Post viral pericarditis - Dr Vivek Baliga presentation
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Dr Vivek Baliga Academic Summaries - http://drvivekbaliga.net Patient articles - http://heartsense.in/author/dr-vivek-baliga-b/ In this presentation, you will learn about post viral pericarditis in brief.
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Myocarditis
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle that can be caused by infectious or non-infectious triggers. It has a variable clinical presentation ranging from mild symptoms to life-threatening cardiogenic shock. Diagnosis is challenging but can involve elevated cardiac biomarkers, ECG abnormalities, echocardiogram findings of ventricular dysfunction, and cardiovascular MRI or endomyocardial biopsy showing inflammatory infiltrates. Treatment focuses on managing heart failure symptoms and arrhythmias with medications like diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and avoiding digoxin in acute heart failure. The prognosis varies from complete recovery to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy or sudden death.
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This document summarizes the case of a 20-year-old male presenting with new onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy revealed lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with viral myocarditis. He was initially stabilized with supportive therapies including an LVAD and ECMO. While his EF improved, he suffered multiple complications during his hospital stay including cardiac tamponade, hemorrhagic stroke, and infections, leaving him with residual deficits.
Lecture no.3 myo peri-carditis,rf.ie CVS
The document discusses several inflammatory conditions that can affect the heart. It describes myocarditis as an inflammation of the heart muscle that is usually caused by a virus. It lists the typical symptoms which can include chest pain and fatigue. It also discusses pericarditis and rheumatic fever, noting that pericarditis involves inflammation of the protective sac around the heart and can cause chest pain that is relieved by sitting forward. Rheumatic fever is described as an inflammatory condition following a streptococcal infection that can cause heart valve damage. Infective endocarditis is summarized as a bacterial infection of the inner lining of the heart or heart valves.
ECG: Pericarditis
A 58-year-old man presented with shortness of breath and chest pain. An ECG showed ST segment elevation consistent with pericarditis. Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium and can be caused by uremia in patients with chronic kidney disease. The ECG changes in acute pericarditis include diffuse concave ST elevation and upright T waves, except in leads aVR and V1 which are usually depressed. This differs from a myocardial infarction which shows more convex ST elevation and the presence of Q waves.
Inflammatory Heart Disease
Inflammatory Heart Disease can cause pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis, or rheumatic fever. Pericarditis is inflammation of the sac around the heart while myocarditis involves the heart muscle. Endocarditis is a bacterial infection of the heart valves. Rheumatic fever develops after a streptococcal throat infection and can cause long-term heart damage through rheumatic heart disease.
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Myocarditis pediatrics ppt
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle that is most commonly caused by viral infections in children. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and include fatigue, chest pain, palpitations, and signs of heart failure like shortness of breath. Diagnosis is challenging as symptoms are often subtle, but can involve electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, cardiac MRI, and endomyocardial biopsy. Treatment is supportive with medications for heart failure, though immunoglobulin therapy may help in some cases of proven viral infection. Prognosis depends on age and severity of symptoms, with poorer outcomes more common in newborns and those with more severe heart failure.
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The document discusses various pericardial diseases including pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and constrictive pericarditis. Pericarditis can be caused by viruses, tuberculosis, after a myocardial infarction, or be idiopathic. Pericardial effusion can follow pericarditis and cause cardiac tamponade if large. Constrictive pericarditis occurs when the pericardium thickens and restricts heart filling, causing elevated venous pressures. Investigations include echocardiogram, CT, and cardiac catheterization. Treatment involves drainage of effusions, pericardiectomy, or treating the underlying cause.
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Myocarditis
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle that can be caused by infectious or non-infectious triggers. It has a variable clinical presentation ranging from mild symptoms to life-threatening cardiogenic shock. Diagnosis is challenging but can involve elevated cardiac biomarkers, ECG abnormalities, echocardiogram findings of ventricular dysfunction, and cardiovascular MRI or endomyocardial biopsy showing inflammatory infiltrates. Treatment focuses on managing heart failure symptoms and arrhythmias with medications like diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and avoiding digoxin in acute heart failure. The prognosis varies from complete recovery to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy or sudden death.
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This document summarizes the case of a 20-year-old male presenting with new onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy revealed lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with viral myocarditis. He was initially stabilized with supportive therapies including an LVAD and ECMO. While his EF improved, he suffered multiple complications during his hospital stay including cardiac tamponade, hemorrhagic stroke, and infections, leaving him with residual deficits.
Lecture no.3 myo peri-carditis,rf.ie CVS
The document discusses several inflammatory conditions that can affect the heart. It describes myocarditis as an inflammation of the heart muscle that is usually caused by a virus. It lists the typical symptoms which can include chest pain and fatigue. It also discusses pericarditis and rheumatic fever, noting that pericarditis involves inflammation of the protective sac around the heart and can cause chest pain that is relieved by sitting forward. Rheumatic fever is described as an inflammatory condition following a streptococcal infection that can cause heart valve damage. Infective endocarditis is summarized as a bacterial infection of the inner lining of the heart or heart valves.
ECG: Pericarditis
A 58-year-old man presented with shortness of breath and chest pain. An ECG showed ST segment elevation consistent with pericarditis. Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium and can be caused by uremia in patients with chronic kidney disease. The ECG changes in acute pericarditis include diffuse concave ST elevation and upright T waves, except in leads aVR and V1 which are usually depressed. This differs from a myocardial infarction which shows more convex ST elevation and the presence of Q waves.
Inflammatory Heart Disease
Inflammatory Heart Disease can cause pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis, or rheumatic fever. Pericarditis is inflammation of the sac around the heart while myocarditis involves the heart muscle. Endocarditis is a bacterial infection of the heart valves. Rheumatic fever develops after a streptococcal throat infection and can cause long-term heart damage through rheumatic heart disease.
Arrhythmias introduction
This document discusses arrhythmias, including their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Arrhythmias can be caused by cardiac issues like heart attacks or non-cardiac issues like drugs or metabolic imbalances. Common symptoms include palpitations, chest pain, fainting, and breathlessness. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ECGs, heart monitoring, and imaging. Treatment depends on the type of arrhythmia but may include medications, cardioversion, or pacemakers. The document provides details on evaluating and managing common arrhythmias like bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia.
Myocarditis pediatrics ppt
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle that is most commonly caused by viral infections in children. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and include fatigue, chest pain, palpitations, and signs of heart failure like shortness of breath. Diagnosis is challenging as symptoms are often subtle, but can involve electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, cardiac MRI, and endomyocardial biopsy. Treatment is supportive with medications for heart failure, though immunoglobulin therapy may help in some cases of proven viral infection. Prognosis depends on age and severity of symptoms, with poorer outcomes more common in newborns and those with more severe heart failure.
Pericardial Diseases
The document discusses various pericardial diseases including pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and constrictive pericarditis. Pericarditis can be caused by viruses, tuberculosis, after a myocardial infarction, or be idiopathic. Pericardial effusion can follow pericarditis and cause cardiac tamponade if large. Constrictive pericarditis occurs when the pericardium thickens and restricts heart filling, causing elevated venous pressures. Investigations include echocardiogram, CT, and cardiac catheterization. Treatment involves drainage of effusions, pericardiectomy, or treating the underlying cause.
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Rheumatic heart disease is a systemic inflammatory disease that commonly affects children between 5-15 years old after a streptococcal throat infection. It involves inflammation of the heart valves and tissue, which can lead to valve damage over time from conditions like endocarditis. Common signs and symptoms include polyarthritis, rash, subcutaneous nodules, and heart murmurs. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing elevated inflammatory markers and echocardiography to evaluate the heart valves and function. Treatment depends on the severity of valve involvement but may include surgery such as valve repair or replacement for severe cases.
Myocarditis
Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium that is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltrates and myocyte degeneration or necrosis. It is most often caused by viruses, which can damage the myocardium in three phases: acute viral replication, autoimmune injury, and a chronic dilated cardiomyopathy phase. Symptoms range from being asymptomatic to acute cardiogenic shock and sudden death, and may include fever, respiratory distress, chest discomfort, and signs of heart failure. Diagnosis involves electrocardiogram changes, chest x-ray showing cardiomegaly, echocardiogram demonstrating reduced systolic function, and endomyocardial biopsy identifying inflammation. Treatment is supportive with medications like ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers
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The document discusses pericarditis, which is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart (pericardium). It can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, medications, or other conditions. Symptoms include chest pain that worsens with breathing or movement. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, and blood tests. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include NSAIDs, colchicine, corticosteroids, or stopping causative medications. Complications can include pericardial effusions that accumulate fluid and cause cardiac tamponade, a medical emergency.
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This document discusses infective endocarditis, which involves infection of the inner lining of the heart called the endocardium. It is more common in people with pre-existing heart conditions or defects. The document defines endocarditis and lists various risk factors. Common causes are bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus. Symptoms may include fever, joint pain, rashes, and heart complications. Diagnosis involves blood tests, echocardiogram, and physical exam looking for signs like Osler's nodes or Janeway lesions. Treatment is usually long-term antibiotics with surgery sometimes needed to replace infected heart valves. Nursing care focuses on monitoring for complications like embolisms, decreased cardiac output, and managing
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This document discusses several inflammatory conditions of the heart: myocarditis, endocarditis, and pericarditis. Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle that is usually caused by a virus. Endocarditis is a serious infection of one of the heart valves that can be caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream. Pericarditis is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart called the pericardium. The document describes the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for each condition.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by the slow, progressive dilation of all four heart chambers and impaired systolic function. It can occur at any age but is most common between 20-60 years old. The cause is often unknown but may be related to alcohol toxicity, pregnancy, genetic defects, heavy metal ingestion or cytotoxic drugs. Grossly, the heart is enlarged and flabby with poor contractility that can lead to thrombus formation. Microscopically, features include myocyte nuclear enlargement, reduced myocyte width, loss of myofibrils, interstitial fibrosis, and increased lymphocytes.
Myocardial infraction
Miocardial infraction refers to the permanent destruction of myocardial tissues in regions of the heart deprived of adequate blood flow. Risk factors include age, tobacco use, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, family history, physical inactivity, and illicit drug use. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests, imaging like echocardiograms and cardiac catheterization, and stress tests. Treatment focuses on restoring blood flow, reducing risk factors, and managing pain and heart failure.
Case presentation on myocardial infraction
Mr. Mohammed Ghouse, a 64-year-old male with hypertension, presented with chest pain and was admitted to the hospital. Tests showed extensive heart ischemia. He underwent coronary angiography which revealed triple vessel disease and atherosclerosis. His condition was stabilized with medications and an IABP device, but he later developed ventricular tachycardia and died despite resuscitative efforts. The cause of death was determined to be an acute myocardial infarction due to reduced blood flow from the blocked coronary arteries.
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This document discusses infectious diseases that can affect the heart, including endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis. It provides details on the layers of the heart and then defines each condition: endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner heart layer; myocarditis involves the heart muscle; and pericarditis is swelling of the outer sac around the heart. For each condition, the document outlines causes, symptoms, treatments, and nursing considerations. Key diagnostic tests and prevention strategies are also discussed.
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- Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, EKG changes and ruling out other causes. Treatment is intensive dialysis, medications like NSAIDs or colchicine, and pericardiocentesis for large effusions or tamponade.
- Prognosis is generally good with early management but pericarditis was once common in renal failure and can still cause morbidity or mortality if
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Rheumatic heart disease is a systemic inflammatory disease that commonly affects children between 5-15 years old after a streptococcal throat infection. It involves inflammation of the heart valves and tissue, which can lead to valve damage over time from conditions like endocarditis. Common signs and symptoms include polyarthritis, rash, subcutaneous nodules, and heart murmurs. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing elevated inflammatory markers and echocardiography to evaluate the heart valves and function. Treatment depends on the severity of valve involvement but may include surgery such as valve repair or replacement for severe cases.
Myocarditis
Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium that is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltrates and myocyte degeneration or necrosis. It is most often caused by viruses, which can damage the myocardium in three phases: acute viral replication, autoimmune injury, and a chronic dilated cardiomyopathy phase. Symptoms range from being asymptomatic to acute cardiogenic shock and sudden death, and may include fever, respiratory distress, chest discomfort, and signs of heart failure. Diagnosis involves electrocardiogram changes, chest x-ray showing cardiomegaly, echocardiogram demonstrating reduced systolic function, and endomyocardial biopsy identifying inflammation. Treatment is supportive with medications like ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers
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The document discusses pericarditis, which is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart (pericardium). It can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, medications, or other conditions. Symptoms include chest pain that worsens with breathing or movement. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, and blood tests. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include NSAIDs, colchicine, corticosteroids, or stopping causative medications. Complications can include pericardial effusions that accumulate fluid and cause cardiac tamponade, a medical emergency.
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Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart that is usually caused by a bacterial infection. Common symptoms include fever, chills, heart murmurs, and muscle or joint pain. It can be diagnosed through echocardiograms, blood tests, and electrocardiograms. Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics for weeks and may require heart valve surgery to repair damage. Complications can include abnormal heart rhythms, blood clots, and embolisms that spread the infection to other organs like the kidneys, lungs, and brain.
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This document defines and discusses sudden cardiac death and its various causes. It provides epidemiological data showing 300,000 cases per year in the US, with a bimodal distribution. The main causes discussed are long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, commotio cordis, and congenital coronary artery anomalies. For each cause, the document outlines presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options.
MANAGEMENT OF MYOCARDITIS
This document summarizes the management of myocarditis. It discusses the diagnosis of myocarditis through lab evaluation including troponins, natriuretic peptides and endomyocardial biopsy. It outlines the treatment of myocarditis including activity restrictions, medical management with immunosuppressors, antivirals and mechanical circulatory supports. It also discusses survival and the potential need for heart transplantation in severe cases.
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This document discusses several inflammatory conditions of the heart: myocarditis, endocarditis, and pericarditis. Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle that is usually caused by a virus. Endocarditis is a serious infection of one of the heart valves that can be caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream. Pericarditis is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart called the pericardium. The document describes the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for each condition.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by the slow, progressive dilation of all four heart chambers and impaired systolic function. It can occur at any age but is most common between 20-60 years old. The cause is often unknown but may be related to alcohol toxicity, pregnancy, genetic defects, heavy metal ingestion or cytotoxic drugs. Grossly, the heart is enlarged and flabby with poor contractility that can lead to thrombus formation. Microscopically, features include myocyte nuclear enlargement, reduced myocyte width, loss of myofibrils, interstitial fibrosis, and increased lymphocytes.
Myocardial infraction
Miocardial infraction refers to the permanent destruction of myocardial tissues in regions of the heart deprived of adequate blood flow. Risk factors include age, tobacco use, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, family history, physical inactivity, and illicit drug use. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests, imaging like echocardiograms and cardiac catheterization, and stress tests. Treatment focuses on restoring blood flow, reducing risk factors, and managing pain and heart failure.
Case presentation on myocardial infraction
Mr. Mohammed Ghouse, a 64-year-old male with hypertension, presented with chest pain and was admitted to the hospital. Tests showed extensive heart ischemia. He underwent coronary angiography which revealed triple vessel disease and atherosclerosis. His condition was stabilized with medications and an IABP device, but he later developed ventricular tachycardia and died despite resuscitative efforts. The cause of death was determined to be an acute myocardial infarction due to reduced blood flow from the blocked coronary arteries.
Infectious diseases of the heart
This document discusses infectious diseases that can affect the heart, including endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis. It provides details on the layers of the heart and then defines each condition: endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner heart layer; myocarditis involves the heart muscle; and pericarditis is swelling of the outer sac around the heart. For each condition, the document outlines causes, symptoms, treatments, and nursing considerations. Key diagnostic tests and prevention strategies are also discussed.
Upper limb ischemia
This document discusses two cases of upper limb ischemia. For the first case, a 45-year-old woman presented with pain, numbness, coldness and discoloration in her right hand. Examination found absent pulses and discoloration in the right hand. Imaging showed thrombosis of the brachial artery. The second case was a 40-year-old woman with pain and gangrene in fingers of the right hand. She also had absent pulses and imaging revealed occlusion of the brachial artery. The document then reviews causes, classifications, diagnostic studies and management approaches for acute and chronic upper limb ischemia.
Endocarditis ( Inflammatory disease of the Heart
Infective endocarditis is an inflammatory process of the endocardium, especially the heart valves. It carries high morbidity and mortality risks but outcomes can be improved with early diagnosis and effective treatment. The disorder is usually caused by bacterial infections entering the bloodstream from procedures involving the mouth, respiratory, gastrointestinal, or genitourinary systems. Symptoms include fever, heart murmur, and embolic complications. Diagnosis involves blood cultures, echocardiogram, and assessing for clinical signs. Treatment consists of intravenous antibiotics for 4-6 weeks along with managing complications and preventing recurrence.
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Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium). It is usually caused by bacteria or fungi entering the bloodstream from another part of the body. Common symptoms include fever and heart murmur. Diagnosis involves blood tests, echocardiogram, and blood cultures. Treatment requires long-term antibiotics and may require surgery to replace damaged heart valves. Complications can include heart failure, stroke, kidney damage, and embolisms in other parts of the body.
Uremic Pericarditis
The document discusses uremic and dialysis-associated pericarditis. Key points include:
- Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium and can be caused by uremia or inadequate dialysis. It commonly causes chest pain and may develop effusions or tamponade.
- Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, EKG changes and ruling out other causes. Treatment is intensive dialysis, medications like NSAIDs or colchicine, and pericardiocentesis for large effusions or tamponade.
- Prognosis is generally good with early management but pericarditis was once common in renal failure and can still cause morbidity or mortality if
Acute Myocarditis:Diagnosis and Management
This document summarizes a seminar on myocarditis. It discusses the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of different types of myocarditis. Key points include:
- Myocarditis has various causes including viruses, with adenovirus being a common viral agent. It can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy.
- Presentation ranges from mild symptoms to fulminant heart failure. Fulminant myocarditis carries a poor prognosis without treatment.
- Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical symptoms, cardiac biomarkers, imaging like CMR, and endomyocardial biopsy which is the gold standard but has limitations.
- Treatment involves immunosuppression in some cases like giant cell myocarditis. Prognosis depends on severity and
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This is a lecture by Kwaku Nyame from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
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Post viral pericarditis - Dr Vivek Baliga presentation
- 1. Post viral pericarditis Dr Vivek Baliga Consultant Internal Medicine http://heartsense.in/drvivekbaliga
- 2. introduction Post viral pericarditis is the commonest cause of acute pericarditis. Coxsackie A, B and Echovirus are the commonest etiologies.
- 3. Symptoms and signs Symptoms Chest pain radiating to the back, occasionally down left arm. Pain worse when supine (Severe when Supine) Signs Tachycardia and Tachypnoea Pericardial rub may be present (not essential for diagnosis); presence is strongly indicative of pericarditis.
- 4. investigations ECG - Widespread concave ST elevation due to underlying myocarditis (the pericardium is electrically inert). Atrial arrhythmias may occur. Bloods - Mild troponin rise in up to 20% cases. Elevated white cell count, ESR and CRP. Echocardiography - To assess for cardiac parameters and alternate pericardial pathology such as sarcoid.
- 5. Treatment NSAIDS - Ibuprofen preferred Post MI - Aspirin preferred, ideally avoid NSAIDS Steroids - can be used in autoimmune disease Colchicine to prevent recurrent pericarditis Avoid anticoagulants in acute pericarditis as risk of hemorrhage into the pericardial space
- 6. THANK YOU!!