory diseases.
• The cost of litter is an additional
expenditure on production cost.
14. 2. CASE SYSTEM
• This system involves
rearing of poultry on wire
netting floor in smaller
compartments, called
cages, either fitted with
floor or hanged from the
roof.
• At present, 75% of
commercial layers in the
world are kept in cages.
15. Advantages :-
• Minimum floor space is needed.
• Less feed wastage.
• Better feed efficiency.
• Protection from internal parasites
and soil borne disease.
• Sick and unproductive birds can be
easily identified and eliminated.
• Clean eggs production.
• No need of littermaterial.
• Artificialll Insemination (AI) can be
adopted.
16. Disadvantages :-
• High initial investment cost.
• Handling of manure may be
problem. Generally, flies
become a greater nuisance.
17. TYPES OF CAGES
• Single or individual bird cage (Only
one bird in a cage).
• Multiple bird cage (From 2 to 10
birds, usually 3 or 4 birds per cage)
• Colony cages ( more than 11 birds
per cage)