1. Palate orthopedic expansion is used to treat cases with a contracted maxilla under age 15-16 where the transverse discrepancy is over 5mm.
2. The procedure involves disjoining the palatal suture to allow expansion and widening of the maxilla, which improves nasal ventilation.
3. Effects are seen in the horizontal, frontal, and sagittal planes, with fanning of the midpalatal suture and downward divergence of the jaws.
Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) is a surgical technique used to widen the maxilla in adults. It involves performing corticotomies through the zygomatic buttress and midpalatal suture to release areas of resistance. An expander is placed preoperatively and activated postoperatively at 0.5mm per day to slowly widen the maxilla using distraction osteogenesis. SARME provides more stable expansion than conventional expansion or same-day segmental osteotomies and allows expansion of over 5mm without tooth extractions. Complications can include damage to teeth/roots, oronasal fistulae, and rarely more serious issues.
Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is a rare condition characterized by the triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. It occurs due to restricted growth of the mandible in utero, which causes the tongue to obstruct palatal fusion and the airway. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach and may include interventions like nasopharyngeal intubation, mandibular advancement, or tracheostomy to address airway and feeding issues. Long term care involves monitoring for catch-up mandibular growth and treating dentofacial abnormalities, with some studies finding persistence of mandibular deficiencies in PRS versus isolated cleft palate. Genetic assessment is also important as PR
In prosthodontics, replacing the missing, without affecting the other components of the masticatory system has two main reference the maximum intercupation and the centric relation.
In this lecture discussion of centric relation as reference is exposed.
This document describes a case of a patient with microstomia (reduced oral aperture) due to extensive post-surgical facial scarring. Standard impression techniques could not be used due to the small mouth opening. The dentists innovatively used impression compound on an articulator bite fork to create a preliminary impression, allowing for complete denture construction. The patient was ultimately satisfied with the functional and aesthetic outcome, though she continues to experience recurring skin cancers. The technique of using a bite fork with compound is recommended for similar microstomia cases where small stock trays do not fit.
factors influencing centric relation/ orthodontic straight wire techniqueIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Midline shift /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document discusses midline shift, including its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Midline shift can be caused by dental factors like tooth loss or retention, or skeletal factors like condylar fractures or hemimandibular hypertrophy. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, functional analysis, radiographs, and determining if the shift is dental or skeletal. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may involve correcting tooth positioning, expanding the arch, or orthognathic surgery for severe skeletal discrepancies. Maintaining compensatory tooth inclinations is important to properly address underlying skeletal asymmetries.
centric relation recording in edentulous pateints /certified fixed orthodonti...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) is a surgical technique used to widen the maxilla in adults. It involves performing corticotomies through the zygomatic buttress and midpalatal suture to release areas of resistance. An expander is placed preoperatively and activated postoperatively at 0.5mm per day to slowly widen the maxilla using distraction osteogenesis. SARME provides more stable expansion than conventional expansion or same-day segmental osteotomies and allows expansion of over 5mm without tooth extractions. Complications can include damage to teeth/roots, oronasal fistulae, and rarely more serious issues.
Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is a rare condition characterized by the triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. It occurs due to restricted growth of the mandible in utero, which causes the tongue to obstruct palatal fusion and the airway. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach and may include interventions like nasopharyngeal intubation, mandibular advancement, or tracheostomy to address airway and feeding issues. Long term care involves monitoring for catch-up mandibular growth and treating dentofacial abnormalities, with some studies finding persistence of mandibular deficiencies in PRS versus isolated cleft palate. Genetic assessment is also important as PR
In prosthodontics, replacing the missing, without affecting the other components of the masticatory system has two main reference the maximum intercupation and the centric relation.
In this lecture discussion of centric relation as reference is exposed.
This document describes a case of a patient with microstomia (reduced oral aperture) due to extensive post-surgical facial scarring. Standard impression techniques could not be used due to the small mouth opening. The dentists innovatively used impression compound on an articulator bite fork to create a preliminary impression, allowing for complete denture construction. The patient was ultimately satisfied with the functional and aesthetic outcome, though she continues to experience recurring skin cancers. The technique of using a bite fork with compound is recommended for similar microstomia cases where small stock trays do not fit.
factors influencing centric relation/ orthodontic straight wire techniqueIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Midline shift /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document discusses midline shift, including its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Midline shift can be caused by dental factors like tooth loss or retention, or skeletal factors like condylar fractures or hemimandibular hypertrophy. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, functional analysis, radiographs, and determining if the shift is dental or skeletal. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may involve correcting tooth positioning, expanding the arch, or orthognathic surgery for severe skeletal discrepancies. Maintaining compensatory tooth inclinations is important to properly address underlying skeletal asymmetries.
centric relation recording in edentulous pateints /certified fixed orthodonti...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document summarizes the historical perspectives and controversies surrounding the definition of centric relation (CR) in orthodontics. It discusses how the definition of CR has changed over time from referring to a retruded, posterior condyle position to a contemporary understanding of an anterior-superior position. The document also reviews past literature regarding the recording and validity of CR records as well as the relationship between condyle position and temporomandibular disorders. A key conclusion is that current scientific evidence does not support the benefit of using gnathologic CR records and articulators in orthodontic treatment as the positions of the temporomandibular joint condyles have not been shown to be predictive of temporomandibular
horizontal jaw relation in complete denturedipalmawani91
This document provides an overview of centric relation and how its definition has changed over time. It discusses the significance of centric relation as a reference position and reviews various theories about how it is achieved musculoskeletally. The document also examines the relationship between centric relation and centric occlusion, and describes different methods for recording centric relation, including static, functional, graphic, and physiological techniques. Factors that can influence the accuracy of centric relation records are also reviewed.
The human mandible can be related to the maxilla in several positions in the horizontal plane. Among these centric relation is a significant position, because of its usefulness in relating the dentulous and edentulous mandible to maxilla, where the teeth , muscles and temporomandibular joint function in harmony. It is a position of occluso-articular harmony.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
dentofacial assessment for orthognathic surgery by ALAA EL KASABYMaher Fouda
This document provides an overview of dentofacial assessment for orthognathic surgery. It discusses assessing the face from multiple views including frontal, lateral, bird's eye, and worm's eye. Key areas of assessment are discussed for each view, including vertical and horizontal proportions, asymmetries, lip form, dental centrelines, ear position, eye features, and nasal deviation. The document emphasizes the importance of careful clinical examination from multiple angles to evaluate dentofacial deformities prior to orthognathic surgery.
Smiling involves movements of the lips, nostrils, nasal tip, and eyes. A common method to measure smiles involves drawing vertical and horizontal lines on a photo to measure things like tooth exposure, lip drape, and commissure width. An important smile measurement is the smile index, which is the intercommisure width divided by the interlabial gap while smiling. Smiling is influenced by factors of the lips, teeth, and gingiva. Lip factors include the lip line, buccal corridors, and smile arc. Teeth factors include color, proportion, symmetry, midlines, angulation, and inclination. Gingival factors include embrasures, connectors, contour, and levels. Treatment of excessive ging
Dr. Ahmed M. Adawy
Professor Emeritus, Dep. Oral & Maxillofacial Surg.
Former Dean, Faculty of Dental Medicine
Al-Azhar University
The condition of being prognathic indicates abnormal forward projection of one or of both jaws beyond the established normal relationship with the cranial base. The skeletal manifestation can be due to mandibular anterior positioning (prognathism) or growth excess (macrognathia), maxillary posterior positioning (retrognathism) or growth deficiency (micrognathia), or a combination of both. The prevalence of mandibular prognathism, the etiologic factors, evaluation of patients, and treatment modalities are presented.
Dentofacial assessment of orthognathic patient Part 1Maher Fouda
1. The document discusses the process of assessing patients seeking orthognathic surgery.
2. A thorough assessment involves examining the patient's medical history, dental history, concerns, facial features, and jaw relationships.
3. The assessment aims to understand the patient's condition and concerns in order to plan appropriate corrective surgery.
This document provides an overview of anatomical landmarks in the maxilla that are important for complete denture construction. It discusses intraoral landmarks like the labial and buccal frenums, as well as maxillary arch structures like the residual alveolar ridge, hard palate, palatal rugae, incisive papilla, hamular notch, maxillary tuberosity, and fovea palatinae that serve as stress bearing or relief areas. The document emphasizes understanding the histology and functions of these structures to ensure dentures are designed and placed to avoid placing undue pressure on supporting tissues.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Centric jaw relation by Dr Rajanikanth AVTanuMahajan4
This document discusses centric jaw relation and methods for recording it. It defines centric jaw relation as the maxillomandibular relationship where the condyles are in the anterior-superior position against the articular eminence with the mandible directed superior and anteriorly. It describes various physiological, functional, and graphic methods for recording centric jaw relation, including tactile, needle house, Patterson's, and pantographic tracing methods. Pantographic tracing is highlighted as the most accurate three-dimensional graphic method.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to occlusion and articulation including centric relation, centric occlusion, and maximal intercuspal position.
2. It provides guidelines for making wax rims and records for edentulous patients including determining the occlusal vertical dimension and freeway space.
3. The process of making a centric relation record is described which involves using bimanual manipulation to guide the mandible into the centric position while soft tissue is registered.
Growth modification of different types of malocclusionbilal falahi
This document discusses different types of growth modification appliances used to treat malocclusions. It begins by explaining that growth modification uses remaining growth potential to alter jaw size and positioning. Key appliances discussed include the Andresen activator, twin block, and various types of headgear. Factors like timing of treatment, force magnitude, and duration of force application are reviewed. Both passive and active functional appliances are indicated, with considerations for skeletal, dental, and vertical discrepancies.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Excess or deficiency of the mandible can result in abnormal occlusion and facial deformity. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is commonly used to correct mandibular positioning by splitting the ramus and body of the mandible, allowing advancement or setback of the mandible through a transoral incision. For mandibular deficiency cases, bone grafts from the iliac crest are often placed to fill the osteotomy defect.
This document provides an overview of Lefort I osteotomy, including:
- A brief history describing the development of maxillary osteotomy techniques.
- Anatomical considerations and the biologic basis for maxillary osteotomies, which have shown adequate blood supply can be maintained.
- Indications for Lefort I osteotomy include altering vertical dimension, anteroposterior movements, and surgical expansion of the maxilla.
- Types of Lefort I osteotomies are described, including classic, quadrangular, and segmental variations. Postoperative management and potential complications are also outlined.
Anterior openbite diagnosis and managment (oral surgery)dentalcare3
1. The document discusses the diagnosis and treatment of anterior open bite malocclusion. It defines anterior open bite and lists its causes such as skeletal, dental, soft tissue, and habits.
2. Treatment depends on the cause and age of the patient, and can include appliances, headgear, fixed appliances, extractions, and sometimes surgery. For growing patients, habit correction and arch expansion may work.
3. In skeletally mature patients, open bite can be corrected orthodontically by extruding incisors, intruding molars, and expanding the maxilla. Stability is a concern and compromise of facial aesthetics is possible.
4. Surgical options are discussed for cases involving
Centric relation is a maxillomandibular relationship where the condyles are positioned at the anterior-superior position against the posterior slopes of the articular eminences, allowing purely rotary movement. There are several theories regarding what determines centric relation, including muscle, ligament, osteofiber, and meniscus theories. It is important to record centric relation for complete dentures as it provides a reproducible reference position and orients the lower cast on the articulator. Common methods to record centric relation include interocclusal records, graphic tracings, and functional methods.
The Kloehn facebow is used to intercept developing Class II malocclusions during the mixed dentition stage. It applies orthopedic forces from a cervical headgear to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition into a Class I relationship. This is done by fitting an inner bow into molar tubes on maxillary first molars. Forces of 350g are applied from the headgear to the outer bow for 12-14 hours per day. After about 12 months of wear, a Class I molar relationship and overjet improvement is typically achieved.
The document discusses class II malocclusion features and early intervention during mixed dentition. Key points include:
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by maxillary excess or mandibular deficiency. It has varying prevalence and presentations.
- Features include distal molar relationship, overjet, deep bite, and retruded mandible on cephalograms.
- Early intervention includes maintaining arch length, treating habits, and using cervical headgear from ages 8-10 to distalize maxilla.
- Headgear application for 12 months can correct molar relationship and overjet in preparation for fixed appliances.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document summarizes the historical perspectives and controversies surrounding the definition of centric relation (CR) in orthodontics. It discusses how the definition of CR has changed over time from referring to a retruded, posterior condyle position to a contemporary understanding of an anterior-superior position. The document also reviews past literature regarding the recording and validity of CR records as well as the relationship between condyle position and temporomandibular disorders. A key conclusion is that current scientific evidence does not support the benefit of using gnathologic CR records and articulators in orthodontic treatment as the positions of the temporomandibular joint condyles have not been shown to be predictive of temporomandibular
horizontal jaw relation in complete denturedipalmawani91
This document provides an overview of centric relation and how its definition has changed over time. It discusses the significance of centric relation as a reference position and reviews various theories about how it is achieved musculoskeletally. The document also examines the relationship between centric relation and centric occlusion, and describes different methods for recording centric relation, including static, functional, graphic, and physiological techniques. Factors that can influence the accuracy of centric relation records are also reviewed.
The human mandible can be related to the maxilla in several positions in the horizontal plane. Among these centric relation is a significant position, because of its usefulness in relating the dentulous and edentulous mandible to maxilla, where the teeth , muscles and temporomandibular joint function in harmony. It is a position of occluso-articular harmony.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
dentofacial assessment for orthognathic surgery by ALAA EL KASABYMaher Fouda
This document provides an overview of dentofacial assessment for orthognathic surgery. It discusses assessing the face from multiple views including frontal, lateral, bird's eye, and worm's eye. Key areas of assessment are discussed for each view, including vertical and horizontal proportions, asymmetries, lip form, dental centrelines, ear position, eye features, and nasal deviation. The document emphasizes the importance of careful clinical examination from multiple angles to evaluate dentofacial deformities prior to orthognathic surgery.
Smiling involves movements of the lips, nostrils, nasal tip, and eyes. A common method to measure smiles involves drawing vertical and horizontal lines on a photo to measure things like tooth exposure, lip drape, and commissure width. An important smile measurement is the smile index, which is the intercommisure width divided by the interlabial gap while smiling. Smiling is influenced by factors of the lips, teeth, and gingiva. Lip factors include the lip line, buccal corridors, and smile arc. Teeth factors include color, proportion, symmetry, midlines, angulation, and inclination. Gingival factors include embrasures, connectors, contour, and levels. Treatment of excessive ging
Dr. Ahmed M. Adawy
Professor Emeritus, Dep. Oral & Maxillofacial Surg.
Former Dean, Faculty of Dental Medicine
Al-Azhar University
The condition of being prognathic indicates abnormal forward projection of one or of both jaws beyond the established normal relationship with the cranial base. The skeletal manifestation can be due to mandibular anterior positioning (prognathism) or growth excess (macrognathia), maxillary posterior positioning (retrognathism) or growth deficiency (micrognathia), or a combination of both. The prevalence of mandibular prognathism, the etiologic factors, evaluation of patients, and treatment modalities are presented.
Dentofacial assessment of orthognathic patient Part 1Maher Fouda
1. The document discusses the process of assessing patients seeking orthognathic surgery.
2. A thorough assessment involves examining the patient's medical history, dental history, concerns, facial features, and jaw relationships.
3. The assessment aims to understand the patient's condition and concerns in order to plan appropriate corrective surgery.
This document provides an overview of anatomical landmarks in the maxilla that are important for complete denture construction. It discusses intraoral landmarks like the labial and buccal frenums, as well as maxillary arch structures like the residual alveolar ridge, hard palate, palatal rugae, incisive papilla, hamular notch, maxillary tuberosity, and fovea palatinae that serve as stress bearing or relief areas. The document emphasizes understanding the histology and functions of these structures to ensure dentures are designed and placed to avoid placing undue pressure on supporting tissues.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Centric jaw relation by Dr Rajanikanth AVTanuMahajan4
This document discusses centric jaw relation and methods for recording it. It defines centric jaw relation as the maxillomandibular relationship where the condyles are in the anterior-superior position against the articular eminence with the mandible directed superior and anteriorly. It describes various physiological, functional, and graphic methods for recording centric jaw relation, including tactile, needle house, Patterson's, and pantographic tracing methods. Pantographic tracing is highlighted as the most accurate three-dimensional graphic method.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to occlusion and articulation including centric relation, centric occlusion, and maximal intercuspal position.
2. It provides guidelines for making wax rims and records for edentulous patients including determining the occlusal vertical dimension and freeway space.
3. The process of making a centric relation record is described which involves using bimanual manipulation to guide the mandible into the centric position while soft tissue is registered.
Growth modification of different types of malocclusionbilal falahi
This document discusses different types of growth modification appliances used to treat malocclusions. It begins by explaining that growth modification uses remaining growth potential to alter jaw size and positioning. Key appliances discussed include the Andresen activator, twin block, and various types of headgear. Factors like timing of treatment, force magnitude, and duration of force application are reviewed. Both passive and active functional appliances are indicated, with considerations for skeletal, dental, and vertical discrepancies.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Excess or deficiency of the mandible can result in abnormal occlusion and facial deformity. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is commonly used to correct mandibular positioning by splitting the ramus and body of the mandible, allowing advancement or setback of the mandible through a transoral incision. For mandibular deficiency cases, bone grafts from the iliac crest are often placed to fill the osteotomy defect.
This document provides an overview of Lefort I osteotomy, including:
- A brief history describing the development of maxillary osteotomy techniques.
- Anatomical considerations and the biologic basis for maxillary osteotomies, which have shown adequate blood supply can be maintained.
- Indications for Lefort I osteotomy include altering vertical dimension, anteroposterior movements, and surgical expansion of the maxilla.
- Types of Lefort I osteotomies are described, including classic, quadrangular, and segmental variations. Postoperative management and potential complications are also outlined.
Anterior openbite diagnosis and managment (oral surgery)dentalcare3
1. The document discusses the diagnosis and treatment of anterior open bite malocclusion. It defines anterior open bite and lists its causes such as skeletal, dental, soft tissue, and habits.
2. Treatment depends on the cause and age of the patient, and can include appliances, headgear, fixed appliances, extractions, and sometimes surgery. For growing patients, habit correction and arch expansion may work.
3. In skeletally mature patients, open bite can be corrected orthodontically by extruding incisors, intruding molars, and expanding the maxilla. Stability is a concern and compromise of facial aesthetics is possible.
4. Surgical options are discussed for cases involving
Centric relation is a maxillomandibular relationship where the condyles are positioned at the anterior-superior position against the posterior slopes of the articular eminences, allowing purely rotary movement. There are several theories regarding what determines centric relation, including muscle, ligament, osteofiber, and meniscus theories. It is important to record centric relation for complete dentures as it provides a reproducible reference position and orients the lower cast on the articulator. Common methods to record centric relation include interocclusal records, graphic tracings, and functional methods.
The Kloehn facebow is used to intercept developing Class II malocclusions during the mixed dentition stage. It applies orthopedic forces from a cervical headgear to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition into a Class I relationship. This is done by fitting an inner bow into molar tubes on maxillary first molars. Forces of 350g are applied from the headgear to the outer bow for 12-14 hours per day. After about 12 months of wear, a Class I molar relationship and overjet improvement is typically achieved.
The document discusses class II malocclusion features and early intervention during mixed dentition. Key points include:
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by maxillary excess or mandibular deficiency. It has varying prevalence and presentations.
- Features include distal molar relationship, overjet, deep bite, and retruded mandible on cephalograms.
- Early intervention includes maintaining arch length, treating habits, and using cervical headgear from ages 8-10 to distalize maxilla.
- Headgear application for 12 months can correct molar relationship and overjet in preparation for fixed appliances.
Cervical traction is used during active clinical crown height stage of teeth to place the inner bow close to the center of resistance of the first molar, which is near the trifurcation of roots. The inner bow has stops to maintain a 4-6mm space between the bow and incisors. A Kloehn facebow is a cervical headgear used to redirect maxillary growth in class II division 1 malocclusions involving maxillary excess during mixed dentition stage. It utilizes orthopedic forces from the outer bow connected to the tragus to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the dentition.
The document discusses class II division 1 malocclusion, including its features such as a protrusive maxilla and retrusive mandible. Early intervention for growing maxillary excess includes using a Kloehn facebow headgear to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition into a class I relationship. The headgear is effective in correcting maxillary protrusion while allowing normal mandibular growth.
This document discusses Class II division 1 malocclusion, including its prevalence, clinical findings, and early intervention. Key points include:
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal step in the deciduous molars and is the second most common malocclusion.
- Clinical findings include a protrusive maxilla, retrusive mandible, large overjet, and deep bite.
- Early intervention can be done during the mixed dentition stage using a cervical facebow headgear to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition.
- Treatment typically takes 12-18 months to achieve a Class I molar relationship and correct the malocclusion.
This document discusses Class II division 1 malocclusion, including its prevalence, clinical findings, and early intervention. Key points include:
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal step in the deciduous molars and is the second most common malocclusion.
- Clinical findings include overjet, overbite, protrusive midface, and retrusive chin. Cephalometric findings show maxillary protrusion or mandibular retrusion.
- Early intervention involves maintaining dental health, addressing habits, and using cervical headgear to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition into a Class I relationship. Headgear is most effective when started in late mixed or early permanent dentition
This document discusses class II malocclusion, including its prevalence, clinical and cephalometric features, and early interventions during mixed dentition. It notes that class II malocclusion can involve maxillary excess, mandibular retrusion, or a combination. Early signs include a distal step of the deciduous molars. Interceptive treatment may include maintaining primary dentition, addressing habits, and using cervical headgear in cases of maxillary excess to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition.
This document discusses class II malocclusion, including its prevalence, clinical and cephalometric features, and early interventions during mixed dentition. It notes that class II malocclusion can involve maxillary excess, mandibular retrusion, or a combination. Early features include a distal step in the deciduous molars. Interceptive treatment may include maintaining primary dentition, addressing habits, and using cervical headgear in cases of maxillary excess to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition.
Class II malocclusion features a distal relationship of the mandibular dentition relative to the maxilla. It has a prevalence among Caucasians and involves either maxillary excess, mandibular retrusion, or a combination. Clinical findings include a distal step in the deciduous molars, large overjet, and deep bite. Cephalometric findings show a prognathic maxilla or retrusive mandible. Early intervention via a cervical facebow headgear can restrain maxillary growth, distalize the upper dentition, and correct to a Class I relationship.
biomechanics of open bite closure by incisor extrusionMaher Fouda
This document discusses various techniques for treating anterior open bites in orthodontics. It begins by noting that while deep bites are commonly treated using intrusion mechanics, open bites have received less attention despite being a common problem. Techniques discussed include incisor extrusion using vertical elastics, extractions to allow incisor eruption/retroclination, and appliances like tongue cribs. Challenges with reliability and patient compliance with vertical elastic use are also addressed. The document provides details on biomechanics, appliances, and cases.
The document discusses the features, prevalence, and early intervention of class II division 1 malocclusion involving maxillary excess. It describes the clinical and cephalometric characteristics of class II malocclusion and the use of cervical headgear with a Kloehn facebow to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition during the mixed dentition stage to intercept the developing malocclusion. The headgear application is aimed at maintaining a class I molar and canine relationship through orthopedic modification of the maxilla.
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal positioning of the mandibular molars or mandible. It is the second most common malocclusion.
- Clinical findings include a distal step relationship of the deciduous molars, large overjet, deep bite, and procumbent upper incisors.
- Early intervention with a cervical headgear can restrict maxillary growth in growing children exhibiting maxillary excess to redirect their growth into a Class I occlusion.
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal relationship between the maxillary and mandibular teeth. It has several craniofacial and skeletal features.
- Early signs in the deciduous and mixed dentitions include a distal step relationship between the second deciduous molars and transverse discrepancy.
- Treatment in the mixed dentition stage involves using a cervical headgear with facebow to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition to achieve Class I molar and canine relationships.
The document discusses class II malocclusion and early intervention using a Kloehn facebow. Key points include:
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal relationship of the mandibular dentition to the maxillary dentition. It involves maxillary excess, mandibular deficiency, or a combination.
- A Kloehn facebow applies cervical traction to restrain maxillary growth while allowing normal mandibular growth. It consists of inner and outer bows connected to maxillary first molar bands.
- Treatment with a Kloehn facebow in the late mixed/early permanent dentition redirects maxillary growth, distalizes maxillary molars, and can guide the mandible
The document discusses class II malocclusion, early intervention, and the use of Kloehn facebows. It notes that class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal relationship of the mandibular dentition and is commonly treated using cervical headgear to restrain maxillary growth. The Kloehn facebow applies orthopedic forces to the maxilla via an outer bow connected to the ear and an inner bow fitted into bands on the maxillary first molars. When used for 12-18 months in the mixed dentition, it can correct class II malocclusions by distalizing the maxillary dentition and allowing normal mandibular growth.
The document discusses class II malocclusion and early intervention using a Kloehn facebow. Key points include:
- Class II malocclusion is characterized by a distal relationship of the mandibular dentition to the maxillary dentition. It involves maxillary excess, mandibular deficiency, or a combination.
- A Kloehn facebow applies cervical traction to restrain maxillary growth while allowing normal mandibular growth. It consists of inner and outer bows connected to maxillary first molar bands.
- Treatment with a Kloehn facebow in the late mixed/early permanent dentition redirects maxillary growth, distalizes maxillary molars, and can guide the dentition
Class 2 malocclusion is characterized by a distal relationship of the lower teeth to the upper teeth. Early intervention during the mixed dentition stage can address a developing Class 2 malocclusion caused by maxillary excess. A Kloehn facebow with cervical headgear can be used to restrain maxillary growth and distalize the upper molars, helping to correct the Class 2 relationship and overjet. The facebow is most effective when worn for 12-14 hours per day during the period of rapid maxillary growth.
This document discusses class II malocclusion featuring maxillary excess. Key points include:
1. Prevalence and clinical findings of class II malocclusion during mixed dentition.
2. Cephalometric and occlusal characteristics including a retruded mandible.
3. Early intervention using cervical headgear with a facebow to guide maxillary growth and distalize the upper dentition can help address class II division 1 malocclusion caused by maxillary excess.
This document discusses class II malocclusion and the use of Kloehn facebows in early intervention. It provides details on the components and mechanics of Kloehn facebows, noting they apply orthopaedic forces to restrain maxillary growth. Treatment is aimed at distalizing the maxillary dentition to achieve class I occlusion. The document outlines craniofacial features of class II malocclusion and effects of facebow therapy, including reduction of maxillary protrusion while allowing normal mandibular growth. Facebows are most effective when started in late mixed/early permanent dentition to coincide with facial growth spurts.
Class II malocclusion features growing maxillary excess and can be intercepted early. It has high prevalence and clinical signs include distal molar relationship, overjet, and maxillary protrusion. Cephalometric findings show maxillary protrusion or mandibular retrusion. Kloehn facebow with cervical headgear restrains maxillary growth from ages 7-9 to correct the class II relationship and distalize upper molars in 12 months, allowing normal mandibular growth.
Similar to Disjunction palatine maureen q uiros sibaja ingles (20)
2. The palate orthopedic expansion is indicated in those cases that present a contraction of the transverse diameter of the maxilla in children and youth up to age 15-16 years, where you need to resolve a discrepancy of more than 5mm cross. This procedure is used in preference to bilateral cross-bite cases, but also in patients with cleft lip-palate with inhibition of growth of the maxilla. Summary
3. Treatment is the disjunction of the palatal suture, so that expansion can take place parallel to the two segments cross. Thanks to treatment, not only broadens the base of the upper jaw, but also extends the floor of the nasal passages and thus eventually achieved improvement of ventilation. Objective
4. The palate orthopedic expansion is an intervention performed many years ago and The importance of these breakers without surgical intervention to correct the contractions of the transverse diameter of the maxillary defect associated with the base skeletal pathology that often can be found and with increasing frequency in malocclusion Class I, II or III. Importance
5. There are several kinds of circuit breakers and in turn changes therein. The circuit breaker is between HYRAS faster or more devices used in the field of dento-maxillary orthopedics. Among the advantages we have.1. Little need for patient cooperation.2. Extreme strength.3. Precise time of therapy, orthopedic outcomes in patients who are still finalizing their growth.4. Modifications of mandibular posture.5. Better breathing.
6. The disjunction of the palatal suture is a method of treatment described in 1860 by Angle, who achieved mechanically forced expansion of the median palatine suture The palate orthopedic expansion, and consequently the circuit breaker, is indicated in cases of maxillary endognasia. Endognasia jaw means a contraction (collapse maxillary), sometimes, it is only necessary a careful morphological and functional evaluation during the first appointment. In these cases, we observe the formation arched palate, which is developed more in height. Disjunction PALATINE
7. Despite the obvious morphological and functional problems present, could remain in doubt that the contraction of the arch is dentoalveolar and basal. It is possible to confirm the differential diagnosis in the previous posterolateralTeleradiograph. The radiographic projection will show whether the axes lobby palatine upper and lower molars are or are not aligned. In the first case it would be endognasia in the second endoalveolia (Fig. 1). Figure 1
8. The presence of a maxillary transverse failure is often the result of a posterior crossbite (cross bite) that can be mono or bilateral. When it occurs bilaterally, the image must be respected, more commonly, argues a narrower maxilla with respect to smaller (Fig. 2). The jaw may be well placed in central position with respect to the skull and therefore there will be no noise in the temporomandibular joint (click). (Fig. 2).
9. If monolateralcrossbite is often it is a hiccup on transverse expansion, determining prematurities cusps and, hence, a lateral shift of the mandible (Fig. 3). (Fig. 3)
10. For this reason, the jaw is not located centrally with respect to the skull;This functional malposition can trigger structural.This would cause a negative orthopedic effect, capable of producing a deformed jaw structure. In some cases, a figure much lower, the clinical picture is similar, but it is a monolateral constraint so a correction must be made monolateral (Fig. 4). (Fig. 4).
11. Before starting the therapy is necessary to assess the situation of the mandible. The occlusion can present three different situations:1. No crossbite2. Monolateral crossbite3. Bilateral crossbite JAW SITUATION
12. When the patient is still growing, or is young, the lateral shift is much more common. In these cases, during the consultation must be established if there are contacts in centric relation premature. Semiological these maneuvers are: 1. Trying to close in centric position (carefully manipulate the jaw) to see if there prematurities diverters 2. Make the most open and check if the median lines focus 3. Make protrude the most and see if the media focused lines 4. Palpate the lateral pterygoid muscle highlighting a possible nuisance monolateral
13. The stitches that bind the jaw with the other craniofacial bones react before the forces, but their resistance makes the action level is tested in Palatine. Breaker orthopedic effects are manifested in different planes: horizontal, frontal and sagittal planes. EFFECTS skeletal and dental
14. On the horizontal plane happens fanning the average palate suture determined by the increasing resistance of the posterior. At this point, the transverse dimension is maintained by the pterygoid processes which, being of endochondral origin, represent structures are difficult to alter with therapy (Fig. 5). (Fig. 5)
15. In the frontal plane, the two jaws diverge down in a pyramidal movement (Fig. 6). In this rotation is going out also, the decline in the vault, through which it occurs increase nasal ventilatory capacity (Fig. 7). (Fig. 7) (Fig. 6)
16. After the first days of activation, one can observe the presence of a diastemainterincisal is a clear sign of the presence of disjunction. After 30-40 days, the diastema was closed by mutual pull of transseptal fibers between the two central incisors. This closure, initially, is only at the level of the crowns, because the roots are still in dispute, each located on one side of the suture is still open. Only at the end of containment, the two central regain their natural inclination, including at the root (Fig. 8).
18. For this kind of disjunction device is used, the same bearing in the center a special screw (screw type HYRAS). Generally, this screw is welded to bands Hyras premolars and molars. In case of patients with completely deciduous teeth, the device is anchored in the second temporary molar and the canine (Fig. 9). (Fig. 9)
19. The dental braces are also located on the second permanent molars and canines, the important thing is not involved in anchoring the lateral and central. Expansion bolts are the four arms bent and cut so they can be welded to the bands. There are bolts of various sizes, according to the expansion that is desired, the larger the greater the expansion screw that can be done.
20. The force transmitted to the screw to open a circuit breaker is of a certain intensity, but only applies dental cause a moderate inclination The activities will depend on how much we need to expand across the maxilla. Usually it is the parents who open the screws.timely notify parents that after a certain number of activations, interincisivediastema appears to enable them to interpret this sign, in a positive way
21. Containment has a duration of at least four months. The breaker does not work, obviously, if the palate orthopedic expansion is impossible. This happens when the relationship between the resistance of the anchor (teeth) and the suture is no longer favorable. The causes unfavorable escalation of suture ossification (depending on patient age) and periodontal conditions involved
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