The document summarizes plant responses to different types of stress. It discusses how plants can avoid or tolerate stress through mechanisms like osmotic adjustment, accumulation of compatible solutes, and heat shock protein production. Stress can be biotic, imposed by other organisms, or abiotic arising from environmental deficits or excesses. Abiotic stresses discussed include drought, high salinity, temperature extremes, and oxidative stress from pollutants. Stress triggers changes in gene expression and metabolism that help plants withstand damaging conditions.

1. Plant Response to Stress BC39P- Plant Biochemistry Dr. W. McLaughlin

8. How plants respond to environmental stress

10. Stress resistance

12. Plant response to stress

19. Osmotic adjustment

21. Solutes that contribute to osmotic adjustments

23. Compatible ions

35. Oxidative stress

41. Tolerance to oxidative stress

44. Heat shock proteins

47. Acclimation to heat stress

48. Classes of HSPs

56. Avenacin A-1

59. HR of barley epidermal cells

67. (A) TMV necrotic lesions forming on N gene-expressing resistant tobacco leaves - total SA contents are greatest in the centre of the lesion and rapidly diminish with distance from the centre

68. (B) Constitutive expression in tobacco plants of the P. putida nah G gene (encodes the enzyme salicylate hydrolase and hydrolyses SA to catechol) leads to continual removal of induced SA. This causes substantial increase in TMV multiplication in the tobacco leaves through a weakening of several N gene-mediated resistance to TMV

73. Ethylene & SA on PR accumulation

75. PR-1 activated by dichloro-isonicotinic acid (INA) and SA