Posterior crossbite can be caused by skeletal factors like a narrow maxilla or wide mandible, or dental factors such as teeth erupting in the wrong position. Treatment depends on the cause, but may involve rapid or slow palatal expansion using appliances to widen the maxilla. For skeletal crossbites, expansion appliances are cemented and activated to apply force across the midpalatal suture. For dental crossbites, lighter forces from things like elastic threads or springs are used to move individual teeth. Crossbites caused by jaw shifting are treated by eliminating interferences and expanding a narrow arch. Habit-induced crossbites are addressed by treating the underlying habit. Correcting crossbites early in the
Buccolingual malrelationship of upper and lower
teeth.Anterior or posterior (unilateral or bilateral) with or
without mandibular displacement.
Buccal crossbite: Lower teeth occlude buccal to
corresponding upper teeth .
Lingual crossbite (scissors bite): Lower teeth occlude
lingual to palatal cusps of upper teeth.
Buccolingual malrelationship of upper and lower
teeth.Anterior or posterior (unilateral or bilateral) with or
without mandibular displacement.
Buccal crossbite: Lower teeth occlude buccal to
corresponding upper teeth .
Lingual crossbite (scissors bite): Lower teeth occlude
lingual to palatal cusps of upper teeth.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Frankles appliance Is a myofunctional appliance
Functional appliance are removable or fixed appliances that aim to utilize eliminate or guide the forces arising from muscle function,tooth eruption and growth inorder to alter skeletal and dental relationship
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Prosthodontics seminar 3rd stage University of Anbar College Of Dentistry
Created By Mohammed Amer Hekma
Supervised by: Dr Osama Abdul Rasool Hammoodi
References
• FUNDAMENTALS OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL PROSTHODONTIC DESIGN by Kenneth R. McHenry, D.D.S., M.S and Terrence McLean, D.D.S.
• Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Fourth Edition by Rodney D Phoenix, D.D.S, M.S, David R Cagna, D.M.D, M.S and Charles F DeFreest, D.D.S
• McCRACKEN’S REMOVABLE PARTIAL PROSTHODONTICS, TWELFTH EDITION BY Alan B. Carr, D.M.D, M.S, and David T. Brown, DDS, MS
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
presentation about impacted canine incidence, prevalence,classification,diagnosis, localization and treatment options including surgical and non surgical modalities
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Interceptive orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Frankles appliance Is a myofunctional appliance
Functional appliance are removable or fixed appliances that aim to utilize eliminate or guide the forces arising from muscle function,tooth eruption and growth inorder to alter skeletal and dental relationship
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Prosthodontics seminar 3rd stage University of Anbar College Of Dentistry
Created By Mohammed Amer Hekma
Supervised by: Dr Osama Abdul Rasool Hammoodi
References
• FUNDAMENTALS OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL PROSTHODONTIC DESIGN by Kenneth R. McHenry, D.D.S., M.S and Terrence McLean, D.D.S.
• Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Fourth Edition by Rodney D Phoenix, D.D.S, M.S, David R Cagna, D.M.D, M.S and Charles F DeFreest, D.D.S
• McCRACKEN’S REMOVABLE PARTIAL PROSTHODONTICS, TWELFTH EDITION BY Alan B. Carr, D.M.D, M.S, and David T. Brown, DDS, MS
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
presentation about impacted canine incidence, prevalence,classification,diagnosis, localization and treatment options including surgical and non surgical modalities
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Interceptive orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Copy of activator /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Anatomical landmarks/ dental implant courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Relining rebasing and repair of complete denture/ dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgeryCing Sian Dal
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Copyright (c) Prof. Dr. U Ko Ko Maung
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Dental Medicine, Yangon
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgeryCing Sian Dal
Instruments used in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Copyright (c) Dr. Ko Ko Maung
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Dental Medicine, Yangon
Practical Points of View for Removable Partial DentureCing Sian Dal
Practical Points of View for Removable Partial Denture
Copyright (c) Dr. Myint Kyaw Thu
Department of Prosthodontics
University of Dental Medicine, Yangon
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
2. Posterior CrossbitePosterior Crossbite
Posterior crossbite reflects deviationsPosterior crossbite reflects deviations
from ideal occlusion in the transversefrom ideal occlusion in the transverse
plane of space.plane of space.
5. CausesCauses
( I ) Skeletal crossbite( I ) Skeletal crossbite
Narrow maxilla but occasionally from anNarrow maxilla but occasionally from an
excessively wide mandibleexcessively wide mandible
Hemimandibular hypertrophyHemimandibular hypertrophy
Surgical treated cleft lip and palate.Surgical treated cleft lip and palate.
6. Hemimandibular hypertrophyHemimandibular hypertrophy
- Excessive growth of the mandible
on the right side.
- The dental occlusion shows an open
bite on the affected right side ,
reflecting the vertical component of
the excessive growth.
7. ( II ) Dental crossbite( II ) Dental crossbite
Premolar or molar erupted palatally orPremolar or molar erupted palatally or
buccallybuccally
due to crowdingdue to crowding
or early loss of deciduous second molar.or early loss of deciduous second molar.
8. ( III ) Functional crossbite( III ) Functional crossbite
mandible displaced laterally due to occlusalmandible displaced laterally due to occlusal
interference (premature contact )interference (premature contact )
9. ( IV ) Habit( IV ) Habit
eg. Thumb sucking habiteg. Thumb sucking habit
10. Types of posteriorTypes of posterior
crossbitecrossbite
( 1 ) Unilateral posterior crossbite( 1 ) Unilateral posterior crossbite
unilateral crossbite in centric relation and maximumunilateral crossbite in centric relation and maximum
intercuspation without a mandibular shift.intercuspation without a mandibular shift.
Caused by narrow maxillary arch combined with aCaused by narrow maxillary arch combined with a
functional shift.functional shift.
- On close examination usually is found as result from- On close examination usually is found as result from
bilateral constriction of maxillary arch and a shift of thebilateral constriction of maxillary arch and a shift of the
mandible to one side on closuremandible to one side on closure
single tooth cross bitesingle tooth cross bite
11.
12. ( 2 ) Bilateral posterior crossbite( 2 ) Bilateral posterior crossbite
more severe maxillary constriction maymore severe maxillary constriction may
result in a bilateral crossbite withoutresult in a bilateral crossbite without
mandibular shift.mandibular shift.
15. Dental cross bite
Skeletal cross bite
- a patient with adequate palatal width
(i.e., distance AB approximately
equals distance CD),
- inadequate palatal width (i.e.,
distance CD is considerably larger
than distance AB).
16. TreatmentTreatment
For skeletal posterior crossbite(Narrow Maxillary Arch)For skeletal posterior crossbite(Narrow Maxillary Arch)
It is necessary to place force directly across the suture.It is necessary to place force directly across the suture.
Transverse maxillary expansion ( by opening the midpalatalTransverse maxillary expansion ( by opening the midpalatal
suture )suture )
But heavy force and rapid expansion are not indicated inBut heavy force and rapid expansion are not indicated in
younger children ( Primary dentition and early mixed dentiton )younger children ( Primary dentition and early mixed dentiton )
There is significant risk of distortion of the nose.There is significant risk of distortion of the nose.
Before age of 15 years – nearly 100% successBefore age of 15 years – nearly 100% success
17. Expansion on a skull , showing how the palateExpansion on a skull , showing how the palate
opens as if on a hinge at the base of the nose.opens as if on a hinge at the base of the nose.
18. Types of expansion applianceTypes of expansion appliance
( 1 ) removable appliance incorporate( 1 ) removable appliance incorporate
screw or wire springscrew or wire spring
( 2 ) Fixed appliance( 2 ) Fixed appliance
bonded or banded screw appliancebonded or banded screw appliance
( 3 ) Adjustable Lingual arch such as( 3 ) Adjustable Lingual arch such as
W – archW – arch
Quadhelix applianceQuadhelix appliance
( 4 ) Myofunctional appliance( 4 ) Myofunctional appliance
Buccal shieldsBuccal shields
23. For bimaxillary expansion
Activated by opening the
apices of the W ( opened 3 to
4 mm wider than the passive
width )
Intraoral appliance adjustment
is possible but may lead to
unexpected changes.
For this reason removal and
recementation are
recommended at each active
W - arch
28. For rapid palatal expansionFor rapid palatal expansion, 0.5 mm or more per day, 0.5 mm or more per day
( Two turns daily )( Two turns daily )
- Produce 10-20 pounds of pressureProduce 10-20 pounds of pressure
- After expansion requires 3 months for retentionAfter expansion requires 3 months for retention
For semirapid expansion,For semirapid expansion,0.250.25 mm per daymm per day
- (One turn daily)(One turn daily)
For slow expansionFor slow expansion ,1mm per week expansion,1mm per week expansion
-- (One quarter turn twice a week)(One quarter turn twice a week)
-- Produce 2 pounds of pressureProduce 2 pounds of pressure
Activation of screw applianceActivation of screw appliance
29. Rapid Palatal ExpansionRapid Palatal Expansion
The expansion is carried out in approximately 2 weeksThe expansion is carried out in approximately 2 weeks
but the screw should be stabilized and the appliancesbut the screw should be stabilized and the appliances
maintained in place for 3-4 months of retension.maintained in place for 3-4 months of retension.
Relapse can be expected because of the elasticity ofRelapse can be expected because of the elasticity of
the palatal soft tissue.the palatal soft tissue.
Therefore it is wise to overcorrect the crossbite initially.Therefore it is wise to overcorrect the crossbite initially.
For additional retention period, the fixed appliance canFor additional retention period, the fixed appliance can
be removed but a removable retainer that covers thebe removed but a removable retainer that covers the
palate and often need as further insurance againstpalate and often need as further insurance against
early relapse.early relapse.
30.
31.
32. Slow Palatal ExpansionSlow Palatal Expansion
approximately 2approximately 211/2/2 months are needed to obtainmonths are needed to obtain
the expansion and the appliance can bethe expansion and the appliance can be
removed in another 2 months.removed in another 2 months.
After 10 – 12 weeks approximately the sameAfter 10 – 12 weeks approximately the same
roughly equal amounts of skeletal & dentalroughly equal amounts of skeletal & dental
expansion are present that were seen as theexpansion are present that were seen as the
same time with rapid expansion.same time with rapid expansion.
33. Unilateral cross-bite left side with anUnilateral cross-bite left side with an
associated displacement of theassociated displacement of the
mandible to the leftmandible to the left
Corrected cross-bite by
screw appliance (note
correction of centre line )
34. ( 2 ) Unilateral crossbite correction( 2 ) Unilateral crossbite correction
( a )for unilateral crossbite( a )for unilateral crossbite
due to unilateral crossbite in centric relation anddue to unilateral crossbite in centric relation and
maximum intercuspation without a mandibular shift.maximum intercuspation without a mandibular shift.
by usingby using
unequal “ w “ arch or quad-helix.unequal “ w “ arch or quad-helix.
cross-elastic to maxillary teeth and thecross-elastic to maxillary teeth and the
mandibular lingual arch uses to stabilize themandibular lingual arch uses to stabilize the
lower arch.lower arch.
removable appliance that has been sectionedremovable appliance that has been sectioned
asymmetrically.asymmetrically.
36. True unilateral maxillary posterior constriction.
A - Initial contact B – Full occlusion (no shift)
This problem is best treated with unilateral posterior expansion.
Unequal W arch appliance
To correct a true unilateral maxillary
constriction.
The appliances are constructed more
teeth in the anchorage unit than in the
unit where teeth are expected to move
But some bilateral expansion must be
expected
37. ( b ) For dental crossbite( b ) For dental crossbite
are treated by moving the teeth withare treated by moving the teeth with
lighter forces.lighter forces.
38. Single tooth crossbite or true unilateral asymmetries ofSingle tooth crossbite or true unilateral asymmetries of
the dental arch are usually best corrected bythe dental arch are usually best corrected by cross-cross-
elastic.elastic.
( Elastic from the lingual of one arch to the buccal of( Elastic from the lingual of one arch to the buccal of
the other )the other )
OrOr
Removable applianceRemovable appliance incorporate screw or wire springincorporate screw or wire spring
T springT spring
to move a molar, or premolar or canines buccallyto move a molar, or premolar or canines buccally
Flap springFlap spring
to move mandibular premolar or molar bucallyto move mandibular premolar or molar bucally
39. To correct a simple crossbite
Posterior crossbite is corrected, increase posterior vertical
dimension and there by to rotate the mandible downward and
backward even if cross-elastics are avoided.
42. A, the permanenmt axillary left first molar displaced lingually and
the permanent mandibular left first molar displaced facially,
which resulted in a posterior crossbite between these teeth.
B , A short and relatively heavy cross-elastic is placed between the
buttons welded on the bands.
The elastic can be challenging for some children to place , but
should be worn full-time and changed frequently.
43. To move a molar buccally
( also effective on premolars and
canines )
T – spring
46. ( 3 ) For functional crossbite( 3 ) For functional crossbite
Crossbite caused by a mandibular shift shouldCrossbite caused by a mandibular shift should
be treated as soon as that are discovered.be treated as soon as that are discovered.
Equilibration to eliminate mandibular shiftEquilibration to eliminate mandibular shift
Expansion of a constricted archExpansion of a constricted arch
Repositioning of individual teeth to deal withRepositioning of individual teeth to deal with
intra arch asymmetriesintra arch asymmetries
47. ( 4 ) For Habit( 4 ) For Habit
Habit treatmentHabit treatment
Treat the conditionTreat the condition
48. Correcting posterior crossbites in the mixed dentition in
creases arch circumference and provides more room f or
the permanent teeth .
On the average, a 1 mm increase in the inter-premolar
width increases arch perimeter values by 0. 7 mm.
Total relapse into crossbite is unlikely in the absence of
a skeletal problem, and mixed dentition expansion
reduces the incidence of posterior crossbite in the
permanent dentition , so early correction also simplifies
future diagnosis and treatment by eliminating at least that
problem from the list .