Potassium cycle
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Potassium is an essential mineral that regulates important bodily functions in humans and plays a key role in plant growth and photosynthesis. It is obtained through foods like fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and meat or through fertilizers and soil. In plants, potassium is necessary for carbohydrate metabolism, enzyme activation, osmotic regulation, and protein synthesis. It is also essential for photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation in legumes. The potassium cycle involves potassium moving between soil, plants, animals and decomposing matter through processes like leaching, runoff, erosion and existing in soil solution.
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(2) It explains that acids are compounds that dissociate in water to release hydrogen ions, while bases can combine with hydrogen ions. Buffers help resist changes in pH.
(3) Mineral salts have various functions in organisms including forming tissues, acting as enzyme components, maintaining water balance and electrical gradients across cell membranes.
Vit d
This document discusses vitamin D in animals. It covers the chemical structure of vitamin D, how it is metabolized in the body through conversion in the liver and kidneys, its functions related to calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, and its roles in the intestines, bones and kidneys. The document also addresses requirements, natural sources, signs of deficiency such as rickets, and supplementation and toxicity concerns.
Biological active Alkaline earth metal ions
Calcium, magnesium, and strontium play important biological roles. Calcium is critical for bone and tooth formation and also acts as a messenger for muscle contraction and other processes. The primary dietary source of calcium is milk. Magnesium is required as a cofactor for many enzyme reactions and is important for chlorophyll function in plants. Strontium can substitute for calcium in bones. Barium, beryllium, radium, and barium have no known biological roles and some like beryllium and radium are toxic.
Drugs affecting ca++ regulation
This powerpoint presentation imparts some knowledge about drugs that affects the calcium regulation,bone related information.
Metabolic bone disease
BONE METABOLISM AND SOME METABOLIC BONE DISEASES
This document discusses normal bone structure, calcium and phosphate metabolism, and common disorders of bone metabolism. It describes the types of bone tissue, bone composition, cells involved, and factors regulating bone turnover such as hormones, local signals, and mechanical stresses. Calcium has many important biological functions and homeostasis is maintained through systems involving the intestines, kidneys, bones, and hormones like PTH and vitamin D. Certain diseases can disrupt this balance and affect bone mineralization.
Bv300
The document outlines the nutritional requirements of BV-300, including requirements for energy, proteins, vitamins, and minerals at different growth phases. It provides details on the classification and functions of proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Deficiency symptoms for each nutrient are also described. Tables list the recommended nutrient levels for chick mash, grower mash, and various layer phases. Formulas for commercial layer feeds at different growth phases are given along with their ingredient costs.
MINERAL NUTRITION CHAPTER 12 OF CLASS 11
This is a power point presentation made by me "JIGYASA SHARMA" . It has whole content included in NCERT as well as some other topics too which are not a part of NCERT (very little part) .
Vitamin D and its clinical applications
A comprehensive presentation on Vitamin D and its clinical applications for MBBS ,BDS ,BPharm and Biotechnology students for self- study.
Calcium and phosphate metabolism
This document discusses calcium and phosphate metabolism. It provides information on:
1. Calcium and phosphate are important minerals that are required for bone formation and strength. Their absorption is regulated by hormones including vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin.
2. Vitamin D helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels by increasing their absorption in the intestine and reabsorption in the kidneys. Parathyroid hormone also increases calcium levels by stimulating vitamin D and calcium reabsorption. Calcitonin decreases calcium levels by acting on bones and kidneys.
3. Other factors like diet, pregnancy, and growth can also influence calcium and phosphate absorption in the body. A balanced ratio of calcium to phosphate
Vitamin K.pptx
Vitamin K was discovered in 1929 when researchers observed that chickens fed a diet lacking a specific fat experienced bleeding issues. It plays a key role in blood clotting as a cofactor in the production of clotting factors. Vitamin K exists in different forms and comes from plant and animal sources. It is involved in the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in proteins essential for blood clotting and bone health like osteocalcin. Deficiency can result in bleeding issues but is rare due to dietary sources and intestinal bacteria synthesis.
potas fertilizer
Potassium is an essential nutrient for plants that is commonly added to soils through fertilizer. Potassium regulates water flow in plants, activates enzymes, and helps with protein and starch synthesis. Common potassium fertilizers include potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and potassium nitrate. Potassium chloride is the most widely used due to its low cost, though it can harm sensitive plants. Proper potassium levels in soil support plant growth and development and prevent leaf damage.
MICRO AND MACRO NUTRITION IN PLANT
This document discusses plant nutrients and their roles in plant growth. It outlines 16 essential nutrients for normal plant growth including macro and micronutrients. Macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are needed in large amounts and are critical for plant growth, development, and metabolic processes. Micronutrients such as boron, copper, iron, and zinc are required in smaller quantities but are still important for plant growth. The document provides details on the functions, deficiency symptoms, and toxicity levels of some of the major nutrients.
Minerals Metabolism
This document discusses minerals and their functions in the human body. It covers major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and others. Calcium is the most abundant mineral and is essential for building bones and teeth, muscle contraction, nerve conduction, blood coagulation, and hormone secretion. Phosphorus also builds bones and teeth and is important for energy metabolism and acid-base balance. Magnesium is a co-factor for many enzymes and influences neuromuscular function and hormone secretion. Minerals are necessary for structure, function, and metabolism in the body.
Final chelated mineral
This document discusses minerals and their classification as major, trace, organic, or inorganic. It describes how minerals can be chelated to amino acids to form organic complexes that have greater absorption and bioavailability compared to inorganic minerals. The document provides examples of studies that demonstrate improved production outcomes, such as higher milk yield and quality, when animals are supplemented with organic chelated minerals rather than inorganic minerals.
Potassium
Potassium is an essential mineral that was discovered in 1807. It is found in many foods like bananas, potatoes, and salmon. Potassium absorption occurs passively in the small intestine and is transported into cells via pumps. It helps regulate fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signals. Most potassium is stored inside cells and excess is excreted in urine. Deficiency can cause symptoms like fatigue and leg cramps, while toxicity from too many supplements can impact the heart. The recommended daily intake is 1100-3750 mg depending on age and sex.
IGCSE CIE Nutrition Biology PowerPoint Presentation
Embark on a journey through the intricate realm of nutrition with our meticulously crafted PowerPoint presentation. Delve deep into the core concepts outlined in the International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) Cambridge International Examinations (CIE) Biology syllabus. Designed to elucidate the fundamental principles and mechanisms governing nutrition, this presentation serves as an invaluable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike.
Our presentation meticulously dissects each component of the nutrition section of the IGCSE CIE Biology syllabus, offering a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between organisms and their nutritional requirements. Through vivid illustrations, concise explanations, and engaging content, we navigate through the multifaceted world of nutrients, exploring their roles, sources, and significance in sustaining life processes.
From the basics of macronutrients and micronutrients to the intricate mechanisms of digestion, absorption, and assimilation, every aspect of nutritional biology is meticulously elucidated. We unravel the mysteries of energy transfer within biological systems, shedding light on the metabolic pathways that drive cellular functions and sustain organismal growth and development.
Moreover, our presentation extends beyond mere theoretical knowledge, incorporating practical applications and real-life examples to foster a deeper understanding of nutritional biology. Through interactive quizzes, case studies, and hands-on activities, learners are challenged to apply their knowledge in solving real-world nutritional dilemmas, thereby enhancing their critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Furthermore, we address contemporary issues surrounding nutrition, such as dietary imbalances, nutritional disorders, and the impact of lifestyle choices on overall health and well-being. By exploring the latest research findings and global initiatives in the field of nutrition, we empower learners to become informed advocates for healthy living and sustainable food practices.
In essence, our PowerPoint presentation serves as a comprehensive guide to navigating the intricacies of the nutrition section of the IGCSE CIE Biology syllabus. Whether you're a student aiming to ace your exams, an educator seeking to enrich your teaching resources, or an enthusiast eager to delve into the fascinating world of nutritional biology, this presentation is your ultimate companion in unraveling the mysteries of nutrition and its profound impact on life processes.
CALCIUM IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM
Calcium is an essential nutrient required for healthy growth, development, and survival. It is widely distributed in foods like milk, cheese, beans, and nuts. The daily requirement is approximately 1000mg and varies by age. Calcium plays important structural and physiological roles, with 99% stored in bones and teeth. It is also involved in muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting. Diseases associated with calcium deficiencies or imbalances include hyperparathyroidism, rickets, and osteoporosis.
Minerals
This document discusses minerals and their functions in the human body. It begins by defining minerals as inorganic elements essential for human nutrition and health. Minerals are categorized as either major minerals, which are needed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day, or trace minerals, which are needed in smaller amounts. The document then examines the specific roles and food sources of various major minerals like calcium, sodium, potassium, and chloride, as well as trace minerals like iron, zinc, and iodine. It explores how the body maintains mineral balance and the key functions minerals serve, such as in fluid balance, blood formation, bone health, and cellular processes.
Vitamins in animals
The document discusses vitamins, specifically fat soluble vitamins. It provides definitions of vitamins and details the history of vitamin A discovery. Vitamin A, also known as retinol, is derived from carotenoids in plants and is essential for vision, epithelial cell maintenance, and bone development. The document outlines the digestion, absorption, transport, storage and excretion of vitamin A as well as requirements for different animal classes.
Calciummetabolism 150129022239-conversion-gate01-converted-converted
This document discusses calcium metabolism. It begins by noting the importance of calcium and its distribution in the body, primarily in bones and teeth. It then discusses the daily calcium requirement, sources of calcium including dairy products, and how calcium is absorbed and excreted. The concept of calcium homeostasis maintained by hormones like vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin is also explained. The document provides an overview of calcium metabolism and its relevance for orthodontics in manipulating bone during treatment.
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Potassium cycle
- 1. POTASSIUM CYCLE Group 5
- 2. Whatis potassium? Elementwith the symbol K. (from the word ‘kalium’) An alkali metal. wasdiscovered by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
- 3. What are its importances? For humans - regulatesheartfunction - reducesblood pressure - muscle growth - maintainproperfunctioning of cells and tissues. - important role in kidneyfunction.
- 4. What are its importances? For plants - POTASSIUM isnecessary to many plant functionssuch as: a) carbohydratesmetabolism b) enzyme activation c) osmoticregulation d) proteinsynthesis - ESSENTIAL for PHOTOSYNTHESIS. - for NITROGEN FIXATION OF LEGUMES. - important in helping plants adapt in theirenvironment (e.g. better resistance to fungal diseases and insect pests)
- 5. where can we get potassium?
- 9. And PLANT CROPS such as…
- 11. Wecouldget K from… IEL
- 14. Definition of terms Leaching: Where the amount of potassium added to the soil in fertilisers or manures exceeeds the exchange capacity of the soil, potassium can be lost by leaching. Fertilizer or Manure K- potassium found on animal manure Runoff- flow/transfer of water Erosion- transfer of soil Soil Solution (K+)- This form of potassium is readily available for plants.
- 16. IEL NAVARRO
- 17. STEPHEN SUGAY
- 18. IVAN GERONIMO
- 19. CHRISTIAN “THE JET” JETAJOBE