Interceptive orthodontics involves procedures undertaken early to eliminate or reduce malocclusions. It prevents full malocclusions requiring long term treatment later. Procedures include serial extraction to guide teeth into normal occlusion, correcting developing crossbites, controlling abnormal habits like thumb sucking and tongue thrusting, regaining lost space, muscle exercises, and intercepting skeletal issues. Interceptive treatment is more physiological and prevents psychological impacts of malocclusions.
The term serial extraction describes an orthodontic treatment procedure that involves the orderly removal of selected deciduous and permanent teeth in a predetermined sequence
The term serial extraction describes an orthodontic treatment procedure that involves the orderly removal of selected deciduous and permanent teeth in a predetermined sequence
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Orthodontic Treatment Modalities Done by: Dr. Mohamad Ghazi Kassem
2. Orthodontic Treatment Modalities Preventive orthodontics: Interceptive orthodontics Corrective orthodontics • Removable appliances • Fixed appliances Orthognathic Surgery “Jaw Surgery”
3. Preventive orthodontics Preventive Orthodontics is the action taken to preserve the integrity of what appears to be normal at a specific time. Any procedure that attempt to ward off untoward environmental attacks or anything that would change the normal course of events, e.g. 1. Early connection of proximal caries that might change the arch length 2. Early recognition and elimination of oral habits that might interfere with the normal development of the teeth and jaws 3. Placing of a space maintainer to maintain proper position of contiguous teeth It is defined as the action taken to preserve the integrity of what appears to be a normal occlusion at a specific time.
4. 1960 : Kesling stated that “some case should be referred as early as 3 or 4 years of age and all cases by the age of 8 or 9 years” there by lying the foundation of preventive and interceptive orthodontics. 1977: Begg stated that “proper time to begin the treatment is as the beginning of the variation from the normal, in the process of development of dental apparatus, as possible” 1980: Profit and Ackermann has defined it as a prevention of potential interference with occlusal development.
5. Various Preventive procedures are : 1. Pre-dental procedures 2. Care of deciduous dentition 3. Patient and parents education programs 4. Supernumerary teeth 5. Early loss of deciduous teeth 6. Proximal caries 7. Oral habits 8. Space maintainers
6. 1. Pre-dental procedures: • Proper nutrition of the child. • Proper nursing care of the infant. • Bottle feeding should be discouraged.
7. 2. Care of deciduous dentition: 3. Patient and parent’s education programs: Need of maintaining good oral hygiene should be explained to the patient and the parents. Demonstration of brushing methods and diet counseling etc are also important.
8. 4. Supernumerary teeth: Supernumerary teeth and supplemental teeth can interfere with the eruption of nearby teeth. Presence of mesiodens prevents the two maxillary central incisors from approximating each other. They should be removed at appropriate time.
9. 5.Oral habits: Abnormal oral habits should be recognized and patient should be helped by motivation or by fitting a suitable habit breaking appliance.
10. digit sucking Methods to prevent tongue thrusting Mouth breathing
11. 6.Space maintainers: Premature loss of deciduous teeth can cause drifting of the adjacent teeth into the space. Space maintainers must be inserted in appropriate cases after the loss of teeth, particularly after the loss of deciduous molars in inadequate arches. Fixed Space Maintainers Removable space maintainers
12. Interceptive orthodontics Richardson (1982)
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Orthodontic Treatment Modalities Done by: Dr. Mohamad Ghazi Kassem
2. Orthodontic Treatment Modalities Preventive orthodontics: Interceptive orthodontics Corrective orthodontics • Removable appliances • Fixed appliances Orthognathic Surgery “Jaw Surgery”
3. Preventive orthodontics Preventive Orthodontics is the action taken to preserve the integrity of what appears to be normal at a specific time. Any procedure that attempt to ward off untoward environmental attacks or anything that would change the normal course of events, e.g. 1. Early connection of proximal caries that might change the arch length 2. Early recognition and elimination of oral habits that might interfere with the normal development of the teeth and jaws 3. Placing of a space maintainer to maintain proper position of contiguous teeth It is defined as the action taken to preserve the integrity of what appears to be a normal occlusion at a specific time.
4. 1960 : Kesling stated that “some case should be referred as early as 3 or 4 years of age and all cases by the age of 8 or 9 years” there by lying the foundation of preventive and interceptive orthodontics. 1977: Begg stated that “proper time to begin the treatment is as the beginning of the variation from the normal, in the process of development of dental apparatus, as possible” 1980: Profit and Ackermann has defined it as a prevention of potential interference with occlusal development.
5. Various Preventive procedures are : 1. Pre-dental procedures 2. Care of deciduous dentition 3. Patient and parents education programs 4. Supernumerary teeth 5. Early loss of deciduous teeth 6. Proximal caries 7. Oral habits 8. Space maintainers
6. 1. Pre-dental procedures: • Proper nutrition of the child. • Proper nursing care of the infant. • Bottle feeding should be discouraged.
7. 2. Care of deciduous dentition: 3. Patient and parent’s education programs: Need of maintaining good oral hygiene should be explained to the patient and the parents. Demonstration of brushing methods and diet counseling etc are also important.
8. 4. Supernumerary teeth: Supernumerary teeth and supplemental teeth can interfere with the eruption of nearby teeth. Presence of mesiodens prevents the two maxillary central incisors from approximating each other. They should be removed at appropriate time.
9. 5.Oral habits: Abnormal oral habits should be recognized and patient should be helped by motivation or by fitting a suitable habit breaking appliance.
10. digit sucking Methods to prevent tongue thrusting Mouth breathing
11. 6.Space maintainers: Premature loss of deciduous teeth can cause drifting of the adjacent teeth into the space. Space maintainers must be inserted in appropriate cases after the loss of teeth, particularly after the loss of deciduous molars in inadequate arches. Fixed Space Maintainers Removable space maintainers
12. Interceptive orthodontics Richardson (1982)
Early and interceptive orthodontic treatment /certified fixed orthodontic cou...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
preventive and interceptive for general practitioners.docxDr.Mohammed Alruby
Scope of orthodontics
for general practitioner
Prepared by
Dr. M Alruby
Orthodontics: is a branch of science and art of dentistry dealing with prevention, interception, and correction of positional and dimensional dentofacial abnormalities.
Orthodontic treatment could be divided as follow:
1- Preventive orthodontic treatment.
2- Interceptive orthodontic treatment.
3- Corrective orthodontic treatment. a) Early corrective. b) late corrective.
4- Post. Treatment maintenance or retentive and follow up.
Preventive orthodontics:
It is defined as that phase of orthodontics employed to recognize and eliminate potential irregularities and malposition in the developing dentofacial complex. It is directed toward improving environmental conditions to permit future normal development
N: B: the child as a patient: children will accept orthodontic treatment if the purpose for treatment is explained in a simple terms that they can understand. Information concerning treatment aims and procedures should be given to the child without hesitation and under authority; neither gives him a great attention nor neglect him. Be familiar with the child and give him some sympathy.
Most children at preadolescent age are ready to accept orthodontic treatment if the orthodontist was able to establish a sympathetic relationship with the child. The child must not force to treatment but it is better to postpone treatment until the child feels the needs for treatment.
The adolescent patients: the 15 years old patient frequently consider himself as a man and must has a special management. Adolescent patient may deny that his teeth need correction and warning of the appliances. It is very important to know whether the patient came to the office alone, with friends or forced by his parents.
Preventive orthodontics is a long range approach and it is largely a responsibility of the general dentist. Many of the procedures are common in preventive and interceptive orthodontics but the timing are different.
Preventive procedures are undertaken in anticipation of development of a problem. Interception procedures are undertaken when the problem has already manifested. For extraction of supernumerary teeth before they cause displacement of other teeth is a preventive procedure, while their extraction after the signs of malocclusion have appeared is an interceptive procedure.
Preventive procedures:
A- Pre-dental preventive procedure ( parents education):
Instruct the mother to feed her baby from breast and if the baby to be feed by a bottle, the nipple should be long enough to rest on the anterior third of the tongue. It also should contain a small side opening instead of single large end hole, this allows the milk to flow on the dorsum of the tongue and prevent it from being squeezed directly into the pharynx, by this method the tongue is allowed to function properly during swallowing which is very important in general growth of the jaws, al
Tongue thrust and mouth breathing habits in childrenDr. Harsh Shah
Overview on mouth breathing and tongue thrusting in children leading to ill effects
Presented by : Pratiksha Ahire
Guided by : Dr. Rehan Khan
Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry
SDDCH PArbhani
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
management of vertical maxillary excess /certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. DEFINITION
“Interceptive orthodontics includes procedures that are
undertaken at an early stage of a malocclusion to eliminate or
reduce the severity of the same” .
It is undertaken at a time when signs & symptoms of
malocclusion has already developed or developing.
It prevent establishment of a full-fledged malocclusion that may
require long-term treatment at a later stage.
Defined as that phase of the science & art of
orthodontics employed to recognize & eliminate
potential irregularities & malpositions of the developing
dentofacial complex.
3. Preventive orthodontics
(prevent onset )
Interceptive orthodontics
(after onset )
Dentition & occlusion
are perfectly normal
Signs & symptoms of
malocclusion appeared
5yroldchildwhoneedspreventivemeasures
7yroldchildneedsinterceptiveprocedures
4. 1. Serial extraction
2. Correction of developing crossbite
3. Control of abnormal habits
4. Space regaining
5. Muscle exercises
6. Interception of skeletal malrelations
7. Removal of soft tissue & bony barrier to eruption of
teeth
Procedures
5. Basic principles
1. Arch length-tooth material
discrepancy
2. Physiologic tooth
movement-tendency to
move towards an extraction
space
SERIAL EXTRACTION
Definition - A procedure
where some deciduous
teeth followed by
permanent teeth were
extracted to guide the
rest of the teeth in
normal occlusion.
6. Indications
1. Class I
(dental)malocclusion
2. Growth is not enough to
overcome discrepancy
3. Straight profile & pleasing
appearance
4. Arch length deficiency
compared to tooth
material
i) Physiological spacing –nt
ii) Unilateral/bilateral premature
loss of 1° canines ê midline
shift
iii) Palatally erupted/impacted
lateral incisors
iv) Marked crowding in U/L
anteriors
7. v. Localized gingival
recession in lower
anterior region*
vi. Ectopic eruption of teeth
vii. Mesial migration of
buccal segment
viii. Abnormal eruption
pattern
ix. Lower anterior flaring
x. Ankylosis of one/more
teeth
8. 1. Class II & III malocclusion ê skeletal abnormalities
2. Spaced dentition
3. Anodontia / oligodontia
4. Open / deep bite
5. Midline diastema
6. Class I malocclusions ê minimal space deficiency
7. Unerupted malformed teeth e.g. dilaceration
8. Extensive caries / heavily filled 1st molars
9. Mild discrepancy which can be treated by proximal
stripping
Contraindications
9. Procedure
Assessment of dental, skeletal & soft tissues
Arch length deficiency of 5-7 mm should exist
Study model analysis
Mixed dentition analysis
Opg & cephalometric examination
Fixed appliance therapy
Methods Dewel’s Tweeds Nance
Age 8-9 yrs 8 yrs 8-9 yrs
Pattern CD4 D4C D4C
10. Advantages Disadvantages
a) Treatment is more physiologic
b) Psychological trauma assoc ê
malocclusion can be avoided
c) Eliminates or reduces duration
of multibanded fixed t/t.
d) Lesser retention period
e) Better oral hygiene thereby
reducing risk of caries
f) Stable results
a) Requires clinical judgement.
No single approach to apply
universally to all patients.
b) Treatment time is prolonged
(2-3 yrs)
c) Multiple visits. Pt cooperation
is needed
d) Tendency of developing
tongue thrust
e) Extraction of buccal teeth can
result in deep bite
f) Risk of arch length reduction
by mesial migration of buccal
segment
g) Ditching / space can exist b/w
canine & premolar
h) Axial inclination of teeth at
termination of procedure
necessitates fixed t/t.
11. Definition - Anterior crossbite is chracterized
by reverse overjet wherein one or more
maxillary anterior teeth are in lingual relation to
mandibular teeth.
Classification – 1. Dental crossbite
(lingual eruption path of maxillary anteriors,
trauma, supernumerary teeth etc)
2. Functional crossbite(occlusal interference)
3. Skeletal crossbites(retrognathic
maxilla/prognathic mandible)
Sequelae - Self perpetuating-manifest in
mixed & permanent as well
Potential of growing into skeletal malocclusion
Poor facial appearance
2.CORRECTION OF DEVELOPING CROSS BITE
12. Tongue blade Catalan’s appliance
Z-spring e. post. Bite plane Reverse pull head gear
Treatment
The best time to treat a crossbite is the first time it is seen
Quad helix
13. Habits refer to certain actions involving teeth &
other oral / perioral structures which are repeated
often enough by some patients to have a profound
& deleterious effect on position of teeth &
occlusion.
(defined as tendency towards an act that has
become a repeated performance, relatively fixed,
consistent & easy to perform )
Classification – 1.[useful & harmful habits]
2.[Empty & meaningful habits]
3.[Pressure- thumb sucking, tongue thrusting etc
Non pressure- mouth breathing
Biting habits- lip & nail biting]
4.[Compulsive(deep rooted) & non-compulsive habits(easily
learned & dropped)]
Sequela – abnormal soft tissue pressure
- Altered muscular contraction
- Altered dentofacial & skeletal growth
3. CONTROL OF ABNORMAL HABITS
14. Definition – defined as placement of
thumb or one or more fingers in varying
depths into the mouth.
Normal – till 31/2 – 4 yrs
Clinical features –
a. proclined maxillary incisors
b. Retroclined mandibular incisors
c. Anterior open bite
d. Posterior crossbites
e. Hypotonic upper lip & hyperactive
mentalis
Thumb & digit sucking
Thumb guard & Elbow
bandage
MANAGEMENT
-Pepper dissolved in a volatile medium
-Quinine
- Asafoetida
15. Definition – a condition in which
tongue makes contact with any teeth
anterior to the molars during
swallowing.
Classification – simple & complex
tongue thrust
Clinical features –
a. Proclined anteriors
b. Anterior open bite
c. Bimaxillary protrusion
d. Posterior open bite (lateral tongue
thrust)
e. Posterior cross bite
Tongue thrust
Removable habit breaking appliance
Fixed palatal cribs
Management
-Correct method of
swallowing
-Tongue exercises to adapt to
new swallowing pattern
16. Mouth breathing
Classification
a. Obstructive
(deviated nasal septum, nasal polyps, nasal turbinates,
adenoids etc)
b. Habitual(continues after nasal obstruction removal )
c. Anatomic (short upper lips)
Clinical features – Long & narrow face
Contracted upper arch ê post crossbite
Blank face
Anterior marginal gingivitis
Dryness of mouth
Management
a. Removal of nasal / pharyngeal obstruction
(refer E.N.T)
b. Interception of habit
(vestibular screen, adhesive tapes to establish lip seal)
c. Rapid maxillary expansion (constricted arch)
Increase nasal airflow & decrease resistance
17. 4. SPACE REGAINING
Defined as procedure to regain space that
had been lost to mesial drifting or inclination
of posterior teeth. As permanent molars drift
or incline in to the space after early
extraction.
- Space lost can be regained by distal
movement of 1st molar.
- Prior to eruption of 2nd molar(7-10yrs)
Space regainers
Gerber’s space regainer
Using jack screws
Using cantilever spring
18. EXERCISE FOR MASSETER MUSCLE
Clenching of teeth by patient while counting to
10.
Repeat this for some duration
EXERCISES FOR LIPS(CIRCUM-ORAL MUSCLES)
a. Messaging of the lips
b. Holding & pumping of water back & forth behind the
lips
c. Hold a piece of paper b/w lips
(Short hypotonic upper lips_aids in stretching)
d. Button pull exercise
e. Tug of war exercise
5. MUSCLE EXERCISES
Normal occlusal development depends upon presence of
normal oro-facial muscle functions.
Muscle exercises help in improving aberrant muscle function.
19. • Button of 1½ ” diameter is taken & a thread is passed through button hole.
Button pull exercise
Patient is asked to place
button behind lips & pull thread
, while restricting it by using lip
pressure.
Tug of war exercise
-Similar
- Use of 2 buttons
-One placed behind the lips while
other is held by another person to pull
the thread.
20. Exercises for tongue
1. One elastic swallow
Use – Correction of improper positioning of
tongue.
Method- 5/16” intra-oral elastic is placed on tip of
tongue & patient is asked to raise the tongue and
hold elastic against rugae area & swallow.
2. Two elastic swallow
Method- Two 5/16” elastics are placed
over tongue, one in midline & other on tip
& patient is asked to swallow with the
elastics in position.
3. Tongue hold exercise
Method- 5/16” elastic is positioned over tongue
in a designated spot for a prescribed period of
time with the lips closed. Pt is asked to swallow
with elastic in place & lips apart.
4. The hold pull exercise
Method- Tip of tongue & midpoint are
made to contact palate & mandible is
gradually opened.
Helps in stretching lingual frenum.
21. Class II malocclusion
Occurs as a result of either
excessive maxillary
growth/deficient mandibular
growth or a combination of both .
6. Interception of skeletal malrelations
Maxillary growth- restricted by use of
face bow with head gear.
a. Occipital headgear
b. Cervical headgear
Mandibular growth- restricted by
myofunctional appliances
a. Activator
b. Functional regulator
22. Class III malocclusion
Occurs as a result of mandibular
prognathism, maxillary retrognathism or
a combination of both.
6. Interception of skeletal malrelations
Maxillary retrusion
-Frankel III appliance
- Face mask
Mandibular protrusion
- Chin cup with head gear
23. TREATMENT
Eruption is stimulated by surgically
exposing the crown
Removal of soft tissue and bony barriers
Non eruption of succedaneous teeth
CAUSES
Over retained deciduous tooth
Ankylosed primary tooth
Supernumerary tooth