Pinene is a colorless liquid found in pine trees and other plants that gives them their characteristic scent. It exists as two isomers - alpha pinene and beta pinene. Pinene is the main component of turpentine and is obtained through the distillation of pine trees. It has several uses as an analgesic, antibacterial, and antioxidant and can also be synthesized from geranyl pyrophosphate. Derivatives of pinene include linalool and compounds used as fungicides, insecticides, and for removing heavy metals from solution. When pinene reacts with ozone it produces secondary organic aerosols that impact air quality and climate.

2. PINENE
PRESENTED BY :IQRA MOBEEN

3. PINENE
Pinene a colorless flammable liquid present in turpentine,
juniper oil, and other natural extracts. It is an alkene & much
reactive.
Its chemical formula is C10H16

4. ISOMERS OF PINENE
It have two isomers(both are important constituents of pine
resin)
1. Alpha pinene
2. Beta pinene
Both isomers are used by many insects in their chemical
communication system.

5. STRUCTURAL FORMULA
OF PINENE ISOMERS
Alpha pinene

6. Beta pinene

7. SOURCE OF PINENE
Pinene is a bicyclic terpene known as a monoterpene. It is
the main terpene in pine trees(belong to family pinus
pinaster) which gives them their characteristic scent. It's a
major constituent of turpentine and is also found in high
amounts in rosemary and cannabis. Both forms are present
in many essential oils but are mostly obtained from
turpentine (obtained by the dry distillation of wood or other
dry botanical material).

8. Pinene are found in resins of conifers and they also the
constituents of non-coniferous plants such as big sagebrush
(Artemisia tridentata)
It is also found in the essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus
officinalis).
α-Pinene is a chemical constituent of essential oil extracted
from the stem of Canarium tramdenanum
It also found in coriander oil, lemon oil, cumin oil, American
peppermint oil, and oil of Levant wormseed.

9. USES
It has activity as
Analgesic – Relieves pain.
Antibacterial – Slows bacterial growth.
Anti-inflammatory – Reduces inflammation systemically.
Anti-Proliferative – Inhibits cancer cell growth.
Antioxidant – Prevents oxidation damage to other
molecules in the body.

10. SYNTHESIS OF
PINENE
Geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP), also known as geranyl
diphosphate (GDP), is an intermediate in the HMG-CoA
reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of
terpenes and terpeniods.
Studies on biosynthesis of pinene in soluble enzyme
preparation from the common sage(salvia officinalis)have
demonstrated the presences of the three monoterpene
cyclase activities that catalyze the cyclization of geranyl
pyrophosphate alpha & beta pinene are synthesized by same
monoterpene cyclase terpene via deportation of common
intermediate

12. DERIVATIVE OF
PINENE

13. Linalool:
Linalool used as a scent in 60–80% of perfumed hygiene products
and cleaning agents including soaps, detergents, shampoos, and
lotions.
It is also used as a chemical intermediate.
One common downstream product of linalool is vitamin E.
It is also used as cockroach insecticide.

16. Alpha pinene is also used to prepare dihydromyrecene.
Which is used as flavor of daily chemicals, especially soaps

18. BETA PINENE
Derivative of beta pinene act as fungicidal. Most of the
synthesized compounds exhibited moderate to significant
fungicidal activity. Among them, the acylthiourea derivatives
from β-pinene showed more promising results than the other
compounds.

20. The environmental pollution by heavy metals became more
problematic nowadays. To solve the problem of Cadmium
accumulation in human organs which lead to dangerous effects
on human health, and to determine its concentration, the organic
acylthiourea derivative(1-phenyl-3-benzoyl-2-thiourea) was used
to extract the cadmium ions from its solution.

21. 4-isopropylcyclohexa-1, 3-dienecarboxylic acid (dehydrocumic
acid) is derivative of β-pinene.it has insecticidal activities against
ostrinia furnacclis and bemisia tabaci. It also exhibited moderate
larvicidal activity against ostrinia furnacclis.

22. PHOTO OXIDATION OF
PINENE
The scheme for the reaction pathways leading to the observed products from the
aqueous-phase ozonolysis of b-pinene.

23. It react with ozone and resulted in formation of SOA.
Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOAs) are air pollutants
emitted from natural and man made sources. They are
produced through a complex interaction of sunlight, volatile
organic compounds from trees, plants, cars or industrial
emissions, and other airborne chemicals.

24. Atmospheric aerosols, consisting of liquid or solid particles
suspended in air, play a key role in many environmental
processes. Aerosols scatter and absorb solar and terrestrial
radiation, influence cloud formation and participate in
heterogeneous chemical reactions in the atmosphere, thereby
affecting the abundance and distribution of atmospheric trace
gases

25. HYDRATION OF
ALPHA PINENE

26. HYDRATION OF BETA
PINENE

27. REFERENCES
https://www.leafly.com/news/cannabis
http://www.britannica.com/science/pinene
http://pubs.rsc.org/EN/content/articlelanding/2015/ra/c5ra10660e#!divAbstract
http://waset.org/publications/9997379/synthesis-and-use-of-thiourea-derivative-1-
phenyl-3-benzoyl-2-thiourea-for-extraction-of-cadmium-ion
Advances in quantum chemistry
http://www.google.com/patents/WO1984002337A1?cl=en
http://benthamscience.com/journal/contents.php?journalID=lddd&issueID=126533
Ecological chemistry page 309
Plant trichome page# 130
http://www2.epa.gov/air-research/secondary-organic-aerosol-soas-research
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/15/8113/2015/acpd-15-8113-2015.html