This is the presentation which was presented in PPT CONTEST on TCP PRESENTO 2020 organized by THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

1. Pollution

2. What is Pollution?
“Pollution is the introduction of substances (or energy) that cause adverse changes in the
environment and living entities .”

3. *Pollution need not always be caused by chemical substances such as particulates
(like smoke and dust).
*Forms of energy such as sound, heat or light can also cause pollution.
*These substances that cause pollution are called pollutants.
Pollutants

5. Air Pollution
● Air pollution refers to the release of harmful
contaminants (chemicals, toxic gases, particulates,
biological molecules, etc.) into the earth’s
atmosphere.
● These contaminants are quite detrimental, and in
some cases, pose serious health issues.

6. * Some causes that contribute
to air pollution are:
❖ Burning fossil fuels
❖ Mining operations
❖ Exhaust gases from
industries and factories

7. * The effects of air pollution vary based on pollutant. But
generally, the impact of air pollution range from:
❖ Increased risk of respiratory illness and
cardiovascular problems
❖ Increased risk of skin diseases
❖ May increase the risk of cancer
❖ Global warming
❖ Acid rain
❖ Ozone depletion
❖ Hazards to wildlife

8. Control Measures
● Reduce the number of trips you take in your car.
● Reduce or eliminate fireplace and wood stove use.
● Avoid burning leaves, trash, and other materials.
● Avoid using gas-powered lawn and garden equipment.
● Avoid burning leaves, trash, and other materials.
● Consider purchasing portable gasoline containers labeled “spill-
proof,” where available.

9. Control Measures
● Keep car, boat, and other engines properly tuned.
● Be sure your tires are properly inflated.
● Use environmentally safe paints and cleaning products whenever
possible.
● Mulch or compost leaves and yard waste.
● Consider using gas logs instead of wood.
● Follow gasoline refueling instructions for efficient vapor recovery,
being careful not to spill fuel and always tightening your gas cap
securely.

10. Water Pollution

12. ➔ Water pollution is said to occur when toxic pollutants and
particulate matter are introduced into water bodies such as lakes,
rivers and seas.
➔ These contaminants are generally introduced by human activities like
improper sewage treatment and oil spills.
➔ However, even natural processes such as eutrophication can cause
water pollution.

13. Other significant causes of water pollution
include:
● Dumping solid wastes in water bodies
● Disposing untreated industrial sewage
into water bodies
● Human and animal wastes
● Agricultural runoff containing pesticides
and fertilisers

14. Other consequences of water pollution include:
➢Disruption of the ecosystem
➢Threats to marine life
➢Increased risk of water-borne diseases
➢Increases toxic chemicals (such as mercury) in
water bodies
➢Eutrophication

15. ★ Avoid using the toilet as a wastebasket. Most tissues, wrappers, dust
cloths, and other paper goods should be properly discarded in a
wastebasket. The fiber reinforced cleaning products that have become
popular should never be discarded in the toilet.
★ Avoid using a garbage disposal. Keep solid wastes solid. Make a compost
pile from vegetable scraps.
★ Install a water efficient toilet. In the meantime, put a brick or 1/2 gal
container in the standard toilet tank to reduce water use per flush.
★ Run the dishwasher or clothes washer only when you have a full load. This
conserves electricity and water.
Control Measures

16. ★ Use the minimum amount of detergent and/or bleach when you
are washing clothes or dishes.
★ Use only phosphate free soaps and detergents.
★ Minimize the use of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers.
★ DO NOT dispose of these chemicals, motor oil, or other
automotive fluids into the sanitary sewer or storm sewer
systems. Both of them end at the river.
★ If your home has a sump pump or cellar drain, make certain it
does not drain into the sanitary sewer system.

17. Soil Pollution

18. Soil pollution, also called soil contamination, refers to the degradation of
land due to the presence of chemicals or other man-made substances in the
soil.

19. Causes of Soil Pollution
Soil erosion
Soil contaminants
 Fertilizers and pesticides
 Excess use of irrigation water

20. Effects of Soil Pollution
Food shortage
Desertification
Decrease in the extent of agricultural land
Top soil erosion
Excess use of irrigation leads to water logging and soil
salinization.
Fertilizer run off leads to the eutrophication of
waterways.

21. Control measures
Proper soil conservation measures to minimize
the loss of top soil
 INM, IPM, using bio pesticides and integrated
environment friendly agriculture to
Reduce pesticides or fertilizers.
Appropriate water management practices in
agriculture
 Keeping the soil surface covered with crop
residues or crop cover
 Planting trees as a part of afforestation/ shelter
belts/wind breakers
Cleaning up of polluted soil

23. Sound is mechanical energy from a vibrating source.
Unpleasant and unwanted sound is called noise pollution.
The CPCB has recommended the permissible noise levels for
various places.

24. Sources of noise pollution
Industrial units
Transportation modes
Construction activities
Celebrations
Electric home appliances

25.  Reduction in source of noise
Noise making machines should be kept in containers
with sound absorbing media
Proper oiling will reduce noise from machinery
Using silencers – fibrous material
Planting trees
Legislation can prevent excess sound production,
unnecessary horn blowing etc.
Control Measures

26. Summary

27. Pollution is the introduction of substances (or energy) that
cause adverse changes in the environment and living entities .
Substances that cause pollution are called pollutants.
 Types – Air, Water, Soil and Noise.
 Air pollution refers to the release of harmful
contaminants (chemicals, toxic gases, particulates, biological
molecules, etc.) into the earth’s atmosphere.
 Water pollution is said to occur when toxic pollutants and
particulate matter are introduced into water bodies such as
lakes, rivers and seas.
 Soil pollution, also called soil contamination, refers to the
degradation of land due to the presence of chemicals or other
man-made substances in the soil.
 Unpleasant and unwanted sound is called noise pollution.

28. Thank You