This document summarizes a study that applied a multi-market partial equilibrium model to analyze the pig sectors in Vietnam and Uganda. The model simulated various scenarios to project market shares of traditional, commercial, and modern pig production systems over 10 years. The results showed that traditional smallholders would likely maintain the largest market share under most scenarios. Higher productivity growth, especially in traditional systems, benefited both smallholders and the commercial sector by reducing costs and prices. However, without technological improvements, rising demand would likely be met through imports rather than domestic production growth. The study concluded that technology breakthroughs could provide wins for both traditional and modern pig sectors in Vietnam and Uganda.
Livestock contributes significantly to GDP in Eastern and Central African countries, ranging from 10-40% of GDP. A study identified milk as having the highest potential for growth and economic gains in the region. Investing in the livestock sub-sector could result in the second highest regional GDP gains after staples. However, production is not keeping up with demand growth due to population increase and diet changes. All ECA countries import milk and meat. Key opportunities exist to improve genetics, nutrition, veterinary services, and market access through standards harmonization and trade policy reforms to boost the livestock sector. Priority investments include research, production technologies, value addition infrastructure, market information systems, and an enabling policy environment.
1. The document discusses opportunities for linking farmers in Southern and Eastern Africa to high-value livestock product markets. It provides lessons from the beef industry in Namibia and Botswana as well as the dairy industry in East Africa.
2. Key lessons from Namibia include smart branding, certification programs, and public-private partnerships to finance small producers. Lessons from Botswana include issues with its monopolistic market structure and weak traceability systems.
3. Dairy demand is growing strongly in East Africa, though non-tariff barriers and transport costs limit regional trade. Smallholder dairy farmers can compete by improving economies of scale and access to services.
Agricultural trade policy & food security in the caribbeanDebbie-Ann Hall
This document summarizes a book on agricultural trade policy and food security in the Caribbean. It examines how trade impacts food security outcomes in small Caribbean economies that rely on both exports and imports for their food supply. The book discusses structural issues facing Caribbean countries, implications of multilateral trade negotiations, and analytical tools for evaluating trade policies. It was produced through training activities supported by FAO and the Italian government aimed at improving understanding of trade policy issues relevant to Caribbean food security.
Summary
1. African livestock markets are growing fast: they are as
attractive as, if not more attractive than livestock markets
in other world regions
2. Milk, beef and poultry markets will provide major business
opportunities, which differ by geographical region
3. On paper, all types of livestock producers could be efficient
and tap into growing market opportunities: but do all of
them – and in particular the smallholders – have enough
incentives to invest in livestock?
4. Policies and instititional reforms are ky to ensure that
markets are utilized to promote an efficient and equitable
growth of livestock
The Brussels Development Briefing no. 48 on “Strengthening rural livelihoods in the face of rapid urbanisation in Africa” took place on 20th March 2017 from 14:00 to 18:00, at the ACP Secretariat (Avenue Georges Henri 451, 1200 Brussels, Room C). This Briefing was co-organised by CTA, BMZ/GIZ, the ACP Secretariat, European Commission (DG DEVCO) and Concord
Africa has become a net importer of food since the mid-1970s, with its food trade deficit exceeding $13 billion by 2005. While some countries can afford food imports due to oil/mineral wealth or industrialization, many cash-strapped countries struggle to pay high food bills without compromising development. Only about a third of African countries had sufficient agricultural export revenues in 2007 to cover their food import costs. This document seeks to explain Africa's rising food trade deficit by examining factors affecting both food demand and supply, such as population growth, low agricultural productivity, policy distortions, infrastructure issues, and conflicts. Potential policy solutions around domestic reforms, regional integration, and improving input access/technology are also discussed.
Develop the agrifood trade (especially the fruit & vegetables sector) in an i...Francois Stepman
29 May 2020. Webinar: 'Doing Business in Post COVID-19 Agrofood Sector'
Presentation of Mr Jeremy Knops, DG Coleacp: the expertise and support COLEACP can provide for agrofood entrepreneurs.
Livestock contributes significantly to GDP in Eastern and Central African countries, ranging from 10-40% of GDP. A study identified milk as having the highest potential for growth and economic gains in the region. Investing in the livestock sub-sector could result in the second highest regional GDP gains after staples. However, production is not keeping up with demand growth due to population increase and diet changes. All ECA countries import milk and meat. Key opportunities exist to improve genetics, nutrition, veterinary services, and market access through standards harmonization and trade policy reforms to boost the livestock sector. Priority investments include research, production technologies, value addition infrastructure, market information systems, and an enabling policy environment.
1. The document discusses opportunities for linking farmers in Southern and Eastern Africa to high-value livestock product markets. It provides lessons from the beef industry in Namibia and Botswana as well as the dairy industry in East Africa.
2. Key lessons from Namibia include smart branding, certification programs, and public-private partnerships to finance small producers. Lessons from Botswana include issues with its monopolistic market structure and weak traceability systems.
3. Dairy demand is growing strongly in East Africa, though non-tariff barriers and transport costs limit regional trade. Smallholder dairy farmers can compete by improving economies of scale and access to services.
Agricultural trade policy & food security in the caribbeanDebbie-Ann Hall
This document summarizes a book on agricultural trade policy and food security in the Caribbean. It examines how trade impacts food security outcomes in small Caribbean economies that rely on both exports and imports for their food supply. The book discusses structural issues facing Caribbean countries, implications of multilateral trade negotiations, and analytical tools for evaluating trade policies. It was produced through training activities supported by FAO and the Italian government aimed at improving understanding of trade policy issues relevant to Caribbean food security.
Summary
1. African livestock markets are growing fast: they are as
attractive as, if not more attractive than livestock markets
in other world regions
2. Milk, beef and poultry markets will provide major business
opportunities, which differ by geographical region
3. On paper, all types of livestock producers could be efficient
and tap into growing market opportunities: but do all of
them – and in particular the smallholders – have enough
incentives to invest in livestock?
4. Policies and instititional reforms are ky to ensure that
markets are utilized to promote an efficient and equitable
growth of livestock
The Brussels Development Briefing no. 48 on “Strengthening rural livelihoods in the face of rapid urbanisation in Africa” took place on 20th March 2017 from 14:00 to 18:00, at the ACP Secretariat (Avenue Georges Henri 451, 1200 Brussels, Room C). This Briefing was co-organised by CTA, BMZ/GIZ, the ACP Secretariat, European Commission (DG DEVCO) and Concord
Africa has become a net importer of food since the mid-1970s, with its food trade deficit exceeding $13 billion by 2005. While some countries can afford food imports due to oil/mineral wealth or industrialization, many cash-strapped countries struggle to pay high food bills without compromising development. Only about a third of African countries had sufficient agricultural export revenues in 2007 to cover their food import costs. This document seeks to explain Africa's rising food trade deficit by examining factors affecting both food demand and supply, such as population growth, low agricultural productivity, policy distortions, infrastructure issues, and conflicts. Potential policy solutions around domestic reforms, regional integration, and improving input access/technology are also discussed.
Develop the agrifood trade (especially the fruit & vegetables sector) in an i...Francois Stepman
29 May 2020. Webinar: 'Doing Business in Post COVID-19 Agrofood Sector'
Presentation of Mr Jeremy Knops, DG Coleacp: the expertise and support COLEACP can provide for agrofood entrepreneurs.
This document provides an overview of the 2020 report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) titled "The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets". The report examines trends in global agricultural and food markets, global value chains, the role of smallholder farmers, and the impact of digital innovations. It finds that while trade and global value chains have opportunities for development, policies are needed to support smallholder farmer inclusion to ensure benefits are shared broadly and sustainably. The report also explores how new digital technologies could transform markets but may also exacerbate existing inequalities.
David Laborde Debucquet
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?
DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST
Presentation of the 2021 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor, September 10, AGRF...AKADEMIYA2063
African countries have diversified both their exports and trade partners over the last decade, African agricultural trade still suffers from structural problems as well as exogenous shocks. Against this backdrop, the 2021 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor (AATM) analyzes continental and regional trends in African agricultural trade flows and policies. The report finds that many African countries continue to enjoy the most success in global markets with cash crops and niche products. At the intra-African level, countries are becoming more interconnected in trade of key commodities, but there remain many potential but unexploited trade relationships. The report examines the livestock sector in detail, finding that despite its important role in Africa, the sector is concentrated in low value- added products that are informally traded. The report also examines trade integration in the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), which remains limited due to factors including tariffs, nontariff measures, poor transport infrastructure, and weak institutions. Finally, the report discusses the implications of two major events affecting African trade in 2020 and 2021: the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).
Andrew Mold
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?
DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST
Maryla Maliszewsk
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?
DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST
2020 ReSAKSS Annual Conference - Plenary Session V Enabling Environment for T...AKADEMIYA2063
Presentation on "The Competitiveness of African agriculture: Revisiting trade policy reform in Africa" by Antoine Bouet, Senior Research Fellow IFPRI-MTID
The document discusses the EU's system for protecting geographical indications (GIs). It outlines the economic benefits of GIs for farmers and consumers. GIs help farmers by ensuring reputation and value stays local, preventing relocation of production, and providing small producers access to markets. Consumers benefit from quality labels that guarantee authenticity and tradition. The EU GI system has led to increased production, exports, prices, and employment for many regional specialties. There are over 1900 registered wine GIs, 325 spirit drink GIs, and 970 foodstuff GIs in the EU.
Australian Business Forum helps Australian SMEs and businesses to understand the Chinese market and refine their China strategy.
http://abf.events/
ABOUT THE PRESENTATION BELOW
Anthony Plummer of Trade and Investment Victoria, presents on opportunities for food and agriculture in the Asian Century, the fast-growing meat and dairy sectors, the China Australia Free Trade Agreement and finally how the Victorian Government is combining all of these opportunities to drive agribusiness in coming decades.
Originally presented at Australia-China BusinessWeek 2015 Melbourne
CIP Ethiopia works to increase potato and sweet potato productivity in Ethiopia in a sustainable way to improve food security and livelihoods. It partners with various organizations to promote orange-fleshed sweet potatoes which provide vitamin A and help address malnutrition, as well as potato varieties that increase incomes. Some of its accomplishments include reaching over 1.5 million people through nutrition activities, having new potato and sweet potato varieties adopted on farms, establishing disease-free plantlet production centers, and providing improved planting materials to hundreds of thousands of households. Key partners include the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research and various other government and non-governmental organizations. CIP Ethiopia manages various research and development projects focused on potatoes and sweet potatoes funded
Presentation given at regional dialogue on the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, Addis Ababa, June 2014.
http://www.future-agricultures.org/pastoralism/7984-pastoralism-in-ethiopia-new-briefings-and-paper
Future scenarios for pig sector development in Vietnam: Results from an updat...ILRI
The document summarizes the results of an economic model analyzing future scenarios for Vietnam's pig sector. The base scenario projects that traditional pork consumption will increase 57% over 10 years while modern pork consumption doubles. Maize imports are projected to reach 4 million tons by 2023 to meet growing feed demand. Alternative scenarios examining higher income growth, technological changes, and policy options suggest the modern pig sector will likely remain small, around 4-8% of production over the next decade.
Agricultural transformation in PNG can be understood from an agri-food system perspective. This involves (1) rising farm productivity to increase food production and consumption for subsistence farmers, (2) linking farmers to local markets so they can sell surpluses to raise incomes and create local jobs, and (3) engaging the rural non-farm economy so farmers and others start businesses that generate demand and incomes across rural areas. Together these steps can help harness urban markets where urban consumer demand drives more value-addition of agricultural products and diversification opportunities. Currently, PNG's industry and service sectors have contributed more to economic growth than agriculture, but slow agricultural output growth suggests little improvement in rural welfare. Analyzing the full ag
Reducing disease risks and improving food safety in smallholder pig value cha...ILRI
Presented by Lucy Lapar at the inception workshop for the 'Reducing Disease Risks and Improving Food Safety in Smallholder Pig Value Chains in Vietnam' project, Hanoi, August 14, 2012.
Agriculture plays an important role in the Zambian economy, providing employment for 70% of the population. However, agricultural productivity, especially for small-scale farmers, remains low due to various constraints including a lack of access to markets, financing, education and infrastructure. Increasing agricultural trade could help reduce poverty but challenges like Zambia's landlocked status and high transportation costs must be addressed. The study examines policies and reforms needed to improve rural livelihoods and make agriculture a more effective engine for inclusive economic growth and trade.
This document provides an overview of the 2020 report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) titled "The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets". The report examines trends in global agricultural and food markets, global value chains, the role of smallholder farmers, and the impact of digital innovations. It finds that while trade and global value chains have opportunities for development, policies are needed to support smallholder farmer inclusion to ensure benefits are shared broadly and sustainably. The report also explores how new digital technologies could transform markets but may also exacerbate existing inequalities.
David Laborde Debucquet
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?
DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST
Presentation of the 2021 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor, September 10, AGRF...AKADEMIYA2063
African countries have diversified both their exports and trade partners over the last decade, African agricultural trade still suffers from structural problems as well as exogenous shocks. Against this backdrop, the 2021 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor (AATM) analyzes continental and regional trends in African agricultural trade flows and policies. The report finds that many African countries continue to enjoy the most success in global markets with cash crops and niche products. At the intra-African level, countries are becoming more interconnected in trade of key commodities, but there remain many potential but unexploited trade relationships. The report examines the livestock sector in detail, finding that despite its important role in Africa, the sector is concentrated in low value- added products that are informally traded. The report also examines trade integration in the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), which remains limited due to factors including tariffs, nontariff measures, poor transport infrastructure, and weak institutions. Finally, the report discusses the implications of two major events affecting African trade in 2020 and 2021: the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).
Andrew Mold
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?
DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST
Maryla Maliszewsk
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?
DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST
2020 ReSAKSS Annual Conference - Plenary Session V Enabling Environment for T...AKADEMIYA2063
Presentation on "The Competitiveness of African agriculture: Revisiting trade policy reform in Africa" by Antoine Bouet, Senior Research Fellow IFPRI-MTID
The document discusses the EU's system for protecting geographical indications (GIs). It outlines the economic benefits of GIs for farmers and consumers. GIs help farmers by ensuring reputation and value stays local, preventing relocation of production, and providing small producers access to markets. Consumers benefit from quality labels that guarantee authenticity and tradition. The EU GI system has led to increased production, exports, prices, and employment for many regional specialties. There are over 1900 registered wine GIs, 325 spirit drink GIs, and 970 foodstuff GIs in the EU.
Australian Business Forum helps Australian SMEs and businesses to understand the Chinese market and refine their China strategy.
http://abf.events/
ABOUT THE PRESENTATION BELOW
Anthony Plummer of Trade and Investment Victoria, presents on opportunities for food and agriculture in the Asian Century, the fast-growing meat and dairy sectors, the China Australia Free Trade Agreement and finally how the Victorian Government is combining all of these opportunities to drive agribusiness in coming decades.
Originally presented at Australia-China BusinessWeek 2015 Melbourne
CIP Ethiopia works to increase potato and sweet potato productivity in Ethiopia in a sustainable way to improve food security and livelihoods. It partners with various organizations to promote orange-fleshed sweet potatoes which provide vitamin A and help address malnutrition, as well as potato varieties that increase incomes. Some of its accomplishments include reaching over 1.5 million people through nutrition activities, having new potato and sweet potato varieties adopted on farms, establishing disease-free plantlet production centers, and providing improved planting materials to hundreds of thousands of households. Key partners include the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research and various other government and non-governmental organizations. CIP Ethiopia manages various research and development projects focused on potatoes and sweet potatoes funded
Presentation given at regional dialogue on the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, Addis Ababa, June 2014.
http://www.future-agricultures.org/pastoralism/7984-pastoralism-in-ethiopia-new-briefings-and-paper
Future scenarios for pig sector development in Vietnam: Results from an updat...ILRI
The document summarizes the results of an economic model analyzing future scenarios for Vietnam's pig sector. The base scenario projects that traditional pork consumption will increase 57% over 10 years while modern pork consumption doubles. Maize imports are projected to reach 4 million tons by 2023 to meet growing feed demand. Alternative scenarios examining higher income growth, technological changes, and policy options suggest the modern pig sector will likely remain small, around 4-8% of production over the next decade.
Agricultural transformation in PNG can be understood from an agri-food system perspective. This involves (1) rising farm productivity to increase food production and consumption for subsistence farmers, (2) linking farmers to local markets so they can sell surpluses to raise incomes and create local jobs, and (3) engaging the rural non-farm economy so farmers and others start businesses that generate demand and incomes across rural areas. Together these steps can help harness urban markets where urban consumer demand drives more value-addition of agricultural products and diversification opportunities. Currently, PNG's industry and service sectors have contributed more to economic growth than agriculture, but slow agricultural output growth suggests little improvement in rural welfare. Analyzing the full ag
Reducing disease risks and improving food safety in smallholder pig value cha...ILRI
Presented by Lucy Lapar at the inception workshop for the 'Reducing Disease Risks and Improving Food Safety in Smallholder Pig Value Chains in Vietnam' project, Hanoi, August 14, 2012.
Agriculture plays an important role in the Zambian economy, providing employment for 70% of the population. However, agricultural productivity, especially for small-scale farmers, remains low due to various constraints including a lack of access to markets, financing, education and infrastructure. Increasing agricultural trade could help reduce poverty but challenges like Zambia's landlocked status and high transportation costs must be addressed. The study examines policies and reforms needed to improve rural livelihoods and make agriculture a more effective engine for inclusive economic growth and trade.
Asia Regional Planning Meeting-Agricultural Markets and Risks in Asia:Challen...ICRISAT
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Evolution of animal production in emerging markets: China, Russia, India, Bra...ILRI
The document discusses trends and trajectories in global animal agriculture between now and 2050. Three key points:
1) Demand and production of livestock products are rapidly increasing in developing countries, especially in places like China, India, and Africa. This is driven by population growth, rising incomes, and urbanization.
2) Smallholder mixed crop-livestock systems will experience some of the greatest changes and opportunities. These diverse systems in places like Africa and South Asia offer opportunities to close yield gaps and reduce disease and emissions.
3) Plausible future scenarios depend on uncertain variables like climate change, technology, and disease outbreaks. This could lead to scenarios like sustainable intensification or climate-related crises
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
This presentation was prepared and presented by J. K. Munguti from the Ministry of Industrialization Enterprise and Development during the Industrialization Week conference held at KICC Nairobi on 19th November 2013.
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1) The document provides an overview of the poultry value chains in Ghana and Tanzania based on assessments conducted.
2) In Ghana, poultry production is dominated by commercial layer farms but local chicken and guinea fowl rearing also contributes. Imports meet the majority of chicken meat demand.
3) In Tanzania, traditional village chicken rearing systems account for most birds while improved dual-purpose breeds are also raised. Consumption is growing faster than production.
The document outlines Cambodia's agricultural transformation over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key changes include increased productivity, expansion of rice milling, changing labor patterns, and infrastructure growth. Driving forces were policy reforms, investment, technology adoption, and higher food prices. Sustaining growth requires improving the business environment, public-private partnerships, skills development, and strategic national programs. The diagnostic study will analyze four commodities across regions using surveys, focus groups, and comparing to a previous study to inform Cambodia's agricultural roadmap.
The document summarizes Pakistan's dairy and livestock export potential. It notes that the livestock sub-sector contributes over 50% to agricultural GDP and discusses various policies and projects to promote the dairy sector, including investment in milk processing facilities, dairy cooperatives, and dairy development projects. It also analyzes factors supporting dairy competitiveness, including low production costs compared to other countries and growing domestic and foreign demand for milk products. Recommendations include strengthening small-scale dairy production, protecting local markets from subsidized imports, improving breeding and extension services, and promoting cooperatives.
This document discusses livelihood strategies and value chain analysis for enhancing development impact in the Near East and North Africa region. It provides an overview of non-farm livelihoods and sources of off-farm income. It also examines product value chains for pomegranates and onions in Egypt, identifying opportunities and challenges around production practices, post-harvest management, marketing, market infrastructure, and product quality standards. The document concludes with recommendations for improving smallholder incomes and competitiveness through better rural institutions, finance access, and adherence to export market requirements.
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Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
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Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
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Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
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The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
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Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
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PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
PPT on Sustainable Land Management presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart Agriculture
Application of a multi-market partial equilibrium model in the pig sector of Vietnam and Uganda
1. Application of a multi-market partial
equilibrium model in the pig sector of Vietnam
and Uganda
Lucila Lapar, Emily Ouma, Peter Lule, Nguyen Que, Dang Khoi and Karl Rich
ICAE PIM Pre-conference workshop on Rural Transformation in the 21st Century: The
Challenges of Low-Income, Late-Transforming Countries
Westin Hotel, Vancouver
28th July 2018
2. The Uganda and Vietnam pig sectors
Dynamic and rapidly expanding
sector in both countries
o Rising demand for pork
o Pork per capita consumption 25 kg in
Vietnam and 4 kg in Uganda
Important source of livelihood,
especially for smallholder farmers:
o 8 mn Vietnamese households (32% of
households)
o 2 mn Ugandan households (20% of
households)
Smallholder backyard production
systems (intensive to extensive)
3. Pig population trend
15000
20000
25000
30000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Animalsx1000
Pig population in Vietnam
(2000 – 2012)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
1970 1980 1990 2000 2008 2014
Animalsx1000
Pig population in Uganda
(1970 - 2014)
4. Largely informal sector
Markets and products
Selected countries and value
chains under Livestock CRP
Markets and products
5. Study rationale
Growth in the sector portend a bright outlook for
smallholder pig sector development in both countries
However, the trajectory of growth may differ due to:
o Varying socio-economic and policy
contexts
o How the sector responds to
emerging rural and agri-food
systems transformation
o Revolution in food retail systems:
demand for traceability, supply
consistency and food safety
6. Research questions
How will rising income affect total pork demand and
the composition of pork demand?
How will shifts in pork demand influence pig
producers, particularly small-scale producers i.e. will
small-scale pig producers be squeezed out of the
market?
How will the growth of pig production affect maize
markets – specifically, will imports grow?
7. Methodology
Apply a multi-market model framework to conduct two-
country case studies to assess the impact of the
trajectories of change on smallholder domestic market
shares in supply of pork.
Partial equilibrium
o Focussed only on the maize and pig sectors, does not
capture all other sectors in the economy
Spatial
o Simulates market dynamics and interregional trade in eight
regions in Vietnam and five in Uganda
o Inter-regional trade is defined endogenously in the
model following the rules of spatial arbitrage
8. Model characteristics
Recursive and dynamic
o Simulates impacts over a 10 year period based on growth in income, population,
and production technology (2014-25)
o Baseline data from various sources (mainly, National Statistics Bureau)
Disaggregation of chosen commodities
o Maize as a feed product
o Specific pork products
Fresh pork sold in rural wet markets produced by traditional smallholder
producers
Fresh pork sold in urban/peri-urban wet markets produced by commercially-
oriented producers,
Processed pork sold in formal market outlets including supermarkets
produced by large, modern producers
System of equations/inequalities solved using MCP in
GAMS
9. Baseline scenario - assumptions
Parameters Vietnam Uganda
Per capita income growth rate 5% per year 5% per year
Population growth rate 1.05% per year 1% per year
Technological growth rate
Maize 2% per year 5% per year
Traditional smallholder pig sector 2% per year 5% per year
Commercial oriented pig sector 2.5% per year 5% per year
Modern pig sector 3% per year 5% per year
Income elasticities of demand
Maize 0.39 0.25
Traditional smallholder pig sector 1.25 0.90
Commercial oriented pig sector 1.38 1.80
Modern pig sector 1.51 1.80
10. Simulations
Scenario Change relative to baseline (% p.a.)
Higher income growth Income growth rate increased to 10%
Higher productivity growth in modern
pig sector
Technological growth rate in sector increased to 10%
Higher productivity growth in traditional
pig sector
Technological growth rate in sector increased to 10%
No productivity growth in traditional pig
sector
Technological growth rate in sector reduced to 0%
No productivity growth in maize Technological growth rate in sector reduced to 0%
Higher income elasticities for
commercial and modern pig products
Income elasticities increased to 2.7
Higher income elasticities + higher
productivity growth in commercial and
modern pig sector
Income elasticities increased to 2.7 and technological
growth in commercial and modern pig sector increased
to 10%
Worst case for traditional sector High technological growth in modern/no technological
growth in traditional/increase in income elasticity
modern/reduction in income elasticity for traditional
11. Results – changes in pig sector market
share under different scenarios, Uganda
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
2014
Base scenario
Higher income
No prod growth traditional sector
High productivity growth traditional sector
High productivity growth in the commercial sector
No productivity growth in the maize sector
High income elasticity commercial and modern pig
products
High income elasticity commercial & modern pig
products+productivity growth
Worst case scenario
%
Traditional sector Commercial sector Modern sector
12. Results – changes in pig sector market
share under different scenarios, Vietnam
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
2014
Base scenario
Higher income
No prod growth traditional sector
High productivity growth traditional sector
High productivity growth in the commercial sector
No productivity growth in the maize sector
High income elasticity commercial and modern pig products
High income elasticity commercial & modern pig
products+productivity growth
Worst case scenario
%
Traditional sector Commercial sector Modern sector
13. Pork export under different scenarios in
Vietnam (‘000’ tons)
Scenarios 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Baseline 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.5 9.3
High income growth 0 -4 -19 -38 -62 -92
No productivity growth in
traditional pig sector
5.3 4.3 3.1 1.8 0.2 0
Higher productivity growth -
traditional pig sector
17.7 19.6 21.6 23.8 162 419
Higher productivity growth -
modern pig sector
52.1 63.2 76 90.7 107 127
Higher income elasticity -
modern pork sector
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Higher income elasticity &
productivity growth modern
pork sector
23.9 27.5 31.6 36.2 41.4 47.5
Worst case scenario in
traditional pork sector
-20 -54 -101 -166 -254 -372
14. Maize export under different scenarios (‘000’
tons)
-9000 -8000 -7000 -6000 -5000 -4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 0
Base scenario
Higher income
No prod growth traditional sector
High productivity growth traditional sector
High productivity growth in the commercial sector
No productivity growth in the maize sector
High income elasticity commercial and modern pig products
High income elasticity commercial & modern pig products+productivity growth
Worst case scenario
'000' tons
Uganda Vietnam
15. Conclusions
Traditional smallholder sector will still account for the bulk of the
pig market share in the coming decade
Technology breakthroughs present a win-win for developing both
the traditional and modern commercial pig sectors in the 2
countries
Technology is the most significant driver to improve production of
the commercial/modern pig sub-sector
o Productivity enhancing technologies may include feeds, animal health, and
breeds
Rising pork demand without technological development will lead
to imports rather than growing domestic production
Impact of technological changes in the traditional sector:
o Reduce production cost and consumer price,
o Maintain market shares, and have pro-poor impacts
16. This work was financed by
ACIAR, EC-IFAD, Irish Aid, and Livestock CRP
It is implemented in a partnership with
Center for Agricultural Policy – Institute of Policy and Strategy for
Agriculture and Rural Development, Vietnam
It contributes to the CGIAR Research Program on
Livestock, and PIM
Acknowledgements
17. This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
better lives through livestock
ilri.org
ILRI thanks all donors and organizations who globally supported its work through their contributions
to the CGIAR system
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Pig production is a dynamic and rapidly expanding livestock sub-sector in Uganda and Vietnam driven by a myriad of factors, notably the rising demand for pork; a typical Vietnamese consumes some 25 kg of pork per year, while a Ugandan consumes nearly 4 kg of pork per year.
This rising trend in consumption is likely to continue, given increasing urbanization, rapid population growth, and rising incomes that are shifting dietary patterns from mainly starch-based foods towards a higher proportion of animal-sourced proteins. These trends, if sustained, portend a bright outlook for pig sector development in both countries.
31% increase in pig population in Vietnam (2000 – 2012)
In Uganda, 128% increase in pig population (2000 – 2014)
Pork is generally procured in wet markets. Fresh pork is the most preferred form of pork product among consumers in both countries.
There is also a small but growing demand for processed pork products sold in modern outlets in urban areas.
1. In the case of Viet Nam, there were dramatic reforms in the last 20 years, through shifts from a centrally planned to a state regulated market-oriented economy
In Vietnam, there are policies to develop the pig sector for export markets, thereby encouraging development of zones for production of high quality export pigs
Urbanisation of rural areas – improved infrastructure – electricity, roads, etc.
Need for evidence on the evolution of the sector under different scenarios in order to guide livestock policy and development
i.e. the price differences and the cost of transportation and marketing between regions determine the trade flows
MCP – Mixed Complementarity Programing
Modern and commercial pig sector in both Vietnam and Uganda is small but growing
Simulations for 8 scenarios
In most scenarios, modern/commercial sector increases only slightly but remains small relative to the traditional sector in the next 10 years except under worst case scenario for the traditional sector
Technology is the biggest motivation to improve the production of modern pig sector. Increasing demand without technology development will lead to import instead of developing production.
1. In all scenarios, Vietnam has to import maize for the animal feed industry
Imported amount depends on the production of pork and maize productivity
An increase in maize demand does not affect its domestic price given that supplies come from the international market at world prices