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COPD Case Presentation

   Candice Reyes, MS-III
    Rashmi Desai, MD
     Internal Medicine
HPI
• A.G. is a 55y/o Hispanic male, who was
  transferred from Harbor-UCLA, on 10-20-09
  c/o SOB and cough, and subjective fevers x
  2d. Pt denies chest pain, n/v, and chills. Pt
  was hospitalized 7d earlier 10-13-09 to 10-
  17-09 for r/o ACS. As per UCLA ER report,
  cxr revealed RLL infiltrate. Pt received
  Albuterol, Atrovent, Prednisone, and
  Azithromycin and showed improvement in
  O2Sat 84%RA      97% and was transferred to
  RLA for further management.
PMHx
•   DM II x 2yr
•   HTN
•   Dyslipidemia
•   CVA x 2 (last 2006)
•   COPD
•   HCV
•   Seizure d/o (last 2 wks ago)
•   CHD s/p MI
•   MVA - auto vs pt (2000)
PSHx
• Fracture with internal fixation L tibia and
  arm (2000)
• Brain injury (2000)
• Questionable stent placement or
  angioplasty
Medications
•   Metformin 500mg PO BID
•   Lisinopril 5mg PO BID
•   Aspirin 81mg daily
•   Pravachol 40mg q.h.s.
•   Metoprolol 12.5mg PO daily
•   Advair 250/50 one puff BID
•   Tamiflu 75mg PO BID for 1 day
•   Albuterol HFA 2 puffs q 4-6h PRN
Allergies and Vaccinations
• Allergies
  – PCN - rash
  – Tuna fish - questionable
• Vaccinations
  – Influenza 10/2009
  – Pneumovax - questionable
FHx
• HTN
• CA
• DM
SocHx
• Tobacco 2-3ppd x 30yr (60-90 pack
  years)
• EtOH 2-4 beers x 3-4d/wk
• Heroin and cocaine x 30yr - none in the
  last 5 yr
• Homeless - lives in shelters
ROS
• General: Pt states he feels fatigued and has
  fevers
• Skin: Pt denies new rashes, sores, itching,
  dryness
• HEENT: Pt states that he has pain around his
  R eye but denies recent injury, dizziness,
  vision changes. Pt denies hearing changes,
  tinnitus. Pt denies congestion, dry mouth,
  hoarseness
ROS
• Neck: Pt denies swollen glands, lumps, pain
  or stiffness
• Resp: Pt states that he has SOB and his
  cough is dry. Pt denies hemoptysis and
  sputum
• Cardiac: Pt denies chest pain, palpitations,
  edema
• GI: Pt denies trouble swallowing, heartburn,
  change in appetite, nausea, abnormal bowel
  habits, abdominal pain, jaundice
ROS
• Urinary: Pt denies frequency, polyuria,
  nocturia, urgency, hematuria
• Genital: Pt denies hernias, discharge,
  testicular pain or masses. Pt prefers women
  but is not sexually active at this time
• Extremities: Pt denies leg cramps, varicose
  veins, pain with walking
• Musculoskeletal: Pt states he is limited in
  motion during inspiration. Pt denies muscle or
  joint pain, stiffness, injuries
ROS
• Psychiatric: Pt denies changes in mood,
  depression, nervousness, suicidal
  thoughts
• Neurologic: Pt states that he has
  seizure d/o. Pt denies changes in
  memory, orientation, dizziness
PE
• VS: T 97-97.5, P 80-85, R 17-20, O2Sat 95-
  100%, SBP 95-129, DBP 58-73
• Gen: 55 y/o overweight Hispanic male
  appears older than state age, in NAD, sitting
  upright at side of bed
• HEENT: Head NCAT, scalp without lesions;
  visual acuity 20/20 in both eyes, PERRLA,
  EOMI, Sclera white; canals clear, TM intact,
  acuity good to whispered voice; mucosa pink,
  septum slightly deviated; poor dentition
  noted, no tonsillar erythema or exudate
PE
• Neck: supple, no cervical lymph nodes palpated, no
  thyromegaly, no JVD
• Chest: gynecomastia bilaterally
• Respiratory: Thorax symmetric with poor excursion,
  Expiratory wheezes present in R and L upper and
  middle lobes
• CV: RRR without murmur, radial, dorsalis pedis
  pulses appreciated bilaterally
• ABD: scar noted RUQ, Active BS in four quadrants,
  soft NT to palpitation, No HSM
• MS: No joint deformities, symmetrical appearance of
  upper and lower extremities
PE
• Neuro: A&O x 3, CN II-XII intact, 4/5
  strength in UE and LE, DTR 2/4 biceps,
  patellar and achilles bilaterally, sensory
  - light touch, pinprick intact
• Skin: Many tattoos, no rashes or lesions
Diagnostic Data
• CXR: RLL infiltrate per UCLA ER
  Report → 1) No acute pulmonary of
  pleuritic dz 2) L hemidiaphragm
  elevated as per RLA report
Lab Data
      14.4              137 102 10
4.4          157                       115
      41.6              4.3 26   0.8

Alk Phos 47    ABGs 7.41/42/47/25.9
Protot 5.8
Albumin 3.1
A&P
1) COPD Exacerbation, RLL Infiltrate
  •   Azithromycin 500mg PO daily
  •   Atrovent, Albuterol HFA q 4hr
  •   Advair diskus 250/50 BID
  •   Prednisone 60mg PO daily
  •   PFTs pending
2) HTN
  •   Lisinopril 5 mg PO BID
  •   Metoprolol 25mg PO daily
  •   Low sodium diet
A&P
3) DM
  • Metformin 500mg PO BID
  • SSI
  • 2200 kcal ADA diet
4) DVT and GI Prophylaxis
  • Enoxaparin 40mg SQ daily
  • Famotidine 20mg PO BID
5) Seizure D/O
  • Phenytoin 400mg PO daily
  • Seizure precautions
A&P
6) Dyslipidemia
  • Pravastatin 40mg PO daily
  • Low fat diet
7) Nicotine Dependence
  • Nicotine transdermal patch 21/24h daily
  • Famotidine 20mg PO BID
8) HCV
  • Alpha fetoprotein, HCV viral load pending
9) H/O Opiod Dependence

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation

  • 1. COPD Case Presentation Candice Reyes, MS-III Rashmi Desai, MD Internal Medicine
  • 2. HPI • A.G. is a 55y/o Hispanic male, who was transferred from Harbor-UCLA, on 10-20-09 c/o SOB and cough, and subjective fevers x 2d. Pt denies chest pain, n/v, and chills. Pt was hospitalized 7d earlier 10-13-09 to 10- 17-09 for r/o ACS. As per UCLA ER report, cxr revealed RLL infiltrate. Pt received Albuterol, Atrovent, Prednisone, and Azithromycin and showed improvement in O2Sat 84%RA 97% and was transferred to RLA for further management.
  • 3. PMHx • DM II x 2yr • HTN • Dyslipidemia • CVA x 2 (last 2006) • COPD • HCV • Seizure d/o (last 2 wks ago) • CHD s/p MI • MVA - auto vs pt (2000)
  • 4. PSHx • Fracture with internal fixation L tibia and arm (2000) • Brain injury (2000) • Questionable stent placement or angioplasty
  • 5. Medications • Metformin 500mg PO BID • Lisinopril 5mg PO BID • Aspirin 81mg daily • Pravachol 40mg q.h.s. • Metoprolol 12.5mg PO daily • Advair 250/50 one puff BID • Tamiflu 75mg PO BID for 1 day • Albuterol HFA 2 puffs q 4-6h PRN
  • 6. Allergies and Vaccinations • Allergies – PCN - rash – Tuna fish - questionable • Vaccinations – Influenza 10/2009 – Pneumovax - questionable
  • 8. SocHx • Tobacco 2-3ppd x 30yr (60-90 pack years) • EtOH 2-4 beers x 3-4d/wk • Heroin and cocaine x 30yr - none in the last 5 yr • Homeless - lives in shelters
  • 9. ROS • General: Pt states he feels fatigued and has fevers • Skin: Pt denies new rashes, sores, itching, dryness • HEENT: Pt states that he has pain around his R eye but denies recent injury, dizziness, vision changes. Pt denies hearing changes, tinnitus. Pt denies congestion, dry mouth, hoarseness
  • 10. ROS • Neck: Pt denies swollen glands, lumps, pain or stiffness • Resp: Pt states that he has SOB and his cough is dry. Pt denies hemoptysis and sputum • Cardiac: Pt denies chest pain, palpitations, edema • GI: Pt denies trouble swallowing, heartburn, change in appetite, nausea, abnormal bowel habits, abdominal pain, jaundice
  • 11. ROS • Urinary: Pt denies frequency, polyuria, nocturia, urgency, hematuria • Genital: Pt denies hernias, discharge, testicular pain or masses. Pt prefers women but is not sexually active at this time • Extremities: Pt denies leg cramps, varicose veins, pain with walking • Musculoskeletal: Pt states he is limited in motion during inspiration. Pt denies muscle or joint pain, stiffness, injuries
  • 12. ROS • Psychiatric: Pt denies changes in mood, depression, nervousness, suicidal thoughts • Neurologic: Pt states that he has seizure d/o. Pt denies changes in memory, orientation, dizziness
  • 13. PE • VS: T 97-97.5, P 80-85, R 17-20, O2Sat 95- 100%, SBP 95-129, DBP 58-73 • Gen: 55 y/o overweight Hispanic male appears older than state age, in NAD, sitting upright at side of bed • HEENT: Head NCAT, scalp without lesions; visual acuity 20/20 in both eyes, PERRLA, EOMI, Sclera white; canals clear, TM intact, acuity good to whispered voice; mucosa pink, septum slightly deviated; poor dentition noted, no tonsillar erythema or exudate
  • 14. PE • Neck: supple, no cervical lymph nodes palpated, no thyromegaly, no JVD • Chest: gynecomastia bilaterally • Respiratory: Thorax symmetric with poor excursion, Expiratory wheezes present in R and L upper and middle lobes • CV: RRR without murmur, radial, dorsalis pedis pulses appreciated bilaterally • ABD: scar noted RUQ, Active BS in four quadrants, soft NT to palpitation, No HSM • MS: No joint deformities, symmetrical appearance of upper and lower extremities
  • 15. PE • Neuro: A&O x 3, CN II-XII intact, 4/5 strength in UE and LE, DTR 2/4 biceps, patellar and achilles bilaterally, sensory - light touch, pinprick intact • Skin: Many tattoos, no rashes or lesions
  • 16. Diagnostic Data • CXR: RLL infiltrate per UCLA ER Report → 1) No acute pulmonary of pleuritic dz 2) L hemidiaphragm elevated as per RLA report
  • 17. Lab Data 14.4 137 102 10 4.4 157 115 41.6 4.3 26 0.8 Alk Phos 47 ABGs 7.41/42/47/25.9 Protot 5.8 Albumin 3.1
  • 18. A&P 1) COPD Exacerbation, RLL Infiltrate • Azithromycin 500mg PO daily • Atrovent, Albuterol HFA q 4hr • Advair diskus 250/50 BID • Prednisone 60mg PO daily • PFTs pending 2) HTN • Lisinopril 5 mg PO BID • Metoprolol 25mg PO daily • Low sodium diet
  • 19. A&P 3) DM • Metformin 500mg PO BID • SSI • 2200 kcal ADA diet 4) DVT and GI Prophylaxis • Enoxaparin 40mg SQ daily • Famotidine 20mg PO BID 5) Seizure D/O • Phenytoin 400mg PO daily • Seizure precautions
  • 20. A&P 6) Dyslipidemia • Pravastatin 40mg PO daily • Low fat diet 7) Nicotine Dependence • Nicotine transdermal patch 21/24h daily • Famotidine 20mg PO BID 8) HCV • Alpha fetoprotein, HCV viral load pending 9) H/O Opiod Dependence