Pharmaceutical Analysis PPT (BP 102T)

 Pharmaceutical Analysis Definition, Scope,
 Different technique of analysis
 Method of expressing concentration
 Primary and second standard
 Those topics we cover in this ppt
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 The Pharmaceutical analysis in a branch of pharmaceutical
chemistry. Which involves the process of identification,
purification, quantification, determination, of substance
 (OR)
 The analysis is the qualitative and quantitative
determination of any substance by using the chemical,
instumental, and manual methods,
 Example:- the analysis we identify any compound , check
purity, and check quality and quantity and compound
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 The qualitative analysis we identify any
compound (called identification) and purification of
any sample.
 Qualitative Analysis is the determination of non-
numerical information about a chemical species, a
reaction, etc
 Example:- identify functiional group or elements in
sample
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 It involves the determination of quantity present in our
substance.
 Quantitative analysis is any method used for
determining the amount of a chemical in a sample. The
amount is always expressed as a number with
appropriate units.
 Example :- An acid-base titration is an example of
quantitative analysis.
 Example II:- concentration/amount of solute present in
substance.
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 It involves the determination of impurities present in sample is
below or above the specified unit.
 Semi Quantitative Analysis usually refers to a systematic
procedure using specific chemical reactions to confirm whether
certain ions or other elements are present and, approximately, in
what concentrations.
 Example:- suppose we want to determine the presence of Cl-
(chloride ions) in water. If we add AgNO3 (silver nitrate), it
makes the Cl- ions precipitate to form a precipitate of silver
chloride (AgCl).
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 In this time pharmaceutical analysis play major
role in pharmaceutical industry and production of an
effective , safe and pure, drug.
The branch of chemistry that deals with the analysis
of different substances, and it involves the
separation, identification, and the quantification of
matter. by using of classical methods along with
modern scientific instruments to achieve all these
purposes.
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 Quality control
 Identification of compound
 Determination of impurities
 Diagnosis
 Food determination
 Biological sample determination
 Dairy products
 Forensic department
 In Research
 Soil study
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 Quality control
 The insure the quality of row material, intermediate and finish
products. Analysis is the important factor they used before
production and after production.
 Identification
 It detect the presence and absence of one or more compound in
the drug.
Determination impurity
It detect the amount of impurity present in our sample and
detect purity present in our sample
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 Farming
 To konw the amount of essential nutrients for the plant growth.
 Diagnosis :- diagnosis the cause of illness
 Food determination:-
 chemical or physical tests, assays or measurements, and could
include a wide variety of analyses, such as determination of water,
fat, fibre, nitrite or nitrate content, and measurement of
mycotoxins and pesticide or herbicide residues.
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 Biological sample determination:-
 Pharmaceutical analysis methods for biological samples
include chromatography, radionuclide labeling,
immunological and microbiological methods. The assay
method with good specificity and high sensitivity should be
selected according to the nature of the test substance.
 Forensic:-
 Most forensic laboratories routinely employ Gas
Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) as the
preferred method for this examination.
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 Technique of analysis is of two types.
 Instrumental:-
 These methods include chromatography (liquid and gas) and
electrophoresis, molecular and atomic spectroscopy (UV-Visible,
IR, NMR, mass spectrometry, atomic absorption and emission).
 Non instrumental technique:-
 Analysis of some simple substance can be done by using non-
instrumental volumetric analysis. Its very easy, inexpensive and
can be carried out in ordinary laboratory conditions. The
volumetric method involves measurement of volumes of the
reacting substances.
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 This method which are used to find out
concentration/ammount of drug present
in any solution.
 Concentration:- it basically the amount of
solute mixed with solvent.
 Solute + solvent solution
 (suger) (water) (amount of salute)
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 Morality or molar concentration.
 Molality and molal concentration.
 Normality and normal concentration.
 Formality and formal concentration.
 Mole fraction and mole percentage.
 Percentage calculate.
 Part per million (PPM).
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 They Also known as molar concentration and
denote by capital (M)
 It define as no of mole of salute dissolves in
one liter.
 No of moles in Solute
 M=
 Volume of Solution (1l)

 It is a functional unit which is used to
measure the amount of substance (solute)
Mass given
Mole=
 Molecular weight
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 Also known as molal concentration and denote
by small (m).
 It define as number of moles of salute dissolves
in one kg of solvent.
 Number of moles in solution
 m=
 Weight of solvent (in kg)
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 They also known as normal concentration and
denote by capital (N).
 It define as no of gram equivalent of solute
dissolve per liter of solution.
 Number of Gram Equivalent
 N=
 volume of Solution
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 It define as a number of gram formula weight
of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.
 (ionic compound)
 Denote as (f)
 No of Formula Weight of Solution
 F=
 liter of solution
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 It define as ratio of number of moles solute to
the total number of moles of solute and solvent.
 moles of solute
 Xsolute =
 moles of solute +moles of solvent
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 They also known as percentage concentration.
 weight of solute
 %w/w= ×100
weight of solution
By weight of solution
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 By volume of solute
 volume of solute
 %v/v= ×100
 volume of solution
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 % of weight of solution by volume of solution
 %w/v = ×100
 volume of solute
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 It is the part of solute in one million part of
solute.
 They are used for very less quantity
concentration substances
 Mass of Solute
 PPM= × 106
Mass of Solution
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 These are those solution which have accurately
known concentration and which is highly pure
and which further used in standardization.
 Standardization:- to make solution standard.
 It is two types:-
 Primary standard.
 Secondary standard.
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 These are those types of solution which are prepare through
highly pure reagent or chemical and they have accurately know
concentration.
 They do not required further standarzation.
 Example:- sodium carbonate, oxalic acid, silver nitrate etc.
 Propeties:-
 Highly pure, less reactiive, and stable
 Highly soluble, non toxic, and eco friendly
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 These are those solution which are less stable and standardized
by using primary standard solution
 They are mainly used for quantitative analysis.
 They are used for standardization for other substance.
 Properties:-
 Less pure, and more reactive
 Less stable,
 Example:- sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
 Potassium permanganate (KMNO4)
 Hydrochloride acid (HCL)
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Thank you
 In hindi explanation go our youtube channel
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 https://youtu.be/iX6n6Rvrd_c?si=iqBI_qtc2kjkzKYN

Pharmaceutical Analysis PPT (BP 102T)

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