Planning profession
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The document discusses the planning profession and its relevance given projected urban population growth. Planning involves identifying problems, collecting and analyzing data, developing solutions, and monitoring results. It is a multidisciplinary field that involves areas like statistics, engineering, architecture, and economics. Major challenges for planners include accommodating population growth, addressing housing and service shortages, and managing unplanned urban expansion. Professional ethics of integrity, fairness and honesty are important. In India, the key planning institutions are the Institute of Town Planning India and the Town and Country Planning Organization, which advises the government on urban planning and development policies.
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Fundamental of urban and regional planning
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages. Any portion of earth’s surface where physical conditions are homogeneous can be considered as a Region in geographic sense, ranging from a single feature region to compage, depending on the
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All the daily activities of human beings are carried out on land. Proper organization of these activities i.e. planning will help the human being in leading a richer and fuller life in livable surroundings or environment. "Planning" means the scientific, aesthetic, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities.
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A ‘region’ in planning terms can be administrative or at least partially functional, and is likely to include a network of settlements and character areas. In most European countries, regional and national plans are ‘spatial’ directing certain levels of development to specific cities and towns in order to support and manage the region depending on specific needs, for example supporting or resisting polycentrism.
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- Arguing that rural development, urban planning, and city design require different approaches and shouldn't follow a single process.
- Developing the concept of the "valley section" to illustrate how a region influences and is influenced by its cities.
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The document summarizes several urban planning concepts from the 20th century, including the Garden City Concept, Neighborhood Unit Concept, and Sector Theory. The Garden City Concept proposed limiting city populations and incorporating green spaces. The Neighborhood Unit Concept centered schools and included parks, shops, and distinct internal/perimeter streets. Sector Theory described how distinct land use sectors near the city center would perpetuate as the city expanded in wedge-like fashion along major routes.
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Town planning - A Tool to Promote Holistic Development of Human settlements
Town planning aims to promote planned development of human settlements through various tools and processes. It involves studying existing settlements, demographics, land use, infrastructure, and environment to identify issues and opportunities. Town planners then prepare proposed plans and policies to guide future growth, land use, housing, transportation, amenities, economy, heritage preservation, and phasing of development. The goal is to make settlements more livable, productive, and sustainable while ensuring public welfare through inclusive and sustainable planning.
Town planning - A Tool to Promote Holistic Development of Human settlements
Writing is an attempt to briefly describe the context, role and importance of town planning in shaping the human settlements and make them more livable, sustainable and making value addition to human living and working.
3.5.1 master plan
The document discusses development plans, which are long-term plans that guide the growth and development of cities and towns. A development plan arranges the pattern of a town to satisfy current needs without limiting future improvements. It helps control unplanned growth and brings harmony between different groups. Key aspects of development plans include land use planning, transportation networks, standards for amenities and facilities, and implementation over various stages with public participation. Development plans must be given legal status to facilitate effective implementation.
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Regional planning deals with the efficient placement of land uses, infrastructure, and settlement growth across a larger area than an individual city or town. A region can be defined based on homogeneous physical characteristics or human activities within clearly defined boundaries. There are three main types of regions - formal, functional, and vernacular. Formal regions have official boundaries like states or districts, while functional regions are defined by economic interdependencies between places. Planning regions are used for comprehensive development and depend on the country's multi-level planning system, using generally administrative regions as planning units.
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This document summarizes the evolution of town planning laws and development in India, including key acts, guidelines, and issues. It discusses:
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This document provides capital improvement plan proposals for the Town of Stonington, Connecticut for 2017-2018. It includes 11 town-wide proposals and 9 area-specific proposals. The town-wide proposals focus on developing plans and studies for biking/walking, signage, facilities, and sea level rise. The area-specific proposals focus on streetscape improvements and infrastructure in neighborhoods like Coogan Boulevard, Mystic, Pawcatuck, and gateways to town. If funded, the proposals aim to implement goals of the town's Plan of Conservation and Development.
Development of Urban Planning in India
As per Global Liveability Index rankings released in 2019, by Economic Intelligence Unit, two major cities of India Delhi and Mumbai, found itself slipping in the rankings. It measures the living conditions in 140 cities. It is the direct result of Urban Planning and Development. Urban Planning is a professional way of developing urban areas by making physical plans and development regulations. Urban Planning is a combination of social, economic, environmental, and constructive efforts to make an urban dwelling a good, healthy place to live, work, and to move around. It was done to ease the negative physical and social effects on people that arose with the industrial revolution, particularly in urban areas. Urban local bodies or local governments implement urban development strategies. Urban Local Bodies are elected by the people. Planning and development for major cities and urban regions are done by urban metropolitan regional development authorities. These authorities are functionaries institutions under the state government. On the state government level, urban planning and development administration is administered by the State Town Planning Act and other relevant legal frameworks of each state. Currently, all states have ministries responsible for urban planning, urban development, housing, and governance. Spatial plans need to be accounted for to address issues on integrated land connectivity, landfills, urban drainage networks, land requirements, and a range of related urban complexities.Without spatial plans, it is extremely difficult to completely address the issues plaguing infrastructure in Indian cities. Pranav Ojha "Development of Urban Planning in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50331.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/50331/development-of-urban-planning-in-india/pranav-ojha
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This document provides an overview of an introductory course on urban and regional planning. It covers 5 parts:
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The document discusses different types of developmental plans in India including national development plans, regional development plans, city development plans, zonal development plans, local area development plans, and sectoral development plans. It provides details on the purpose, contents, and functions of each type of plan. National development plans in India include five-year plans which aim to promote growth, employment, equity and justice. Regional development plans organize population, resources and infrastructure over a regional area.
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The document outlines the key stages of an environmental impact assessment (EIA) process:
1. Screening determines whether a project requires a full EIA based on thresholds or case-by-case criteria.
2. Scoping identifies the significant issues and impacts to focus the EIA.
3. Baseline studies gather existing environmental data to establish a baseline against which future impacts can be measured.
4. Alternatives, impacts, and mitigation measures are assessed before a decision is made.
Jurisprudence
This document discusses different perspectives on jurisprudence from various scholars. It covers natural law, analytical jurisprudence, historical jurisprudence, and the origins and basic tenets of different schools of thought. Some key points discussed include Savigny's view of law developing organically from a people's shared consciousness or "Volksgeist"; Austin establishing analytical jurisprudence by treating law as commands from a sovereign; and the historical school emerging in reaction to natural law theory.
Disaster management
Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. It includes emergency response and relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction, mitigation, and preparedness. Mitigation refers to efforts to reduce disaster risks and impacts, and can include both structural measures like building flood defenses, and non-structural measures like educating the public. Different hazards require different mitigation strategies tailored to the specific risks. Floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, and droughts are some of the major hazards addressed, along with examples of both structural and non-structural mitigation approaches for each.
Site planning
This document provides an overview of site planning and site analysis. It defines site planning as allocating functions on a piece of land to efficiently utilize resources. The purpose of site planning is to fit design programs and sites harmoniously while considering natural, socio-economic, and technological factors. Site analysis involves researching and inventorying various elements of a site, such as location, neighborhood context, subsurface features, natural and manmade surface features, circulation, utilities, sensory factors, climate, and aesthetics. This information is then analyzed to achieve a successful site design that incorporates relevant site characteristics.
Hindu law
This document provides an overview of key concepts in Hindu law related to joint Hindu family, coparcenary, sources of Hindu law, succession and inheritance, adoption, and Hindu marriage.
Some key points:
- A joint Hindu family consists of lineal descendants of a common male ancestor, along with their wives and unmarried daughters. Members are joint in estate, food, and worship.
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Public Transportation in City of Bhopal
1. Public transportation in the city of Bhopal, India has historically struggled to meet the demands of its growing population as the city has rapidly urbanized and expanded. Bhopal first had non-mechanized transportation and then introduced bus routes, but these were inadequate.
2. In recent decades, Bhopal has experienced tremendous population and development growth, becoming an educational hub, but public transportation has not expanded to meet these new demands. A new Bus Rapid Transit System was just completed but is still working out issues as it begins service.
3. The current public transportation network in Bhopal includes trunk routes, standard routes, and complimentary routes served by buses, but gaps still exist in connecting
Action plan
Calling for systematic and methodical approaches while requiring attentions and interventions. A sense of urgency to draw out measures once observations are over.
Rationale, Logic, Prudence employed to carry out guidelines need to be followed by implementation through actions.
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The work involves GIS mapping of Physical and Demographic resources of Madhya Pradesh. Process involved
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3. Base map have been sourced from SPA Bhopal.
The data is being mapped as a part of study to identify suitable districts for Industrial regionalization in Madhya pradesh.
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This document discusses public participation in the preparation of development plans. It outlines how development plans cover socio-economic, physical infrastructure, and environmental aspects. The drafting process involves gathering information from local authorities and constituting a planning authority. Public participation is sought through workshops, discussions on goals and priorities, and comments on draft plans. However, true participation is limited by the authority's responsibility and lack of public expertise. Shortcomings can arise from insufficient representation of citizen concerns.
Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process that ensures environmental factors are considered early in project planning. It examines both technical/economic and traditional impacts on local communities and biodiversity. EIA is intended to prevent or minimize potentially adverse environmental effects and improve project quality. Projects requiring EIA include agriculture, construction, industries, waste disposal, and developments near protected areas. The EIA process identifies, describes, and assesses a project's direct and indirect effects on humans, wildlife, air/water/soil, climate, landscape, and cultural heritage.
Planning and Economics
1) Planning and economics are closely related, as economic planning aims to distribute resources evenly and reduce wealth concentration. Economic indicators like per capita income and GDP are used to measure economic development.
2) Regional economics studies the differentiated economies of regions. It analyzes factors like migration, trade between regions, and how different sectors contribute to GDP in various areas.
3) The role of economics is significant in city and town planning. It is involved in all stages from feasibility to financing to commissioning of development projects. Local bodies require economic expertise to manage finances and optimize resource use.
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Planning profession
- 2. Planning Profession Plan Development Region Delineation Observation Data Mapping People Tools & Techniques Documentation Resources Administration Housing Services Amenities Mobility Vulnerabilities Environment PLANNING PROFESSIONAnd KEY WORDS
- 3. Planning Planning is to organize things in Advance. Plan is a written document which puts the different components of task in a logical order assigning them desired resources and time frames for completion. 3/15/2014
- 4. Relevance of Profession Projections of urban population growth around the world tell us that between 2000 and 2050 the amount of urban space will need to be doubled in developed countries and expanded by 326 per cent in developing countries to accommodate people. This is equivalent to building a city the size of Greater London every month for the next 40 years. Urban Planning for City Leaders 2nd Edition 2013 United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) 3/15/2014
- 5. Planning Steps in planning after identification of problem Observing Recording & Collecting Data Breaking Down the problem Filtering Data for different issues at hand Bringing Data to use through careful selection of tools 3/15/2014
- 6. Planning Steps in planning after identification of problem Providing solutions so as to fill the voids. Suggesting Measures Monitor results Review Way Forward. 3/15/2014
- 8. Challenges Growing Cities Housing Shortages, Slum Expansions, Dominance of informal sector Inadequate Urban Services Water, Sanitation and Energy Unplanned Expansion In peri urban areas Social & Political Conflicts on land & Resources Poor Mobility Systems 3/15/2014
- 10. Planning Practice • Accuracy of Information • Continuity • Conduct • Responsiveness • Devoid of any conflict of interest • Enhancement of Profession 3/15/2014
- 11. Planning Professional Associations in other countries. Canadian Institute of Planners Royal Town Planning Institute (UK) American Institute of Certified Planners Planning Institute of Australia New Zealand Planning Institute South African Planners City Planning Institute of Japan China Association of City Planning 3/15/2014
- 12. Planning Institutions in India • Institute of Town Planning India • Town & Country Planning Organization 3/15/2014
- 13. Institute of Town Planning India Institute is an apex body for matters relating to profession and study of Planning subject. Founded in 1951 Institute has membership of more than 4000 professionals. The institute delves in promoting planned, economic, scientific and artistic development of towns, cities and rural areas. Institute works for promoting interest of those engaged in the practice of urban planning. Teching, research and enhancement of profession is primary responsibility of the institute. 3/15/2014
- 14. Town & Country Planning Organization TCPO is a subordinate office of the Ministry of Urban Development. Joint Secretary (Urban Development), Ministry of Urban Development is the ex- officio Chairman of TCPO. All the Policy matters are referred to the Chairman for his consideration/ decision. The Chief Planner is the head of the organization who is assisted by a multi-disciplinary team of Town Planners, Architects, Engineers, Social Scientists, Economists and Environmental Planners, etc. Chief Planner is delegated with all the powers of the Head of a department of subordinate office under 'Financial Power Rules'. He approves all the technical matters, reports, studies, projects; etc., dealt by the organization. 3/15/2014
- 15. Town & Country Planning Organization Created in 1962 by merging the erstwhile Town Planning Organisation (TPO) and Central Regional and Urban Planning Organisation (CRUPO). Functioning as a Technical Wing of the Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India. Apex technical advisory and Consultancy organization on matters concerning urban and regional planning strategies, research, monitoring and evaluation of Central Government schemes and development policies. Advises and assists the State Governments, Public Sector Undertakings on matters pertaining to Town Planning, Metropolitan Planning, Human Settlement Policies, Planning Legislation etc. 3/15/2014
- 16. Town & Country Planning Organization Important Publications by TCPO Manual for Preparation of Town and Regional Planning Maps - 1972 Guide to Preliminary Planning Surveys for Small and Medium Size Towns-1972 Guide to Industrial Zoning -1976 Guide to Industrial Regionalization -1976 Norms and Space Standards for Urban Water Supply and Sewerage 1980 Guide to Preliminary Planning Surveys of Urban Area & Land Use Classification - 2003 Modal Regional and Town Planning and Development Law -1966 Legislation on Town & Country Planning in India -1991 UDPFI Guidelines - 1996 (published by the Ministry of Urban Development) Model Building Bye-Laws - 2004 3/15/2014
- 17. T h a n k Y o u 3/15/2014