The document discusses the clinical features of malocclusion, particularly focusing on Angle's classification, which includes normal occlusion, Class I, II, and III malocclusions. Class I malocclusions generally have normal anteroposterior relationships but may show transverse or vertical discrepancies, with complications like crowding or spacing. The skeletal and facial growth patterns are typically stable, but issues can arise from dentoalveolar adaptations and soft tissue characteristics.

1. Clinical features of malocclusion
 Angle’s classify –Angle’s classify –
- one normal occlusion- one normal occlusion
- three types of malocclusion- three types of malocclusion
- class I malocclusion- class I malocclusion
- class II malocclusion- class II malocclusion
- class III malocclusion- class III malocclusion

2. Angle’s Class I Malocclusion

3. Class I malocclusions
Class I malocclusions include
-those anomalies where the anteroposterior relationship of
lower and upper arches is within normal limits
-there may be transverse and/or vertical malrelationships.
-there may be crowding, spacing and local irregularities
secondary to early loss, developmental anomalies,
which are the most common contributors for class I
malocclusions.

4. Usually class I -- first permanent molar,
canine relation and
incisor

5. Straight facial profile

6. Openbite Crossbite

10. Clinical features
Occlusal relation
Incisor relation
Class I incisor relation
- Ideal incisor relation (lower incisor edge occlude with the
cingulum plateau of the upper incisor)
- Anterior openbite (the incisors are in class I relation but no
vertical overlapping)
- Bimaxillary proclination (the incisors are in class I relation
but both upper and lower incisors are proclined with
abnormal angulation)
Canine relation
-Usually in class I relation but may be class II or class III if
there is crowding or early loss.
Molar relation
- First permanent molar relation is usually class I.
- May be class II or class III if there is mesial drift of
permanent molars due to early loss of primary molars.

11. Skeletal relation
Anteroposterior skeletal relation
- Skeletal pattern is usually class I
- May be mild class II and class III.
- Dentoalveolar compensation usually occurs to achieve class I
incisor relation.
- In mild class II skeletal pattern, the lower incisors are usually
proclined.
-In mild class III skeletal pattern, the lower incisors are retroclined
and the upper incisors proclined.

12. Vertical skeletal relation
• Usually maxillary and mandibular basal bones are normally related
in vertical plane, producing normal incisor overbite.
• In cases with increased vertical dimension, there may be varying
degrees of anterior open bite depending on the severity of vertical
dysplasia and potential for tooth eruption.
Facial growth
• Usually there is normal facial growth.
• The anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relation does not change
with further facial growth and the occlusion is usually stable.
• Mild degree of unfavoural facial growth is usually compensated by
dentoalveolar adaptations compensating tooth eruption.

13. Soft tissues
• Class I malocclusions usually has a favourable or balanced soft
tissue features with normal function.
• However, in cases with-
- bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion, the lips may be full and everted
-increased vertical height, the lips may be incompetent resulting in an
adaptive tongue thrust.
Dentoalveolar
• Most class I malocclusions are presenting with crowding due to
tooth size arch size discrepancy.
• Crowding may be superimposed with local factors such as early
loss ,
supernumerary.
• Occasionally, spacings and median diastema may be present.

14. Mandibular position and path of mandibular closure
• The path of closure is usually normal no centric occlusion and
centric relation discrepancy.
• However, if there is severe crowding or crossbite, the mandible may
be displaced due to premature contact, resulting in centric
occlusion and centric relation discrepancy.